Abu Ishaq al-Saffar al-Bukhari
أبو إسحاق الصفّار البخاري
TitleRukn al-Islam (the Pillar of Islam)[1]
Personal
Born460 A.H. = 1067-8 A.D.[2]
Bukhara
Died534 A.H. = 1139 A.D.
Bukhara
ReligionIslam
EraIslamic Golden Age
RegionTransoxiana, modern-day  Uzbekistan
DenominationSunni
JurisprudenceHanafi
CreedMaturidi[3]
Main interest(s)Aqidah, Kalam (Islamic theology), Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence)
Notable work(s)Talkhis al-Adilla li-Qawa'id al-Tawhid
Muslim leader
Influenced by
Influenced

Abu Ishaq al-Saffar al-Bukhari (Arabic: أبو إسحاق الصفّار البخاري), was an important representative of the Sunni theological school of Abu Mansur al-Maturidi (d. c. 333/944) and the author of Talkhis al-Adilla li-Qawa'id al-Tawhid (Arabic: تلخيص الأدلّة لقواعد التوحيد) which is a voluminous kalam work.[4][5][6]

He lived in Bukhara under the dominance of West Karakhanids. His theological works, his method in kalam, and frequent reference to his works by Ottoman and Arab scholars indicate that al-Saffar is a respected and authoritative Hanafi-Maturidi theologian who systematically established his ideas about kalam believing that information based upon reason, revealed knowledge and senses are determinative in his area.[7][8]

Name

Abu Ishaq Ibrahim b. Isma'il b. Ahmad b. Ishaq b. Shayth, known as al-Zahid al-Saffar.[9][10]

The alternative name Ibrahim b. Ishaq, recorded by Brockelmann in his GAL, is found only in the British Museum manuscript no. 1577, Add. 27526, and is presumably erroneous, since the few bibliographical sources that mention al-Saffar call him Ibn Isma'il.[11][12]

Books

Main article: Talkhis al-Adilla

In his work titled Talkhis al-Adilla li-Qawa'id al-Tawhid on kalām,[Note 1] he wrote extensively about al-Asma' al-Husna (the Most Beautiful Names of God). Approximately one third of this work, published in two volumes, was devoted to al-Asma' al-Husna. In the pre-Saffar Hanafi-Maturidi theological literature, there was no other work that addressed al-Asma' al-Husna in such an extensive way.[13]

Notes

  1. ^ The word 'kalam' literally means discourse, logos or speech, often the speech of God; but technically it refers to the Islamic speculative theology as a whole. The word kalam in reference to the words of God occurs four times in the Qur'an, twice in reference to the Torah (Q2:75; 7:144), and twice to the Qur'an itself (Q9:6; 48:15).

