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((More citations needed|date=May 2021))
((Short description|Ruler of the Tlemcen Kingdom (r. 1304–1308)))
((Infobox royalty
|name=Abu Zayyan I
|reign    =  1304–1308
| succession     = [[Sultan]] of the [[Kingdom of Tlemcen]]
| birth_name     = 
| birth_date     = unknown date 
| birth_place    = 
| death_date     = 1308
| death_place    = [[Tlemcen]]
| burial_place   = 
|predecessor    = [[Abu Said Uthman I]]
|successor  =[[Abu Hammu I]]|
|royal house  =[[Zayyanid dynasty|Zayyanid]]
| religion       = [[Islam]]
| occupation     = ((plainlist|
*Monarch
*Politician
*Military leader))
))
'''Abu Zayyan (I) Muhammad ibn Abi Said Uthman ibn Yaghmurasan''' (((Lang-ar|أبو زيان الأول))) (died 1308), known as '''Abu Zayyan I''', was the third [[Zayyanid dynasty|Zayyanid]] [[Sultan]] of the [[Kingdom of Tlemcen]]. He succeeded his father Abu Said Uthman I on June 6, 1304.<ref name="EI2Cour">((Cite encyclopedia|year=1986|title=Abū Zayyān I|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopaedia of Islam]]|publisher=[[Brill Publishers]]|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/abu-zayyan-i-SIM_0283|last=Cour|first=A.|orig-year=1960|publication-place=Leiden, Netherlands|edition=2nd|volume=I|page=167|isbn=9004081143|editor1-link=Peri Bearman|editor3-link=Clifford Edmund Bosworth|editor5-link=Wolfhart Heinrichs|editor1-last=Bearman|editor1-first=P.|editor2-last=Bianquis|editor2-first=Th.|editor3-last=Bosworth|editor3-first=C.E.|editor4-last=van Donzel|editor4-first=E.|editor5-last=Heinrichs|editor5-first=W.P.))</ref>

== Biography ==

=== Siege of Tlemcen ===
((See also|Abu Yaqub Yusuf an-Nasr#Siege of Tlemcen))
Five years before his accession to the throne, under the reign of his father Abu Sa'id Uthman I, the [[Marinid dynasty|Marinids]], led by Sultan [[Abu Yaqub Yusuf an-Nasr]], arrived in front the walls of [[Tlemcen]], launching one of the longest sieges in history, which lasted eight years and three months, so much so that the Marinid siege field become a real city, known as al-Mansura.<ref name="EI2">((Cite encyclopedia|year=1991|title=al-Manṣūra|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopaedia of Islam]]|publisher=[[Brill Publishers]]|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/al-mansura-SIM_4944|publication-place=Leiden, Netherlands|edition=2nd|volume=VI|pages=440–441|isbn=9004081127|last1=Marçais|first1=G.|last2=Shatzmiller|first2=M.|editor1-link=Peri Bearman|editor3-link=Clifford Edmund Bosworth|editor5-link=Wolfhart Heinrichs|editor1-last=Bearman|editor1-first=P.|editor2-last=Bianquis|editor2-first=Th.|editor3-last=Bosworth|editor3-first=C.E.|editor4-last=van Donzel|editor4-first=E.|editor5-last=Heinrichs|editor5-first=W.P.))</ref> Muhammad ascended the throne after the death due to a stroke of his father in 1304, the fifth year of siege. When Muhammad ascended the throne Tlemcen was now exhausted and the population (which was very loyal to zayyanid dynasty and had until then resisted with great courage) began negotiations to reach an agreement for the capitulation, however, Muhammad convinced the city to resist again and he formed a new army and continued the defense.

To try to put away the besiegers, the ambassadors of Abu Zayyan convinced the Nasrid sultan, [[Muhammed III, Sultan of Granada|Muhammad III]], to foment an uprising of a pretender to the Marinid throne, a certain Uthman ibn Idris, who landed in the [[Maghreb]] with a Granadian army and conquered [[Ceuta]] in 1306, proclaimed himself Sultan of Morocco. However, the Sultan Abu Ya'qub ignored the threat that had broken out in the north of his reign, preferring to carry on the siege of Tlemcen, now exhausted, it seemed was going to fall. Uthman ibn idris' troops, unchallenged, managed to conquer the city of [[Asilah]], [[Larache]] and much of Ghomara region.

In May 1307, Sultan Abu Yusuf Ya'qub was assassinated in the field of siege by a [[eunuch]], for unclear reasons, probably for reasons related to internal conspiracies of his harem. He was succeeded by his nephew, [[Abu Thabit Amir|Abu Thabit 'Amir]] who, wisely, chose to end the siege of [[Tlemcen]] to go to face the rebel Uthman ibn Idris in [[Ceuta]].

=== Attempts to restore zayyanid power ===
Immediately after the end of the siege Abu Zayyan Muhammad and his brother Abu Hammou I launched a campaign against the tribes of the eastern part of his kingdom who had supported the enemy; the Tudjin Berbers were forced to submit and pay tribute, the Arab tribes were severely treated and driven back into the desert. On his return to Tlemcen, he devoted himself to repairing the damage caused by the siege, but died shortly afterwards , on 14 April 1308.<ref name="EI2Cour" />

== References ==
((reflist))

((S-start))
((S-hou|[[Zayyanid dynasty|Zayyanid]]))
((S-bef
| before = [[Abu Said Uthman I]]
))
((S-ttl
| title = Sultan of Tlemcen,<br>[[Kingdom of Tlemcen]]
| years = 1304–1308
))
((S-aft
| after = [[Abu Hammu I]]
))
((S-end))

((Rulers of Algeria))

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Zayyan I, Abu))
[[Category:Berber monarchs]]
[[Category:Zayyanid dynasty]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing]]
[[Category:1308 deaths]]
[[Category:13th-century Berber people]]
[[Category:14th-century Berber people]]
[[Category:14th-century monarchs in Africa]]

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