Amalgaviridae
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Pisuviricota
Class: Duplopiviricetes
Order: Durnavirales
Family: Amalgaviridae
Genera
  • Amalgavirus
  • Zybavirus

Amalgaviridae is a family of double-stranded RNA viruses. Member viruses infect plants and are transmitted vertically via seeds.[1] The name derives from amalgam (blend, mix) which refers to amalgaviruses possessing characteristics of both partitiviruses and totiviruses.[1][2] There are ten species in the family.[3]

Genome

Amalgavirus genomes are monopartite and about 3.5 kilobases in length.[2][4] They have two partially overlapping open reading frames which encode the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and a putative capsid protein.[2][5]

Evolution

It has been suggested that amalgaviruses have evolved via recombination between viruses with double-stranded and negative-strand RNA genomes.[6] Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the amalgavirus RdRp forms a sister clade to the corresponding RdRp protein of partitiviruses (Partitiviridae) which have segmented (bipartite) dsRNA genomes and infect plants, fungi and protists.[1][2][4][6] By contrast, the putative capsid protein of amalgaviruses is homologous to the nucleocapsid proteins of negative-strand RNA viruses of the genera Phlebovirus (Bunyaviridae) and Tenuivirus.[6]

Taxonomy

The family Amalgaviridae has two genera and ten species:[3]

Amalgavirus

Zybavirus

References

Wikispecies has information related to Amalgaviridae.
  1. ^ a b c d Martin, R. R.; Zhou, J; Tzanetakis, I. E. (2011). "Blueberry latent virus: An amalgam of the Partitiviridae and Totiviridae". Virus Research. 155 (1): 175–80. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2010.09.020. PMID 20888379.
  2. ^ a b c d e Sabanadzovic, S; Valverde, R. A.; Brown, J. K.; Martin, R. R.; Tzanetakis, I. E. (2009). "Southern tomato virus: The link between the families Totiviridae and Partitiviridae". Virus Research. 140 (1–2): 130–7. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2008.11.018. PMID 19118586.
  3. ^ a b "Taxonomy". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  4. ^ a b c Sabanadzovic, S; Abou Ghanem-Sabanadzovic, N; Valverde, R. A. (2010). "A novel monopartite dsRNA virus from rhododendron". Archives of Virology. 155 (11): 1859–63. doi:10.1007/s00705-010-0770-5. PMID 20721591. S2CID 13303861.
  5. ^ a b Liu, W; Chen, J (2009). "A double-stranded RNA as the genome of a potential virus infecting Vicia faba". Virus Genes. 39 (1): 126–31. doi:10.1007/s11262-009-0362-1. PMID 19472044. S2CID 10806942.
  6. ^ a b c Krupovic M, Dolja VV, Koonin EV (2015). "Plant viruses of the Amalgaviridae family evolved via recombination between viruses with double-stranded and negative-strand RNA genomes". Biol Direct. 10 (1): 12. doi:10.1186/s13062-015-0047-8. PMC 4377212. PMID 25886840.
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