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((Short description|Czech composer))
((more citations needed|date=October 2017))

[[File:Adalbert Gyrowetz.jpg|thumb|Adalbert Gyrowetz]]
'''Vojtěch Matyáš Jírovec''' ('''Adalbert Gyrowetz''') (20 February 1763 &ndash; 19 March 1850) was a [[Bohemia]]n [[composer]]. He mainly wrote instrumental works, with a great production of string quartets and symphonies; his [[opera]]s and [[singspiel]]e numbered more than 30, including ''Semiramide'' (1791), ''Der Augenarzt'' (1811), and ''Robert, oder Die Prüfung'' (1815).

== Biography ==
Gyrowetz was born 20 February 1763 in [[České Budějovice]] (Budweis). His father was the [[choir]]master in the cathedral there, and Adalbert first studied with him. He then travelled to [[Prague]], where he studied law but continued to learn music.

At around this time Gyrowetz was in the employ of Count [[Franz von Fünfkirchen]] in [[Brno]], whose employees were all musicians. Here he started composing (among other things) symphonies, of which he was eventually to write more than 60. In 1785 he moved to [[Vienna]] and met [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]], who performed one of Gyrowetz's symphonies in the same year.<ref>Černušák (1963), p. 613</ref>
From 1786 to around 1793, he travelled throughout Europe. He spent some time in [[Paris]], where he established that some symphonies that had been published as the work of [[Joseph Haydn]] were in fact his work.<ref>Černušák (1963), p. 614</ref>  He spent three years in [[Italy]], meeting [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] in [[Rome]] and studying with [[Nicola Sala]] in [[Naples]]. In 1791 he met Haydn, whom he idolized, in [[London]]. While in London, he was commissioned by [[Johann Peter Salomon]] to compose symphonies to be performed at Salomon's [[Hanover Square Rooms]] concerts.

Gyrowetz moved back to Vienna and in 1804 was appointed Vice-kapellmeister of the Court Theatre. Gyrowetz was an important part of Viennese musical society well into the 1820s and even arranged the piano reduction of Rossini's ''Zelmira'' in 1822. He was one of the pallbearers at Beethoven's funeral in 1827. Gyrowetz died 19 March 1850 in Vienna.

==Selected works==
'''Operas''' (all composed in Vienna unless otherwise stated)
((Div col|colwidth=30em|rules=yes))
*''Semiramis'' (1791 - lost in a London Theatre fire)
*''Selico'' (1804)
*''Mirana, die Königin der Amazonen'' (1806)
*''Agnes Sorel'' (1806)
*''Ida, die büssende'' (1807)
* ''Die Junggesellen-Wirtschaft'' (1807)
* ''Emericke'' (1807)
* ''Die Pagen des Herzogs von Vendôme'' (1808)
* ''Der Sammtrock'' (1809)
* ''Der betrogene Betrüger'' (1810)
* ''Das zugemauerte Fenster'' (1810)
* ''Der Augenarzt'' (1811)
* ''Federica ed Adolfo'' (1812)
* ''Das Winterquartier in America'' (1812)
* ''Robert, oder Die Prüfung'' (1815)
* ''Helene'' (1816)
* ''Die beiden Eremiten'' (1816)
* ''Der Gemahl von ungefähr'' (1816)
* ''Die beiden Savoyarden'' (1817)
* ''Il finto Stanislao'' ([[Milan]], 1818)
* ''Aladin'' (1819)
* ''Das Ständchen'' (1823)
* ''Des Kaisers Genesung'' (1826)
* ''Der blinde Harfner'' (1827)
* ''Der Geburtstag'' (1828)
* ''Der dreizehnte Mantel'' (1829)
* ''Felix und Adele'' (1831)
* ''Hans Sachs im vorgerückten Alter'' (1834 [[Dresden]])
((Div col end))

