You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

This IP address has been blocked from editing Wikipedia.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

The IP address or range 18.208.0.0/16 has been blocked (disabled) by ‪ST47‬ for the following reason(s):

The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts may be blocked from editing Wikipedia.
You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN.
We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in.
If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption.

How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a web host's IP address:
If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: ((unblock|reason=Caught by a web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~)). You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host.

Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and they should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator.

This block will expire on 01:01, 24 April 2026.

Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page, as well as email administrators and other editors.

For information on how to proceed, please read the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful.

Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked
Your IP address is in a range that has been blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis. The block was made by ‪AntiCompositeNumber‬. The reason given is Open proxy/Webhost: See the help page if you are affected .
- Start of block: 15:08, 30 August 2023
- Expiry of block: 15:08, 30 August 2025
Your current IP address is 18.208.109.86. The blocked range is 18.208.0.0/16. Please include all above details in any queries you make. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

You can view and copy the source of this page:

((short description|Dynasty of the Goths))
((multiple issues|
((no-footnotes|date=November 2015))
((cleanup|date=January 2017|reason=The article uncritically repeats a lot of claims that have been much disputed or even refuted in postwar scholarship (refer to Heather 1991, Kulikowski 2006 for starters), such as the equivalence of the Greuthungi and the Ostrogoths and the claim that Ermanaric was an Amal -- note that Jordanes is a very problematic source (for many reasons shown by Heather).))
))

The '''Amali''' – also called '''Amals''', '''Amalings''' or '''Amalungs''' – were a leading [[dynasty]] of the [[Goths]], a [[Germanic tribes|Germanic people]] who confronted the [[Roman Empire]] during the [[decline of the Western Roman Empire]].<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/amal-amali/about/background|title=FamilyTreeDNA – Genetic Testing for Ancestry, Family History & Genealogy|publisher=FamilyTreeDNA|language=en|access-date=2019-10-24))</ref> They eventually became the royal house of the [[Ostrogoths]] and founded the [[Ostrogothic Kingdom]].<ref>((Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xsQxcJvaLjAC&pg=PA248 |title=History of the Goths|last=Wolfram|first=Herwig|date=1990-02-13|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-06983-1|language=en))</ref>

== Origin ==
The Amal clan was claimed to have descended from the divine.<ref name=":1">((Cite book|title=History of the Goths|last=Wolfram|first=Herwig|publisher=University of California Press|year=1988|location=Berkeley|pages=32))</ref> [[Jordanes]] writes:

<blockquote>Now the first of these heroes, as they themselves relate in their legends, was Gapt, who begat Hulmul. And Hulmul begat Augis; and Augis begat him who was called Amal, from whom the name of the Amali comes. Athal begat Achiulf and Oduulf. Now Achiulf begat Ansila and Ediulf, Vultuulf and [[Ermanaric]].<ref name=":0">((Cite book |title=Cassiodorus, Jordanes and the History of the Goths: Studies in a Migration Myth |url=((google books |plainurl=y |id=AcLDHOqOt4cC)) |publisher=Museum Tusculanum Press |date=2002-01-01 |isbn=9788772897103 |first=Arne Søby |last=Christensen |author-link=Arne Søby Christensen))</ref></blockquote>

This provides the following stemma for the earliest rulers of the Goths, before outlining in more detail the two divisions that arose from the son, Achiulf of Athal, the last in this early lineage:

{| class="wikitable"
! Early rulers/kings
|-
| [[Gapt]]
|-
| Hulmul
|-
| Augis
|-
| [[Amal (king)|Amal]]
|-
| Hisarnis
|-
| [[Ostrogotha]]
|-
| Hunuil
|-
| Athal<ref>[[Peter Heather]], [http://www.jstor.org/stable/301183 "Cassiodorus and the Rise of the Amals: Genealogy and the Goths under Hun Domination"], ''[[The Journal of Roman Studies]]'', Vol. 79 (1989), p. 104</ref>
|}

Gapt or Gaut is the Scandinavian god of war. [[Hulmul]] or Humli-Hulmul, is considered the divine father of the [[Danish people]].<ref name=":1" />  [[Ermanaric]] (also referred to as Ermanaricus or Hermanaric), is identified as a [[Greuthungi]]an king who ruled territories in modern [[Ukraine]]. Ermanaric signals the tenth generation, and the first generation to be backed by historical record.<ref name=":1" />

