Haryana, formed on 1 November 1966, is a state in North India. For the administrative purpose, Haryana is divided into 6 revenue divisions which are further divided into 22 districts. For Law and Order maintenance, it is divided into 5 Police Ranges and 4 Police Commissionerates.[1][2][3][4][5]
Administration of Haryana is divided into Revenue divisions composed of districts. Districts are further subdivided in to tehsils of the revenue administration and the Community development blocks for the development work.
Haryana has 6 administrative divisions, 22 districts, 73 sub-divisions, 93 revenue tehsils, 50 sub-tehsils, 142 community development blocks, 154 cities and towns, 7,030 villages and 6234 villages panchayats.[6][failed verification]
| Divisions | Districts |
|---|---|
| Ambala | Ambala, Kurukshetra, Panchkula, Yamuna Nagar |
| Faridabad | Faridabad, Palwal, Nuh |
| Gurugram | Gurugram, Mahendragarh, Rewari |
| Hisar | Fatehabad, Jind, Hisar, Sirsa |
| Rohtak | Jhajjar, Charkhi Dadri, Rohtak, Sonipat, Bhiwani |
| Karnal | Karnal, Panipat, Kaithal |
Haryana Power Generation Corporation is responsible for producing and procuring power,[7][8] and following two Government of Haryana PSUs are responsible for the distribution of electricity to the consumers and industries in the south and north zone respectively:
There are 6 command areas based on the systems of arterial supply canal and its end user branches and feeders.
Police commissionerates of Haryana, total 4 in number, are as follows (c. January 2022):[11][12][5]
| Commissionerate | Urban area |
|---|---|
| Faridabad Commissionerate | Faridabad |
| Gurugram Commissionerate | Gurugram |
| Panchkula Commissionerate | Panchkula |
| Sonipat Commissionerate | Sonipat |
Police ranges of Haryana, total 5 in number, each headed by an officer not below the rank of ADG of Police reporting to the Director General of Police, are as follows (c. September 2018):[13]
| # | Police range | Districts |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ambala | Ambala |
| Yamunanagar | ||
| Kurukshetra | ||
| 2 | Hisar | Hisar |
| Hansi (Police District) | ||
| Fatehabad | ||
| Sirsa | ||
| Jind | ||
| 3 | Karnal | Karnal |
| Panipat | ||
| Kaithal | ||
| 4 | South | Mahendragarh |
| Rewari | ||
| Palwal | ||
| Nuh | ||
| 5 | Rohtak | Rohtak |
| Jhajjar | ||
| Bhiwani | ||
| Charkhi Dadri |
For electing the national-level Government of India, there are 10 Lok Sabha constituencies in Haryana. Current Lok Sabha constituencies in Haryana are: Ambala, Bhiwani–Mahendragarh, Faridabad, Gurgaon, Hisar, Karnal, Kurukshetra, Rohtak, Sirsa, and Sonipat.
|
Main article: List of constituencies of the Haryana Legislative Assembly |
For electing the state-level Government of Haryana, there are 90 Vidhan Sabha constituencies of Haryana Legislative Assembly, of which 17 are reserved constituencies for the scheduled castes.
|
Main article: Administrative divisions of wildlife and forests department of Haryana |
Principal Chief Conservator of Forests head the Forests Department, Haryana, there are separate two divisions each for wildlife and forests:
There are 2 Forests Protections zone and 4 Forests circles/divisions, i.e. 2 circles per zone.[14]
There are two Wildlife zones, each headed by the Chief Conservator of Wildlife.[14]
See List of national parks and wildlife sanctuaries of Haryana.
Haryana is bounded by the Shivalik (Himalaya's foothills) in the northeast, Yamuna in the east which enters Haryana in the northeast from Shivalik hills and it forms the natural border between Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, Aravalli in South Haryana which also includes Mewat and Ahirawal as well as parts of Vedic era region of Braj and Matsya, Bagar tract in the west along the Haryana-Rajasthan border, and in the north it is bounded by the channel of Ghaggar River (paleo Sarasvati River, including its tributary present day Chautang which is paleo channel of vedic era Drishadvati river) along Haryana-Punjab border.
Regions, clockwise from northeast, are as follows.
Areas of Haryana lying in Siwalik Hills range, i.e. northern parts of Panchkula and Yamunanagar district as well as Naraingarh tehsil of Ambala.
GT Road belt is the geographical area on either side of the Grand Trunk Road from Delhi to Ambala. Upland areas around Indri north of Karnal is called Nardak. The road itself lies inside the unflooded Bangar area roughly along the demarcation between Yamuna bangar and Yamuna Khadir. GT Road is a new term for the ancient vedic era route which was later rehabilitated by Ashoka (268 to 232 BCE), Harsha (c. 590–647 CE), and Sher Shah Suri (1486 – 22 May 1545), etc.
Yamuna Bangar in Yamuna basin is the upland area of Haryana which does not get flooded. Northern end of it is called Nardak.
Deshwal region of Haryana covers the districts of Panipat, Sonipat, Rohtak, Jhajjar, southern part of Jind. Sometimes, its definition is widened to include the southwest Kurukshetra, southern Kaithal, non-bagar tracts of Hisar and Bhiwani as well as Charkhi Dadri. Deshwal region covers both bangar and Khadir areas. The area within Deshwal to the east of Grant Trunk Road is called Deshwali khadir which gets flooded and the unflooded area to the west of Grant Trunk Road in Deshwal region is called Deshwali khadir. Comparatively, a much larger area of Deshwal in Haryana is bangar (unflooded upland) area.