'''More than 60 symphonies, including''':
((Div col|colwidth=30em|rules=yes))
* Symphony in E-flat major, Op. 0, No. 1
* Symphony in B-flat major, Op. 0, No. 2
* Symphony in D major, Op. 0, No. 3
* Symphony in E-flat major, Op. 6, No. 2, 'Jupiter'
* Symphony in F major, Op. 6, No. 3
* Symphony in E-flat major, Op. 8, 'Great'
* Symphony in D major, Op. 9, No. 1
* Symphony in F major, Op. 9, No. 3
* Symphony in D major, Op. 13, No. 1
* Symphony in C major, Op. 13, No. 3
* Symphony in C major, Op. 23, No. 3 
* Symphony in D major, Op. 24, No. 1
((Div col end))

'''About 60 string quartets, including:'''
((Div col|colwidth=30em|rules=yes))
*Three String Quartets, Op. 1a: C major, G major, B-flat major
*Six String Quartets, Op. 2
*Three String Quartets, Op. 3: D major, G major, E-flat major
*Six String Quartets, Op. 4
*Three String Quartets, Op. 13: D major, C major, E-flat major
*Three String Quartets, Op. 16
*Six String Quartets, Op. 17: F major, G minor, G major
*Three String Quartets, Op. 19: (No. 2 also for Flute Quartet)
*Three String Quartets, Op. 25: D major, 
*Three String Quartets, Op. 29: E-flat major, G major,
*Three String Quartets, Op. 30 
*Three String Quartets, Op. 42: D major, F major, C minor
*Three String Quartets, Op. 44: G major, B-flat major, A-flat major

((Div col end))

'''40 Piano Sonatas with Violin and Violoncello accompaniment, including:'''
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*Three Piano Trios, op. 10: A major, B-flat major, E-flat major
*Three Piano Trios, op. 14: C major, F major, D major 
*Three Piano Trios, op. 15 
*Three Piano Trios, op. 18: G major, B-flat major, E-flat major
*Three Piano Trios, op. 20: A major, F major, C minor
*Three Piano Trios, op. 22: G major, B-flat major, E-flat major
*Three Piano Trios, op. 23: D major, C major, E-flat major
*Three Piano Trios, op. 34: F major
*Three Piano Trios, op. 41: B-flat major, G major, D major (1800)
*Two Piano Trios, op. 45: B-flat major, D minor (1800)
*Divertimento for Piano Trio, op. 50
*Three Piano Trios, op. 51: F major, C major, A major
*Three Piano Trios, op. 55: D major, G major, F major
*Divertimento for Piano Trio, op. 57
((Div col end))

'''12 Nocturnes for Piano with violin and violoncello accompaniment'''
*Nocturne for Piano, op. 21 in D major (1797)
*Nocturne in B-flat major (no. 4), E-flat major (no. 5), C major (no. 7), G major (no. 9), F major (no. 10)

'''Other miscellaneous chamber music, including:'''
((Div col|colwidth=30em|rules=yes))
*Six Flute Trios, Op. 4 or 6 or 11 (?)
*Adagio for Oboe and Orchestra, Op. 9
*Three Flute Quartets, Op. 11 (1795): D major, G major, C major 
*Piano Concerto in F, Op. 26 (1796)
*Dritte Nachtmusik/Nocturne No. 3 for Flute Quartet, Op. 26
*Flute Quintet in E minor, Op. 39 (1800)
*Grand Trio Concertante in E-flat major for Clarinet, Cello and Piano, Op. 43
*String Quintet in C major (2 violins, 2 violas, and cello), Op. 45
*Piano Concerto in B flat, Op. 49 (1800)
*Variations faciles sur la marche de l'opéra Raoul Barbe-Bleue pour piano
((Div col end))

