Abacavir/lamivudine
Combination of
AbacavirNucleotide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor
LamivudineNucleotide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Clinical data
Trade namesKivexa, Epzicom, others
AHFS/Drugs.comProfessional Drug Facts
MedlinePlusa696011
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B3
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
UNII
KEGG
NIAID ChemDB
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Abacavir/lamivudine, sold under the brand name Kivexa among others, is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV/AIDS.[4] It contains abacavir and lamivudine.[4] It is generally recommended for use with other antiretrovirals.[4] It is commonly used as part of the preferred treatment in children.[5] It is taken by mouth as a tablet.[4]

Common side effects include trouble sleeping, headache, depression, feeling tired, nausea, rash, and fever.[4] Serious side effects may include high blood lactate levels, allergic reactions, and enlargement of the liver.[4] It is not recommended in people with a specific gene known as HLA-B*5701.[4] Safety in pregnancy has not been well studied but it appears to be okay.[6] Lamivudine and abacavir are both nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI).[4]

Abacavir/lamivudine was approved for medical use in the United States in 2004.[4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[7]

Society and culture

Names

It is marketed as Kivexa in most countries except for the United States, where it is branded as Epzicom.[8] It is marketed by ViiV Healthcare.[citation needed]

Legal challenges

Teva Pharmaceuticals and Lupin Ltd both filed abbreviated new drug applications (ANDAs) relating to the treatments of HIV using various combinations of abacavir, lamivudine and AZT, and challenging various patents. In 2013 the US District Court for the District of Delaware upheld the validity of a patent covering Epzicom and Tizivir. Other matters were subject to appeal or litigation as of 20 November 2014.[9]

See also

References

  1. ^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 Oct 2023.
  2. ^ "CAVADEXA , ABADINE, ABALAMID HETERO , BACAMID, LAMAVIR 600/300 (Hetero Australia Pty Ltd)". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 13 January 2023. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
  3. ^ "Kivexa EPAR". European Medicines Agency. 17 September 2018. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Abacavir and Lamivudine Tablets". Teva Pharmaceuticals USA. Archived from the original on 6 February 2017. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  5. ^ World Health Organization (2015). The selection and use of essential medicines. Twentieth report of the WHO Expert Committee 2015 (including 19th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines and 5th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children). Geneva: World Health Organization. pp. 45–46. hdl:10665/189763. ISBN 9789241209946. ISSN 0512-3054. WHO technical report series;994.
  6. ^ "Abacavir / lamivudine (Epzicom) Use During Pregnancy". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
  7. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  8. ^ "Our HIV medicines". viivhealthcare.com. Archived from the original on 7 December 2009. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
  9. ^ "PROPOSED MAJOR TRANSACTION WITH NOVARTIS AG:Circular to Shareholders and Notice of General Meeting" (PDF). Glaxosmithkline. 20 November 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-02-03. Retrieved 2015-02-03.

External links

Antiviral drugs: antiretroviral drugs used against HIV (primarily J05)
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