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((short description|American film actor (1892–1963)))
((More citations needed|date=March 2014))
((Infobox person
| name = Al St. John
| image = Al St. John in Who's Who on the Screen.jpg
| imagesize = 210px
| caption = ''Who's Who on the Screen'', 1920
| birthname = Alfred St. John
| birth_date = ((Birth date|1892|9|10|mf=y))
| birth_place = [[Santa Ana, California]], US
| death_date = ((Death date and age|1963|1|21|1892|9|10|mf=y))
| death_place = [[Lyons, Georgia]], US
| occupation = ((hlist|Actor|comedian|stunt performer|director|writer))
| years_active = 1912–1962
| spouse = ((plainlist|
* ((marriage|Lillian Marion Ball|1914|1923|end=div))
* ((marriage|June Price Pearce|1926|1957))
* Yvonne St. John<br />Flo-Bell Moore<ref>((cite web| url= http://www.b-westerns.com/pals-asj.htm | title= Al St. John marital history| website= b-westerns.com| publisher= | date= |accessdate= March 11, 2014))</ref>
))
| children = 1
| relatives = [[Roscoe Arbuckle|Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle]] (uncle)
))
'''Al St. John''' (also credited as '''Al Saint John''' and '''"Fuzzy" St. John'''; September 10, 1892 – January 21, 1963) was an early American motion-picture comedian. He was a nephew of [[silent film]] star [[Roscoe Arbuckle|Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle]], with whom he often performed on screen. St. John was employed by [[Mack Sennett]] and also worked with many other leading players such as [[Charlie Chaplin]], [[Buster Keaton]] and [[Mabel Normand]]. His film career successfully transitioned from the silent era into [[Sound film|sound]], and by the late 1930s and 1940s he was working predominantly in [[Western (genre)|Westerns]], often portraying the scruffy comedy-relief character "Fuzzy Q. Jones".<ref>((Cite web |title=Al St. John |url=https://projects.latimes.com/hollywood/star-walk/al-st-john/ |access-date=2023-01-21 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]] |language=en))</ref> Among his notable performances in that role are in the "[[Billy the Kid (film series)|Billy the Kid]]" series of films released by the [[Producers Releasing Corporation]] from 1940 to 1946 and in that company's "[[The Lone Rider Rides On|Lone Rider]]" series from 1941 to 1943.

==Early life, family and education==
((expand-section| date= January 2022))
Alfred St. John was born in [[Santa Ana, California]]. He was the only child of parents Walter St. John, who supported the family initially as a farm laborer and later as a house builder, and Nora N. St. John (née Arbuckle), who was the older sister of actor [[Roscoe Arbuckle|Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle]]. His uncle Roscoe was five years older than Alfred.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/motionpicturestu00johnrich/page/202/mode/2up?q=Al+St.+John "St. John, Al"], ''Motion Picture Studio Directory and Trade Annual, 1921''. New York: Motion Picture News, Inc., 1921, p. 203. [[Internet Archive]], San Francisco. Retrieved February 7, 2021.</ref><ref>"Twelfth Census of the United States: 1900", digital image of original enumeration page, St. John household, 18 June 1900, San Jose Township [[Pamona]] City Ward 5, Los Angeles, California; "Thirteenth Census of the United States: 1910", image of original enumeration page, 19 April 1910, District 75, 91, Los Angeles, California; Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C. [[FamilySearch]] Archives.</ref> In Los Angeles, he lived in the fashionable [[West Adams, Los Angeles|West Adams]] district at 4300 Victoria Park Drive in the neighborhood of [[Victoria Park, Los Angeles|Victoria Park]].<ref>((cite book |last1=Fleming |first1=E.J. |title=The Movieland Directory |date=24 August 2010 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RnIwCgAAQBAJ&dq=%22victoria+Park%22+%22los+angeles%22&pg=PA411 |publisher=McFarland, Incorporated |isbn=9780786443376 |access-date=11 August 2023))</ref>