== History ==
The origins of the Amal Dynasty is unclear. Until the mid-20th century there was a tendency to see the Tervingi and Greuthungi mentioned by [[Ammianus Marcellinus]] as having evolved into the Visigoths and Ostrogoths, respectively. The Greuthungi had become vassals of the [[Huns]], and were considered to have regained their independence under the Amali [[Theodemir (Ostrogothic king)|Theodemir]], father of [[Theoderic the Great]]. However, this idea has since been discredited by historians, who have emphasised the disruption caused by the Huns, as well as the similarity of groups previously treated as discrete ethnic groups.<ref>Peter Heather, ''Goths and Romans'', 332–489 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991), pp. 8 ff.</ref>

A separate branch of the family were members of the [[Visigoths]]. [[Sigeric]], a brief usurper to the Visigothic throne in 415, may have been a member of the Amali. The Visigothic [[Eutharic]] married Theoderic's daughter [[Amalasuntha]], and is said to have been an Amal by [[Cassiodorus]] and Jordanes; however, it is more likely that this was a fictitious claim designed to bolster [[Athalaric]]'s legitimacy.<ref>Gerda Heydemann, "The Ostrogothic Kingdom: Ideologies and Transitions" in J. Arnold and K. Sessa (eds), ''A Companion to Ostrogothic Italy'' (Leiden, 2016), p. 30.</ref> Jordanes states "Hermanaric, the son of Achiulf, begat Hunimund, and Hunimund begat Thorismud. Now Thorismud begat Beremud, Beremud begat Veteric, and Veteric likewise begat Eutharic."

The last attested member of the Amali house was Theodegisclus, son of [[Theodahad]].

=== Amali rulers ===
* [[Ermanaric]], King of the Greuthungi, c. 296–376
* [[Sigeric]], King of the Visigoths, 415
* [[Valamir]], King of the Ostrogoths, 447–469
* [[Theodemir (Ostrogothic king)|Theodemir]], King of the Ostrogoths, 469–475
* [[Theoderic the Great]], King of the Ostrogoths, 475–526
* [[Athalaric]], King of the Ostrogoths, 526–534
* [[Amalasuintha]], Queen Regnant of the Ostrogoths, 534–535
* [[Theodahad]], King of the Ostrogoths, 534–536
* [[Theudigisel]], King of the Visigoths, 548–549

== In literature ==
In the ''[[Nibelungenlied]]'' and some other medieval German epic poems, the followers of [[Dietrich von Bern]] are referred to as 'Amelungen'. In other cases, Amelung is reinterpreted as the name of one of Dietrich's ancestors. The ''[[Kaiserchronik]]'' also refers to Dietrich/Theoderic's family as the 'Amelungen', and in a letter of bishop Meinhard von Bamberg, as well as the [[Annals of Quedlinburg]], 'Amulungum'/'Amelung' ("the Amelung") is used to refer to Dietrich himself. This shows that the family's legacy was remembered in [[oral tradition]] far into the Middle Ages, long after any stories about Amal himself had ceased to circulate.

[[Cassiodorus]]' ''Origo Gothica'' describes the Goths moving to the Black Sea, where they split into two factions, the Amali, who would later become the Ostrogoths, and the [[Balthi]], who become the Visigoths. Both the Amali and the Balthi are recalled as families of "kings and heroes."<ref name=":1" /> However, even before Cassiodorus' time, the tradition of the Amal appeared to be still popular. This is shown in the naming of the royals, like [[Theoderic the Great|Theodoric's]] daughters, [[Ostrogotho]] and [[Amalasuntha|Amalasuintha]], and his sister, [[Amalafrida]], who were all given Amal names.<ref name=":1" />

== Legacy ==
At least two prominent noble families claimed descent from Amali: the [[Billungs]], Dukes of Saxony, also known as the Amelungs or von Ömlingen, and the Solovjovs, Barons of the [[Russian Empire]] from 1727 (in German sources, known as the von Solowhoff or Solowhoff von Greutungen). The Solovjovs specifically claimed Ermanaric as their ancestor.

The name of the 6th-century [[Visigoth]]ic king [[Amalaric]] – meaning "''Amal ruler''," though he actually belonged to the [[Balt dynasty]] – was the source of the continental toponyms of [[North America|North]] and [[South America]], via the [[Amalric|Italian variant]] "Amerigo."

== In popular culture ==
* The Amali appear as the "Amaling" dynasty in the grand strategy game ''[[Crusader Kings 2]]''.

