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((refimprove|date=October 2016))
The '''[[Joint Electronics Type Designation System|AN/USQ]]-17''' or [[Naval Tactical Data System]] (NTDS) computer referred to in [[Sperry Rand]] documents as the '''Univac M-460''', was [[Seymour Cray]]'s last design for [[UNIVAC]].<ref name="McMurran2008">((cite book|author=Marshall William McMurran|title=ACHIEVING ACCURACY: A Legacy of Computers and Missiles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UU3v0tbq8acC&pg=PA142|date=11 December 2008|publisher=Xlibris Corporation|isbn=978-1-4628-1065-9|pages=142–))</ref> UNIVAC later released a commercial version, the [[UNIVAC 490]]. That system was later upgraded to a multiprocessor configuration as the 494.

==Overview==
The machine was the size and shape of a refrigerator, about four feet high (roughly 1.20 meters), with a hinged lid for access. Shortly after completing the prototype design, Cray left to join [[Control Data Corporation]]. When the Navy awarded Sperry Rand a US$50 million contract to build the AN/USQ-17, Univac engineers redesigned the entire machine from scratch using silicon transistors. They retained the [[instruction set]], so that programs developed for the original machine would still run on the new one.<ref name="Boslaugh2003">((cite book|author=David L. Boslaugh|title=When Computers Went to Sea: The Digitization of the United States Navy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mi8MhzheOokC&pg=PA165|date=16 April 2003|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0-471-47220-9|pages=165–))</ref>

As part of the redesign it was decided to improve access, and the second version was designed to stand upright, like an old fashioned double-door [[refrigerator]], about six feet tall (roughly 1.80 m). This new design was designated the [[AN/USQ-20]].

Instructions were represented as 30-bit words, in the following format:
   f   6 bits   function code 
   j   3 bits   jump condition designator 
   k   3 bits   partial word designator 
   b   3 bits   which index register to use 
   y  15 bits   operand address in memory

Numbers were represented as 30-bit [[integral data type|word]]s, this allowed for five 6-bit alphanumeric characters per word.

The main memory was 32,768 = 32[[Kilobyte|K]] words of [[core memory]].

The available [[processor register]]s were:
*One 30-bit [[Accumulator (computing)|accumulator]] (A).
*One 30-bit Q register (combined with A to give a total of 60 bits for the result of multiplication or the dividend in division).
*Seven 15-bit [[index register]]s (B1&ndash;B7).

The instruction format defined for the AN/USQ-17 marked the beginning of an instruction set which would be carried on, with many changes along the way, into later UNIVAC computers including the [[UNIVAC 1100/2200 series]], which is still in use ((As of|2004|alt=today)).

==First delivery of NTDS and related U.S. Navy computers==
* AN/USQ17, 30 bit, March 1958<ref name=ieee_usq17delivery> ((cite web| url=https://ethw.org/First-Hand:Building_the_U.S._Navy%27s_First_Seagoing_Digital_System_-_Chapter_4_of_the_Story_of_the_Naval_Tactical_Data_System#Mr._Seymour_R._Cray.2C_a_Genius_With_Transistors| title=IEEE Global History Network - First-Hand:Building the U.S. Navy's First Seagoing Digital System - Chapter 4 of the Story of the Naval Tactical Data System|author=David L. Boslaugh| accessdate=March 11, 2021 ))</ref>
*[[UNIVAC_490|CP-642]]<ref name=ieee_cp642creation> ((cite web| url=https://ethw.org/First-Hand:Testing_the_Naval_Tactical_Data_System_-_Chapter_5_of_the_Story_of_the_Naval_Tactical_Data_System#Getting_Ready_for_Service_Test| title=IEEE Global History Network - First-Hand:Testing the Naval Tactical Data System - Chapter 5 of the Story of the Naval Tactical Data System|author=David L. Boslaugh| accessdate=March 11, 2021 ))</ref> AKA<ref name=et_usq20historic> ((cite web| url=http://www.ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/univac-ntds.html#Historical-Notes| title=UNIVAC-NTDS historical notes | accessdate=March 11, 2021 ))</ref><ref name=chm_usq20> ((cite web| url=https://www.computerhistory.org/revolution/real-time-computing/6/125 | title=Computer History Museum:Managing the Threat | accessdate=March 11, 2021 ))</ref> [[AN/USQ-20]], 30 bit, 1960<ref name=ieee_delivereddates> ((cite web| url=http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/First-Hand:Legacy_of_NTDS_-_Chapter_9_of_the_Story_of_the_Naval_Tactical_Data_System#Can_Old_Computers_Last_Forever.3F | title=IEEE Global History Network - First-Hand:Legacy of NTDS - Chapter 9 of the Story of the Naval Tactical Data System|author=David L. Boslaugh| accessdate=March 11, 2021 ))</ref>
*[[AN/UYK-8]],   30 bit, 1967<ref name=ieee_delivereddates/><ref>[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951p002737412;view=1up;seq=1149 The Acquisition of Weapons Systems], 1974, pt. 7, p. 2761.</ref>
*[[AN/UYK-7]],   32 bit, 1971<ref name=ieee_delivereddates/>
*[[AN/UYK-43]],  32 bit, 1984<ref name=ieee_delivereddates/>
*[[AN/UYK-20]],  16 bit, 1973<ref name=ieee_delivereddates/>
*[[AN/AYK-14]],  16 bit, 1980<ref name=ieee_delivereddates/>
*[[AN/UYK-44]],  16 bit, 1984<ref name=ieee_delivereddates/>

==See also==
*[[List of UNIVAC products]]
*[[History of computing hardware]]


==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
*[http://vipclubmn.org/BitsBakUp/M-460%20Computer%20Characteristics%20(1956).pdf “M-460 Computer Characteristics”] &ndash; PDF ... 32pp (1956)
*[http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/UNIVAC-M-640.html ''The Univac M-460 Computer''] &ndash; Paper by J. E. Thornton, M. Macaulay, and D. H. Toth, Remington Rand Univac Division of Sperry Rand (on-line version from Ed Thelen's Antique Computer Home Page)


((DEFAULTSORT:AN USQ-17))
[[Category:UNIVAC hardware]]
[[Category:Transistorized computers]]
[[Category:Military computers]]
[[Category:Military electronics of the United States]]

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