==Career==
[[File:Barney Oldfield's Race for a Life.jpg|thumb|''[[Barney Oldfield]]'s A Race for a Life'' (1913) with left to right: [[Hank Mann]], [[Ford Sterling]], Al St. John and in the foreground [[Mabel Normand]]]]
[[File:KeystoneKops.jpg|thumb|Left: Ford Sterling as Keystone Cops Police chief [seated}; 4th from right: Al St John in ''[[In the Clutches of the Gang]]'' (1914)]]
[[File:OutWest1918-01.jpg|thumb|right|220px|St. John (right) with [[Buster Keaton]] and [[Roscoe Arbuckle]] in ''[[Out West (1918 film)|Out West]]'' (1918)]]
Young "Al" entered silent films in 1911 to work as an [[extra (theater)|extra]] and in minor character roles. Soon, however, he graduated to co-starring and then to starring roles in comedy [[Short film|shorts]] for a variety of studios.<ref name="AzRep63">"Al St. John Veteran Film Comic Dies", extended obituary, ''[[The Arizona Republic]]'' (Phoenix), 22 January 1963, p. 24. ProQuest.</ref>

St. John frequently appeared as Arbuckle's mischievously villainous rival for the attentions of leading ladies such as [[Mabel Normand]] and [[Minta Durfee]]. He worked with Arbuckle and [[Charles Chaplin]] in ''[[The Rounders (1914 film)|The Rounders]]'' (1914), although his most critically praised film during this period with Arbuckle remains ''[[Fatty and Mabel Adrift]]'' (1916). In France, he was billed as "Picratt."<ref>((cite book |last1=Sweeney |first1=Kevin W. |title=Buster Keaton Interviews |date=2007 |publisher=University Press of Mississippi |location=Jackson |isbn=978-1-57806-963-7 |pages=152 ))</ref>

[[File:Al St. John.jpg|thumb|right|210px|As Fatty's rival "Al Clove" in ''[[Love (1919 American film)|Love]]'' (1919)]]

When Arbuckle formed his own production company, he brought St. John with him and recruited stage star [[Buster Keaton]] into his films, creating a formidable roughhouse trio.<ref>Eagan, Daniel. "More on Fatty Arbuckle: His Films and His Legacy". ''Smithsonian Magazine'', November 16, 2011. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Retrieved February 8, 2021.</ref> After Arbuckle was involved in a [[Roscoe Arbuckle#Scandal|widely publicized scandal that prevented him from appearing in movies]], he pseudonymously directed his nephew Al as a comic [[leading man]] in silent and sound films such as ''The Iron Mule'' (1925) and ''Bridge Wives'' (1932). Dozens of St. John's early films were screened during the 56-film [[Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle|Arbuckle]] retrospective at the [[Museum of Modern Art]] in [[New York City]] in 2006.((cn|date= January 2022))

As St. John's screen career continued through the 1930s, he was increasingly cast as scruffy, bearded comic characters. He appears, for example, in this type of role in Buster Keaton's 1937 comedy short ''[[Love Nest on Wheels]]'', portraying the [[hillbilly]] character Uncle Jed.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20181230062954/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b73c62128 "Love Nest on Wheels (1937)"], cast credits, catalogue, [[British Film Institute]], London. Retrieved February 7, 2021.</ref> That same year he began supporting cowboy stars Fred Scott and later Jack Randall, but most of his films were made for [[Poverty Row]] studio [[Producers Releasing Corporation]] (PRC). For that studio, he played "Fuzzy Q. Jones" in the ''[[Billy the Kid (film series)|Billy the Kid]]'' series starring [[Bob Steele (actor)|Bob Steele]], the ''Lone Rider'' series (starring [[George F. Houston|George Houston]] and later Bob Livingston), and the ''Billy the Kid/Billy Carson'' series starring [[Buster Crabbe]].