== Genealogy ==
((familytree/start))
((familytree| | | | | Erm | | HOU | | Sig |HOU='''HOUSE OF AMAL'''|Erm=[[Ermanaric]]<br />king of Goths|Sig=[[Sigeric]]<br />king of Visigoths))
((familytree| | | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| ))
((familytree| | | | | Thi | | Tdm | | dau |Thi=Thiudimir|Tdm=[[Theodemir (Ostrogothic king)|Theodemir]]<br />king of Ostrogoths<br /><small>∞ [[Ereleuva]]</small>|dau=(daughter)<br /><small>∞ [[Valamir]]<br />king of Ostrogoths</small>))
((familytree| | | | | |,|-|-|-|(| | | |,|-|-|-|.| ))
((familytree| | | | | Alf | | Tdr |~| Add | | Clv |Alf=[[Amalafrida]]<br /><small>∞ 1.(unknown)<br />2.[[Thrasamund]]<br />king of [[Vandals#Family tree of the kings of Vandals|Vandals]]</small>|Tdr=[[Theoderic the Great]]<br />king of Ostrogoths, Visigoths|Add=[[Audofleda]]|Clv=''[[Clovis I]]<br />king of Franks<br />[[Merovingian dynasty]]''))
((familytree| |,|-|-|-|(| | | |)|-|-|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| ))
((familytree| Alb | | Thd | | Ama | | Ost | | par | | Jus | | Vig |Alb=''[[Amalaberga]]<br /><small>∞ [[Hermanafrid]]<br />king of Thuringii</small>''|Thd=''(1?) [[Theodahad]]<br />king of Ostrogoths<br /><small>∞ Gudeliva</small>''|Ama=[[Amalasuintha]]<br /><small>∞ 1.Traguilla<br />2.[[Eutharic]]<br />consul</small>|Ost=[[Ostrogotho]]<br /><small>∞ [[Sigismund of Burgundy|Sigismund]]<br />king of Burgundians</small>|par=<small>''∞ [[Anicia gens|Anicius]]?''</small>|Jus=''[[Justin I]]<br />Roman Emperor''|Vig=''Vigilantia''))
((familytree| | | | | | | | | |)|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | | | | | |!| ))
((familytree| | | | | | | | | Ath | | Mat |~| Ger | | | | | | Jut |Ath=''(2) [[Athalaric]]<br />king of Ostrogoths''|Mat=''(2) [[Mataswintha]]<br /><small>∞ 1.[[Vitiges]]<br />king of Ostrogoths</small>''|Ger=''2.[[Germanus (cousin of Justinian I)|Germanus]]''<br />general|Jut=''[[Justinian I]]<br />Roman Emperor<br />[[Byzantine Empire under the Justinian dynasty|Justinian dynasty]]''))
((familytree/end))
== See also ==
* [[List of kings of the Huns]]
* [[Balt dynasty]]
* ''[[The Origin and Deeds of the Goths]]'' (''Getica'')
* [[Vadamerca]]

== Citations ==
((reflist|30em))

== General and cited sources ==
* ((cite book |last=Bradley |first=Henry |title=The Goths, from the Earliest Times to the End of the Gothic Dominion in Spain|url=((google books |plainurl=y |id=kyurWUMUwkMC))|date=December 2009|publisher=General Books LLC|isbn=978-1-150-60725-7))
* Jones, Arnold. ''[[Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire]]'', Cambridge at the University Press, 1971.
* ((cite book|last=Jordanes|title=The Origin and Deeds of the Goths|url=((google books |plainurl=y |id=fAhzBQAAQBAJ|page=551))|date=12 November 2013|publisher=B & R Samizdat Express|isbn=978-1-4554-3671-2|page=551))

((Germanic peoples))

[[Category:Amali dynasty]]
[[Category:European dynasties]]
[[Category:Gothic families]]
[[Category:Ostrogoths]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Amal dynasty (edit)
Template:Ambox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite book (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite web (view source) (protected)
Template:Cleanup (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:DMC (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:DMCA (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (articles) (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Familytree (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Familytree/end (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:Familytree/start (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:Germanic peoples (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:Google books (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Hlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Icon (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main other (view source) (protected)
Template:Multiple issues (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Multiple issues/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:No-footnotes (edit)
Template:No footnotes (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Template:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Template:SUBJECTSPACE formatted (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Short description (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description/lowercasecheck (view source) (protected)
Template:Terminate sentence (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Tree chart (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Tree chart/end (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Tree chart/start (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Trim (view source) (protected)
Template:Yesno (view source) (protected)
Template:Yesno-no (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:Icon (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Icon/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:Text (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Tree chart (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Tree chart/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to Amal dynasty.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amal_dynasty"