See also

Further reading

References

  1. ^ "Al-'Alam by al-Zirikli". shamela.ws. Archived from the original on 2019-04-28. Retrieved 2019-04-01.
  2. ^ "Hadiyyat al-'Arifin by Isma'il Pasha al-Babani al-Baghdadi". islamport.com.
  3. ^ Adam Hani Walker, Coeli Fitzpatrick Ph.D. (2014). Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture [2 volumes]: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God. ABC-CLIO. p. 523. ISBN 9781610691789.
  4. ^ "The Contributions of Alī b. Uthmān al-Ūshī to Māturīdī Kalām". KIRGIZİSTAN OŞ İLAHİYAT FAKÜLTESİ DERGİSİ.
  5. ^ "An important source of the Maturidi legacy: al-Bukhari al-Saffar". H-Net Discussion Networks.
  6. ^ "A study of Bukhari's scholastic theology (Ibrahim Ibn Isma'il) Talkhis al-adilla, being a treatise on Hanafi scholastic theory". E-Theses Online Service.
  7. ^ "Abū Ishaq as-Saffār's Kalam Method". ISAM - Center for Islamic Studies.
  8. ^ "Māturīdī Theologian Abū Ishāq al-Zāhid al-Saffār's Vindication of the Kalām". PhilArchive: The Philosophy E-Print Archive.
  9. ^ "Hadiyyat al-'Arifin by Isma'il Pasha al-Babani al-Baghdadi". islamport.com.
  10. ^ "Abū Ishaq as-Saffār's Kalam Method". ISAM - Center for Islamic Studies.
  11. ^ "al-Ṣaffār al-Bukhārī" (PDF). İSAM Kütüphanesi - Veri Tabanı.
  12. ^ "al-Ṣaffār al-Bukhārī". Brill Online Reference Works.
  13. ^ Hümeyra Sevgülü Haciibrahimoğlu (2021). Abdullah Demir (ed.). Esmâ-i Hüsnâya Dayanan Kelâm Anlayışı: Ebû İshak es-Saffâr Örneği [The Understanding of Kalām Based on al-Asmāʾ al-Husnā: The Case of Abū Isḥāq al-Ṣaffār]. Ankara, Turkey: Oku Okut Yayınları. pp. 3–4. ISBN 9786057441607.
Early Islamic scholars
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Alqama ibn Qays (died 681) taughtHusayn ibn Ali (626–680) taughtQasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr (657–725) taught and raised by AishaUrwah ibn Zubayr (died 713) taught by Aisha, he then taughtSaid ibn al-Musayyib (637–715) taughtAbdullah ibn Umar (614–693) taughtAbd Allah ibn al-Zubayr (624–692) taught by Aisha, he then taught
Ibrahim al-Nakha’i taughtAli ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (659–712) taughtHisham ibn Urwah (667–772) taughtIbn Shihab al-Zuhri (died 741) taughtSalim ibn Abd-Allah ibn Umar taughtUmar ibn Abdul Aziz (682–720) raised and taught by Abdullah ibn Umar
Hammad bin ibi Sulman taughtMuhammad al-Baqir (676–733) taughtFarwah bint al-Qasim Jafar's mother
Abu Hanifa (699–767) wrote Al Fiqh Al Akbar and Kitab Al-Athar, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni Sufi, Barelvi, Deobandi, Zaidiyyah and originally by the Fatimid and taughtZayd ibn Ali (695–740)Ja'far bin Muhammad Al-Baqir (702–765) Muhammad and Ali's great great grand son, jurisprudence followed by Shia, he taughtMalik ibn Anas (711–795) wrote Muwatta, jurisprudence from early Medina period now mostly followed by Sunni in Africa, Sunni Sufi and taughtAl-Waqidi (748–822) wrote history books like Kitab al-Tarikh wa al-Maghazi, student of Malik ibn AnasAbu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Abdul Hakam (died 829) wrote biographies and history books, student of Malik ibn Anas
Abu Yusuf (729–798) wrote Usul al-fiqhMuhammad al-Shaybani (749–805)al-Shafi‘i (767–820) wrote Al-Risala, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and taughtIsmail ibn IbrahimAli ibn al-Madini (778–849) wrote The Book of Knowledge of the CompanionsIbn Hisham (died 833) wrote early history and As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyah, Muhammad's biography
Isma'il ibn Ja'far (719–775)Musa al-Kadhim (745–799)Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780–855) wrote Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and hadith booksMuhammad al-Bukhari (810–870) wrote Sahih al-Bukhari hadith booksMuslim ibn al-Hajjaj (815–875) wrote Sahih Muslim hadith booksDawud al-Zahiri (815–883/4) founded the Zahiri schoolMuhammad ibn Isa at-Tirmidhi (824–892) wrote Jami` at-Tirmidhi hadith booksAl-Baladhuri (died 892) wrote early history Futuh al-Buldan, Genealogies of the Nobles
Ibn Majah (824–887) wrote Sunan ibn Majah hadith bookAbu Dawood (817–889) wrote Sunan Abu Dawood Hadith Book
Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (864- 941) wrote Kitab al-Kafi hadith book followed by Twelver ShiaMuhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923) wrote History of the Prophets and Kings, Tafsir al-TabariAbu Hasan al-Ash'ari (874–936) wrote Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn, Kitāb al-luma, Kitāb al-ibāna 'an usūl al-diyāna
Ibn Babawayh (923–991) wrote Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih jurisprudence followed by Twelver ShiaSharif Razi (930–977) wrote Nahj al-Balagha followed by Twelver ShiaNasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201–1274) wrote jurisprudence books followed by Ismaili and Twelver ShiaAl-Ghazali (1058–1111) wrote The Niche for Lights, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, The Alchemy of Happiness on SufismRumi (1207–1273) wrote Masnavi, Diwan-e Shams-e Tabrizi on Sufism
Key: Some of Muhammad's CompanionsKey: Taught in MedinaKey: Taught in IraqKey: Worked in SyriaKey: Travelled extensively collecting the sayings of Muhammad and compiled books of hadithKey: Worked in Persia
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