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((Short description|Types of tructural steel standardized for use in shipbuilding))
((Multiple issues|
((refimprove|date=August 2013))
((third-party|date=August 2013))
))

'''ABS Steels''' are types of [[structural steel]] which are standardized by the [[American Bureau of Shipping]] for use in [[shipbuilding]].<ref name="ABS90">'''Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels''', American Bureau of Shipping, 1990</ref> 

ABS steels include many grades in ''ordinary-strength'' and two levels of ''higher-strength'' specifications.

All of these steels have been engineered to be optimal long-lived shipbuilding steels.  ABS does permit the use of other steels in shipbuilding, but discourages it, and requires more detailed engineering analysis.

==Basic properties==
All ABS steels are standard [[carbon steel]]s.  As with other grades of steel, they have a [[specific gravity]] of 7.8.((Citation needed|date=July 2014))-

== Material Properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ ASTM A131 Material Properties, as Required by ABS for Steel Materials<ref>ASTM International. (2019). Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Ships. (Designation: A131/A131M).</ref>
|-
! ABS Grade !! Tensile Strength (KSI) !! Yield Point (KSI) !! Min. 2" Elongation %
|-
| Grade A|| 58-75 || 34 || 22
|-
| Grade B || 58-75 || 34 || 22
|-
| Grade D || 58-75 || 34 || 22
|-
| Grade E || 58-75|| 34|| 22
|-
| Grade AH32 || 64-85 || 46 || 20
|-
| Grade DH32 || 64-85 || 46 || 20
|-
| Grade EH32 || 64-85 || 46 || 20
|-
| Grade FH32 || 64-85|| 46 || 20
|-
| Grade AH36 || 71-90 || 51|| 20
|-
| Grade DH36 || 71-90 || 51 || 20
|-
| Grade EH36 || 71-90 || 51 || 20
|-
| Grade FH36 || 71-90 || 51 || 20
|-
|}

==Ordinary-Strength==
Ordinary-strength ABS shipbuilding steel comes in a number of grades, '''A''', '''B''', '''D''', '''E''', '''DS''', and '''CS'''.  On certified steels, the plates are marked with the grade and a preceding '''"AB/"''', e.g. '''AB/A''' etc.<ref name="ABS-Steel-2008">[http://www.eagle.org/eagleExternalPortalWEB/ShowProperty/BEA%20Repository/Rules&Guides/LinkedGeneralGuideTitles/Current/Part2RulesforMaterialsandWelding Steel Vessel Rules 2010, Part 2 - Materials and Welding], American Bureau of Shipping, 2010, Chapter 1, Sections 2 and 3</ref>

[[Yield strength|Yield point]] for all ordinary-strength ABS steels is specified as 34,000 [[Pound-force per square inch|psi]] (235 [[megapascal|MPa]]), except for ABS A in thicknesses of greater than 1&nbsp;inch (25&nbsp;mm) which has yield strength of 32,000 psi (225 MPa), and cold flange rolled sections, which have yield strength of 30,000 psi (205 MPa).

[[Tensile strength|Ultimate tensile strength]] of ordinary strength alloys is 58,000 - 71,000 psi (400-490 MPa), except for ABS A shapes and bars with 58,000 - 80,000 psi (400-550 MPa), and cold flanged sections with 55,000 - 65,000 psi (380-450 MPa).

The various grades have slightly differing [[alloy]] chemical ingredients, and differing [[fracture toughness]].

==Higher-Strength==
Higher-strength ABS shipbuilding steel comes in six grades of two strengths, '''AH32''', '''DH32''', '''EH32''', '''AH36''', '''DH36''', and '''EH36'''.<ref name="ABS-Steel-2008"/>

The '''32''' grades have yield strength of 45,500 psi (315 MPa), and ultimate tensile strength of 64,000 - 85,000 psi (440-590 MPa).

The '''36''' grades have yield strength of 51,000 psi (355 MPa), and ultimate tensile strength of 71,000 - 90,000 psi (490-620 MPa).

Per Steel Vessel Rules Part 2 Chapter 1 Section 3 Table 2 (pg 36).

== Forms ==
ABS steel is produced in a variety of different forms,<ref>American Bureau of Shipbuilding. (2022, January). Rules for Building and Classing Steel Barges. https://ww2.eagle.org/content/dam/eagle/rules-and-guides/current/special_service/10_barges_2022/barge-rules-jan22.pdf</ref> including:
* Plates<ref>Leeco Steel. (n.d.). ABS Steel Plate. Retrieved April 11, 2022, from https://www.leecosteel.com/abs-steel-plate/</ref>
* Bars
* Pipes
* Structural Shapes

==References==
<references/>

((DEFAULTSORT:Abs Steels))
[[Category:Shipbuilding]]
[[Category:Steels]]
[[Category:Structural steel]]

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