A-91
5.56×45mm NATO variant of the A-91
Type	Bullpup Assault rifle
Place of origin	Soviet Union
Service history
In service	1990–present
Used by	Russian Police, Military Services[citation needed]
Production history
Designer	KBP Instrument Design Bureau
Designed	1990
Manufacturer	KBP Instrument Design Bureau
Produced	1991
Variants	5,56 A-91, A-91M
Specifications
Mass	4.3 kg (9.48 lb) (A-91 without the grenade launcher) 4.4 kg (9.70 lb) (5,56A-91 with the grenade launcher)
Length	660 mm (26.0 in) 670 mm (26.4 in) (5,56A-91)
Barrel length	415 mm (16.3 in)
Width	56 mm (2.2 in) 64 mm (2.5 in) (5,56А-91)
Height	291 mm (11.5 in) 292 mm (11.5 in) (5,56A-91)
Cartridge	7.62×39mm 5.45×39mm 5.56×45mm NATO (5,56A-91) 40 mm caseless (grenade launcher)
Caliber	7.62×39mm, 5.45×39mm, 5.56×45mm NATO
Action	Gas-operated, rotating bolt
Rate of fire	600–800 rounds/min 700 rounds/min (5,56A-91)
Muzzle velocity	715 (А-91), 910 (5,56А-91)
Effective firing range	300 m 300 m (5,56A-91) 400 m (grenade launcher)
Feed system	30-round detachable box magazine
Sights	Dioptric sight, Grenade launcher sight

The A-91 is a bullpup assault rifle developed during the 1990s by KBP Instrument Design Bureau in Tula, Soviet Union as an offspring of the 9A-91 firearm family.

Design

The A-91 retains the simple gas-operated, rotating bolt action and a trigger unit design from the 9A-91, it features a bullpup polymer housing, with an integral 40 mm single-shot grenade launcher mounted under the barrel. The earliest prototypes of the A-91 bullpup were added with the grenade launcher above the barrel, and with a frontal vertical foregrip; current models are fitted with the underbarrel launcher, which serves as a forearm. The A-91 has a forward ejection system, initially developed in Tula by designers like Afanasiev during the early 1960s. In this system, the ejection port is located right above the pistol grip, and is directed forward. Extracted cases go from bolt head through the short ejection tube to the ejection port, and fall out of the gun well clear of the shooter's face, even when firing from the left shoulder. As for now, the A-91 is made in small numbers and, probably, is used by some elite police units in Russia; it is also offered for export and domestic military and police sales.

ADS amphibious rifle

In the early 21st century designers at KBP designed a dual medium rifle called ADS. The rifle is heavily based on the A-91, but can use 5.45×39mm PSP underwater cartridge. The rifle is in service with Russian combat divers.

Gallery

• 
  The A-91 at Interpolitex 2011.
• 
  The A-91 without a magazine at Interpolitex 2012.