al-Masmiyya al-Saghira
المسمية الصغيرة Masmiyyat al-Hurani al-Huraniyya | |
|---|---|
Village | |
.jpg) 1870s map .jpg) 1940s map.jpg) modern map .jpg) 1940s with modern overlay mapA series of historical maps of the area around Al-Masmiyya al-Saghira (click the buttons) | |
  al-Masmiyya al-Saghira Location within Mandatory Palestine | |
| Coordinates: 31°45′10″N 34°47′56″E / 31.75278°N 34.79889°E | |
| Palestine grid | 131/128 |
| Geopolitical entity | Mandatory Palestine |
| Subdistrict | Gaza |
| Date of depopulation | July 8–9, 1948[3] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 6,478 dunams (6.478 km2 or 2.501 sq mi) |
| Population (1945) | |
| • Total | 530[1][2] |
| Cause(s) of depopulation | Military assault by Yishuv forces |
| Current Localities | Masmiya Bet,[4] Kfar HaRif[5] |
Al-Masmiyya al-Saghira (Arabic: المسمية الصغيرة), also known as Mamsiyyat al-Hurani, was a Palestinian Arab village in the Gaza Subdistrict, located 42 kilometers (26 mi) northeast of Gaza. Established in the 19th century,[5] it was situated at an elevation of 60 meters (200 ft) in the southern coastal plain of Ottoman Syria. Al-Masmiyya al-Saghira was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, but prior to that, in 1945, it had a population of 530 inhabitants.[5]
Al-Masmiyya al-Saghira was established in the second half of the 19th century by al-Hurani clan who had lived in the adjacent al-Masmiyya al-Kabira, but left because of feuds with other residents. Thus, the village was also known as "Masmiyyat al-Hurani". The adjectival Saghira means "minor" in Arabic and was used to differentiate it from al-Mamsiyya al-Kabira, the latter word meaning "major".[5]
In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Mesmiyet Saghira had a population of 261 inhabitants, all Muslims,[6] increasing in the 1931 census when Masmiya El Saghira had an all-Muslim population of 354 in 73 houses.[7]
In the 1945 statistics the population of El Masmiya es Sagira was 530 Muslims,[1] while the total land area was 6,478 dunams, according to an official land and population survey.[2] Of this, a total of 147 dunams were used for citrus and bananas, 7 for plantations and irrigable land, 6,126 for cereals,[8] while 18 dunams were built-up areas.[9]
Seven small shops provided the village with its basic needs and children attended school in al-Masmiyya al-Kabira. Agriculture was the mainstay of the economy, grain being the dominant crop. In addition to cultivation, the inhabitants raised livestock which numbered approximately 4,000 animals, including sheep, goats, cattle, camels, mules. Farmers participated in the weekly market of al-Faluja, and also sold their products in the cities of Gaza, al-Majdal (Ashkelon), and Jaffa.[5]
The circumstances of al-Masmiyya al-Saghira's capture by Israel was identical to those of its sister village, al-Masmiyya al-Kabira which was occupied by the Givati Brigade on July 8–9, 1948. Israeli historian Benny Morris writes that the military operation was undertaken occurred in the ten days between the first two truces of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and that it "precipitated the evacuation of the village". Following the war the area was incorporated into the State of Israel and the moshav of Kfar HaRif was established on al-Masmiyya al-Saghira's lands in 1956. According to Walid Khalidi: "Virtually no trace of the village remains, and the site is overgrown with weeds, tall grasses, and a scattering of eucalyptus trees".[5]