[[File:Buster Crabbe-Al St. John in Shadows of Death.jpg|thumb|right|[[Buster Crabbe]] (left) with St. John in ''[[Shadows of Death]]'' (1945)]]

The name "Fuzzy" originally belonged to a different actor, [[Fuzzy Knight|John Forrest “Fuzzy“ Knight]], who took on the role of "cowboy sidekick" before St. John. The studio first intended to hire Knight for the Western series, but then gave the role to St. John, who took on the nickname of his rival for his screen character.<ref>Corneau, Ernest. ''Hall of Fame of Western Film Stars''. Christopher Publishing, 1969, p. 235.</ref>

Exhibitors loved Fuzzy, who could be counted on to attract moviegoers. Fuzzy's character was the main box-office draw in these films when shown in England and Europe. These ultra-low-budget Westerns took only a bit more than a week to film, so that Crabbe and St. John made 36 films together in a surprisingly short time. When Crabbe left PRC (according to interviews, in disgust at the productions' increasingly low budgets), St. John was paired with new star [[Lash LaRue]]. Ultimately, St. John performed in more than 80 Westerns as Fuzzy.

St. John also created a character, "Stoney," in the film ''[[The Law of the 45's]]'' that later appeared, but played by different actors (including [[John Wayne]]), in the continuing Western film series ''[[The Three Mesquiteers]]''.<ref>Pitts, Michael R. ''Poverty Row Studios, 1929-1940: An Illustrated History of 55 Independent Film Companies, with a Filmography for Each'' McFarland, 2005, pp. 52-53.</ref>

St. John acted in more than 350 films during his screen career, which spanned the years 1911 through 1952.

==Final years==
For a decade after the end of his motion-picture career, he made assorted personal appearances at fairs, rodeos, on television, and at overseas US [[military base]]s. He also performed with traveling live-action productions such as the Tommy Scott [[Wild West Show]].<ref name="AtCon63">"Al St. John, Western Star, Dies in Lyons", ''[[The Atlanta Journal-Constitution|The Atlanta Constitution]]'', 22 January 1963, p. 32. [[ProQuest]] Historical Newspapers, Ann Arbor, Michigan; subscription access through The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Library.</ref> 

St. John's death on January 21, 1963, occurred while he was touring with Scott. According to his obituaries, he suffered a massive [[heart attack]] at a [[motel]] in [[Lyons, Georgia]], as he prepared for a special appearance at a nearby [[American Legion]] club. It was also widely reported in news accounts that the 70-year-old veteran entertainer died at the motel "in the arms of his wife, Flo-Bell Moore".<ref name="AtCon63"/><ref name="LA63">"Al St. John, Western Film Comic, Dies", obituary ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', 22 January 1963, p. 4. ProQuest.</ref> After a private funeral service in Lyons, St. John's body was sent to [[Macon, Georgia]] for cremation. His ashes were then transferred to [[Homosassa Springs, Florida]], where they were "deposited" at Fuzzy and Flo-Bell's permanent residence on the couple's "Double F Ranch".<ref name="AzRep63"/>

==Filmography==
*[[Al St. John filmography]]

==References==
((reflist))

==Further reading==
* Copeland, Bobby J. ''Fuzzy St. John: Our Fuzzy Q. Jones''. Madison, North Carolina: Empire Publishing Company, 2010; ((ISBN|978-0-944019-57-3)).
* Rothel, David. ''Those Great Cowboy Sidekicks''. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, 1984 ((ISBN|0810817071)).

==External links==
((Commons category|Al St. John))
*[http://www.alstjohn.net Official website ] Run by the Estate of Al St. John
*[http://www.b-westerns.com/pals-asj.htm "Saddle Pals & Sidekicks: Al 'Fuzzy' St. John", Old Corral Website]
*((IMDb name|0820607))
*[http://www.virtual-history.com/movie/person/1518/al-st-john Al St. John] at Virtual History
*((YouTube|xYvtYkCQEXI|Al St. John in ''Bridge Wives''))

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:St. John, Alfred))
[[Category:1892 births]]
[[Category:1963 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American comedians]]
[[Category:20th-century American male actors]]
[[Category:American male comedians]]
[[Category:American male film actors]]
[[Category:American male silent film actors]]
[[Category:Comedians from California]]
[[Category:Male Western (genre) film actors]]
[[Category:People from Lyons, Georgia]]
[[Category:People from Santa Ana, California]]
[[Category:Silent film comedians]]

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