Nardak ("high tract" or bangar) is a region in western and northern parts of Karnal district in northeastern area of Haryana state of India. All definitions of this area include Assandh, Nissing and Nilokheri Community Development Blocks (CDB) in western and northern parts of Karnal district, and it ends in the north of Karnal city at Indri where Nardak, Khadir and Bangar areas of Yamuna river basin meet.[15] Nardak is a title of the Kurukshetra from the words "Nirdukh", meaning the "painless".[16] Nardak is the high tract, hence a sub-region of bangar (unflooded) region of Yamuna river.
During the Vedic era, it was part of Kuru janapada, hence presently has many Mahabharata era tirthas which are part of the wider 48 Kos Parikrama of Kurukshetra. Presently, Nardak area lies on either side of Grand Trunk Road.
Khadir (खादर) is any low-lying floodplains of a river usually relatively narrower compared to unflooded bangar area. Khadar areas are prone to flooding and sometimes include portions of former river-beds that became available for agriculture when a river changes course. It is moisture retentive and sticky when wet.[17][18] Khadir soil consists of new alluvial soil relatively higher in new silt content from the river, gets replenished with each flooding cycle, and is often very fertile.[18] Haryana has two such floodplains, Yamuna Khadir and Nali.
Yamuna Khadir, or simply Khadir, is a fertile floodland area lying between the Yamuna river and the Grand Trunk Road, i.e. eastern parts of Sonepat, Panipat, Karnal and Kurukshetra as well as southeastern Yamunanagr district.
Areas of Haryana lying in Aravalli hills range mostly fall within Ahirwal and Mewat regions.
Bagar region or Bagad (बागड़), from "Bar" meaning the dry country,[19] refers to the area where Bagri language is spoken by majority of population characterised by sandy tract of north-western India and eastern Pakistan bordering Rajasthan, India which are now transformated into fertile tracts, irrigated by Bhakhra canal, Indira Gandhi Canal, Gang canal in India.[20] In Haryana, it covers Sirsa district (earlier known as Bhattiana), and western villages of Fatehabad, Hisar district, Bhiwani district and Charkhi Dadri district.[21][22] in Rajasthan it covers Anupgarh district, Sri Ganganagar district; Hanumangarh district; Taranagar tehsil in Churu district.[21][23] Bhattiana, a historical region ruled by the Bhati Rajputs in the past, is a part of bagar region covering Sirsa and Fatehabad district. Chak, type of villages, were established in the northern part of this tract along the canal network during British raj. Smaller settlements in the farms are called dhani.
This area lies in the Ghaggar-Chautang doab in northwestern Haryana bounded by Narvana, Hansi, Hisar and Ellenabad. It is considered as one of the most productive farmland areas in Haryana with a high yield of wheat, rice, mustard, kinnow, green leafy vegetables and cotton especially.
Bangar is the area which remains unflooded and Nali (also called Khadir) is area which gets flooded during the rainy season.
These are areas along either side of Ghaggar, which does not get flooded. It lie in the district of Jind (Narwana), Fatehabad, north Hisar and Sirsa. This basin has numerous Sarasvati-Indus Valley civilization sites.
Nali area, or simply Nali (नाळी), is the fertile floodland Khadir area in Fatehabad and Sirsa districts between the Ghaggar river and the southern limits of the Saraswati palaeochannel depression that gets flooded during the rains.[24] It includes areas such as Sardulgarh on Punjab-Haryana Border, Rori, Mirpur, Panniwala Motta, Rania, Jiwan Nagar and Ellenabad in Sirsa District and Tibi of adjacent Tibi tehsil in Hanumangarh District of Rajasthan. Parts of this also lie in Narwana (north Jind region). Kunal is an important Sarasvati-Indus Valley civilization site on the paleo bank of Sarasvati (Ghaggar) river.
This area lies in the Ghaggar-Chautang doab in northwestern Haryana.
The area which get flooded along and either side of Chautang include area in the tehsils of Jind, Hansi, Hisar, Bawani Khera, Siwani,
The area which get flooded along Chautang include low lying areas of Jind, Hansi, Hisar. This is the paleo channel of Drishadvati. The Sarasvati-Indus Valley civilization sites on the paleo channel of Drishadvati are Rakhigarhi, Lohari Ragho, Banawali and Sothi which lies in the western Haryana districts of Hisar, Fatehabad and Sirsa.
HSIIDC has developed at least 11 specialised "Industrial Clusters and Theme Parks", 24 "Industrial Estate (IE)" (each with an area larger than at least 1500 acres), "Industrial Model Township (IMT)" (smaller than 1500 acres), and an IT Park (denoted by double asterisk or star symbol). Haryana has at least 24 IEs, 7 IMT, an IT Park, and several Integrated Multimodel Logistics Hubs (IMLH) in the state of Haryana.[25][26]
See the list of 30+ industrial estates and townships spread across Haryana.
Doab (interfluve) is land lying between two confluent rivers[27][28][29]
The modern military history commenced with British colonial rule when George Thomas established modern European style army in 1798 to 1801,[30][31] and later Colonel James Skinner (1778 – 4 December 1841) the Anglo-Indian military adventurer in India founded 1st Skinner's Horse and 3rd Skinner's Horse at Asigarh Fort at Hansi in 1803 which is now part of the Indian Army.[32][33]
This is a partial list, please help expand.
Haryana State Directorate of Archaeology & Museums and Haryana Tourism are responsible for archaeology and tourism in Haryana respectively.
Haryana has 6 civil and 2 military aviation zones / airports. See airports in Haryana.
There are many existing and proposed Integrated Multimodel Logistics Hubs (IMLH) in the state of Haryana including the following existing IMLH with containerised road and rail facilities and/or air facilities (denoted by asterisk):[25]
Parts of the following 3 zones and their 5 subordinate divisions of Indian Railways fall within Haryana:
.png){kind=small}