==Recordings==
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* [http://www.discogs.com/Adalbert-Gyrowetz-London-Mozart-Players-Matthias-Bamert-Symphonies/release/2771883 Symphony In E-flat Major and F Major, Op. 6 Nº. 2 and 3]
* [http://www.discogs.com/Adalbert-Gyrowetz-Ensemble-Agora-Three-Flute-Quartets-Op11-Nos-1-3/release/2771855 Three Flute Quartets. Op. 11. Nº 1, 2 and 3]
* [http://www.discogs.com/Adalbert-Gyrowetz-London-Mozart-Players-Matthias-Bamert-Symphonies/release/2771883 Symphony In D Major, Op. 12 Nº. 1]
* [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Gyrowetz-String-Quartets-Quartett-777770-2/dp/B00BEMUXLY Three String Quartets. Op. 29 Nº. 2; Op. 13 Nº. 1; Op. 29 Nº. 1  (2013)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110904211003/http://www.nonprofitmusic.org/documents/148.html Grand Trio Concertante. Op. 43]
* [http://www.discogs.com/Adalbert-Gyrowetz-Salomon-String-Quartet-Three-String-Quartets-Op44-1804/release/2790817 Three String Quartets. Op. 44]
((Div col end))

==References==
'''Notes'''
((Reflist))
'''Sources'''
*((cite book |title=Československý hudební slovník osob a institucí |volume=I. A-L |editor-last1=Černušák |editor-first1=Gracián |editor-last2=Štědroň| editor-first2=Bohumír |editor-last3= Nováček |editor-first3=Zdenko |year=1963 |publisher=Státní hudební vydavatelství |location=Prague |language=cs, sk))
*Gyrowetz, Adalbert, "Autobiography", 1848, published by [[Alfred Einstein]] in 1915; Czech translation, ''Vlastní životopis Vojtěcha Jírovce'', by [[František Bartoš (folklorist)|František Bartoš]] published in 1940 by [[František Topič]]; English translation by Renee Anna Illa, Ph. D. dissertation, Kent State University, 2000.
*Hettrick, William E., "The Autobiography of Adalbert Gyrowetz (1763 - 1850)." ''Studien zur Musikwissenschaft'' 40 (1991), pp.&nbsp;41–74.
*Kennedy, Michael and Bourne, Joyce, Eds. ''Oxford Concise Dictionary of Music'', Fourth Edition, 1996 (2004 reprint with new information in some entries). Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. ((ISBN|0-19-860884-5)). p.&nbsp;311.
*Smith, Gary, [https://web.archive.org/web/20101219003706/http://mozartforum.com/Contemporary%20Pages/Gyrowetz_Contemp.htm Adalbert Gyrowetz (1763-1850)], ''Mozart Forum'', 2004.
*Adalbert Gyrowetz: Divertissement for Piano, Violin/Flute, Cello, Op. 50, Lippstadt: Kistner & Siegel, 1950.
*Eisen, Cliff, ed., Adalbert Gyrowetz: String Quintet in C, A-R Editions, 1998.
*Mullerova, Vera, ed., Adalbert Gyrowetz: 12 Walzer, Prague: Edition Praga, 1969/1998.
*[[Nancy November|November, Nancy]], ed., Adalbert Gyrowetz: Three Quartets, Op. 29, Steglein, 2016.
*Rice, John A., ed., Adalbert Gyrowetz: Four Symphonies (in C, F, Eb, D), New York: Garland, 1983.
*Sutcliffe, W. Dean, ed., Adalbert Gyrowetz: Three Quartets, Op. 44, Steglein, 2004.
*Sutcliffe, W. Dean, ed., Adalbert Gyrowetz: Three Quartets, Op. 42, Steglein, 2016.

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160305022001/http://www.haydn.dk/mhc_gyrowetz.php The Michael Haydn Project] Information on the lesser-known composers of the Classical Era
* ((IMSLP|id=Gyrowetz, Adalbert))

((Classical period (music)))
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((DEFAULTSORT:Gyrowetz, Adalbert))
[[Category:1763 births]]
[[Category:1850 deaths]]
[[Category:Austrian people of Czech descent]]
[[Category:Ballet composers]]
[[Category:Austrian opera composers]]
[[Category:Austrian Classical-period composers]]
[[Category:Czech Classical-period composers]]
[[Category:Austrian male classical composers]]
[[Category:Male opera composers]]
[[Category:Musicians from České Budějovice]]
[[Category:Czech opera composers]]
[[Category:Czech male classical composers]]
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[[Category:18th-century Austrian male musicians]]
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