| Ahmad Alaq | |
|---|---|
| Khan | |
| Khan of the Eastern Moghulistan | |
| Reign | 1487-1504 |
| Coronation | 1487 |
| Predecessor | Yunus Khan |
| Successor | Mansur Khan |
| Born | 1465 |
| Died | January or February 1504 Aksu |
| Spouse | Sahib Daulat Begum |
| Issue | |
| House | Borjigin |
| Dynasty | Chagataids |
| Father | Yunus Khan |
| Mother | Shah Begum |
Ahmad Alaq (Uyghur: أحمد) (1465 – 1504 winter) was the Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (Turpan Khanate) from 1487 to 1504. He was the second son of Yunus Khan. His mother was Shah Begum, fourth daughter of Badakhshan prince Lali.
Ahmad Alaq was a direct male-line descendant of Genghis Khan, through his son Chagatai Khan.
During his father's lifetime Ahmad was behind several rebellions against him. When Yunus Khan took up residence in Tashkent in 1484, Ahmad and a large body of Moghuls fled to the steppes. In 1487, Ahmad's father died and was succeeded in the territory he still controlled by another son, Mahmud Khan.
Ahmad's reign was marked by conflicts with several of his neighbors. Conflict in the Ming Turpan Border Wars over Hami with the Ming Dynasty China resulted in an economic blockade of the region, which allowed the Chinese to eventually emerge victorious. A campaign against the Mirza Abu Bakr Dughlat, of the Dughlats of the South-West Tarim Basin, who were in theory vassals of the Moghul khans, resulted in the temporary acquisition of Kashgar in around 1499. In the same year he concluded Peace Agreement with Ming China that gave him opportunity to launch three expeditions against the Kalmyks in Northern part of Moghulistan ( Jettisu ), who occupied this region since reign of Esen Taishi and his son Amasanji Taishi . Ahmad twice completely defeated them. Because he slaughtered many Kalmyks during these expeditions he was nicknamed Alacha , i.e. Slaughterer.
In the early 16th century, Ahmad and Mahmud decided to counter the growing power of the Uzbeks under Muhammad Shaybani. The two brothers united the forces and launched a campaign against the Uzbeks, but Muhammad Shaybani proved victorious in battle and took them both prisoner (Babur also was among his uncles' army and participated in this battle in Ferghana Valley, that had turned into disaster, but managed to flee south and hide in mountains with his mother, Kutluk Nigar Khanum, daughter of Yunus Khan, and few followers). They were soon released, but Ahmad died shortly afterwards, in 1504. He was succeeded in Uyghurstan by his eldest son Mansur Khan.
According to Mirza Muhammad Haidar, Dughlat he had 19 sons total, most prominent of whom were:
He had four daughters:
Genealogy of Chughatai Khanates
In Babr Nama written by Babur, Page 19, Chapter 1; described genealogy of his maternal grandfather Yunas Khan as:
"Yunas Khan descended from Chaghatai Khan, the second son of Chingiz Khan (as follows,) Yunas Khan, son of Wais Khan, son of Sher-'ali Aughlon, son of Muhammad Khan, son of Khizr Khwaja Khan, son of Tughluq-timur Khan, son of Aisan-bugha Khan, son of Dawa Khan, son of Baraq Khan, son of Yesuntawa Khan, son of Muatukan, son of Chaghatai Khan, son of Chingiz Khan"
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