Amphictis Temporal range: Late Oligocene–Middle Miocene PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N

Skull of Amphictis antiqua
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Carnivora
Family:	Ailuridae
Subfamily:	†Amphictinae Winge, 1896
Genus:	†Amphictis Pomel, 1853
Type species
†Amphictis antiqua (de Blainville, 1842)
Other Species
†Amphictis ambigua (Gervais, 1872) †Amphictis borbonica Viret, 1929 †Amphictis cuspida Nagel, 2003 †Amphictis milloquensis (Helbing, 1928) †Amphictis prolongata Morlo, 1996 †Amphictis schlosseri Heizmann & Morlo, 1994 †Amphictis timucua Baskin, 2017 †Amphictis wintershofensis Roth, 1994

Amphictis is an extinct genus of ailurid that existed from the Late Oligocene to the Middle Miocene with fossils found in Eurasia and North America with a total of nine described species.^[1] The interrelationships of the different species as well as their relationship to the other ailurids is not fully understood.^[2] Usually Amphictis is classified in the basal monotypic subfamily Amphictinae, but there is not certain as the genus could potentially be a paraphyletic with the Oligocene species A. borbonica being a potential sister taxon to the ancestor of the subfamily Ailurinae (today consisting just the red panda), while a Middle Miocene clade consisting of an anagenesis line from A. prolongata–to–A. wintershofensis–to–A. cuspida being closer to the ancestry of the now extinct Simocyoninae (with A. wintershofensis being the sister taxon to the clade). This is due to the nature of their plesiomorphic nature of their anatomy.^[2]

References

^ ^a ^b Baskin, Jon A. (2017). "Additional carnivorans from the early Hemingfordian Miller Local Fauna, Florida". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 37 (2): e1293069. Bibcode:2017JVPal..37E3069B. doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1293069. S2CID 90182619.
^ ^a ^b Morlo, Michael; Peigné, Stéphane (2010). "Molecular and morphological evidence for Ailuridae and a review of its genera". In Goswami, Anjali; Friscia, Anthony (eds.). Carnivoran Evolution: New Views on Phylogeny, Form, and Function. pp. 92–140. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139193436.005. ISBN 978-0-521-73586-5.
^ de Blainville, Henri Marie Ducrotay (1842). Ostéographie ou description iconographique comparée du squelette et du système dentaire des cinq classes d'animaux vertébrés récents et fossiles: pour servir de base a la zoologie et a la géologie. Paris: J.B. Baillière et fils.
^ Pomel, Auguste (1853). "Catalogue des vertébrés fossiles (suite)". Ann Scient Litt Ind Auvergne. 26: 81–229.
^ Gervais, Paul (1872). "Mammifères dont les ossements accompagnent les dépôts de chaux phosphatée des départements du Tarn-et-Garonne et du Lot". Journal de Zoologie (in French). 1: 261–268.
^ McIntosh, William C. (1885). "Report on the Annelida Polychæta collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–76". Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873–76, Zoology. 12 (34): i–xxxvi, 1–554, Pls. 1–55, 1a–39a.
^ Helbing, Hermann (1928). Carnivoren des oberen Stampien. Birkhäuser.
^ Viret, Jean (1929). "Les faunes de Mammifères de líOligocène supérieur de la Limagne bourbonnaise". Annales de l'Université de Lyon. Nouvelle série, 1 Sciences, médecine (in French). 47: 1–328.
^ Heizmann, Elmar P. J.; Morlo, Michael (1994). "Amphictis schlosseri n. sp. – eine neue Carnivoren-Art (Mammalia) aus dem Unter-Miozän von Südwestdeutschland". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie B (Geologie und Palaeontologie). 216: 1–25.
^ Roth (1994) in Heizmann and Morlo (1994) (op. cit.)
^ ^a ^b Morlo, Michael (1996). "Carnivoren aus dem Unter-Miozän des Mainzer Beckens". Senckenbergiana Lethaea. 76 (1–2): 193–249. doi:10.1007/BF03042850. S2CID 131401280.
^ Bonis, L. de (1973). "Contribution à l'étude des mammifères de l'Aquitanien de l'Agenais. Rongeurs — Carnivores — Périssodactyles". Mémoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. 28: 1–192.
^ Nagel, D. (2003). "Carnivora from the middle Miocene hominoid locality of Çandir (Turkey)". Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg. 240: 113–132.

Genera of red pandas, raccoons, skunks, mustelids and their extinct allies

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora

Musteloidea

†Peignictis
†Plesiogale

Ailuridae

Ailurinae	Ailurus †Magerictis †Parailurus †Pristinailurus
†Amphictinae	Amphictis
†Simocyoninae	Actiocyon Alopecocyon Protursus Simocyon

Mephitidae

Procyonidae

†Amphinasua
†Angustictis
†Arctonasua
Bassaricyon
Bassariscus
†Bassaricynoides
†Chapalmalania
†Cyonasua
†Edaphocyon
Nasua
Nasuella
†Parahyaenodon
†Paranasua
†Parapotos
†Probassariscus
Procyon
†Protoprocyon
Potos
†Tetraprothomo

Mustelidae

†Acheronictis †Aragonictis †Arikarictis †Circamustela †Erokomellivora †Franconictis †Kenyalutra †Kinometaxia †Laphyctis †Luogale †Marcetia †Matanomictis †Melidellavus †Mellalictis †Mesomephitis †Miomustela †Namibictis †Oaxacagale †Palaeomeles †Paragale †Parataxidea †Perunium †Plesictis †Plesiogale †Plesiomeles †Prepoecilogale †Presictis †Promellivora †Proputorius †Pyctis †Sabadellictis †Semantor †Sinictis †Sivalictis †Skopelogale †Sonitictis †Taxodon †Trochotherium †Xenictis †Zorilla
Guloninae	†Canimartes Eira †Ferinestrix Gulo †Iberictis †Ischyrictis Martes Pekania †Plesiogulo †Plionictis †Sthenictis
Helictidinae	Melogale
Ictonychinae	†Brevimalictis †Cernictis †Eirictis †Enhydrictis Galictis Ictonyx †Lutravus Lyncodon †Martellictis †Negodiaetictis †Oriensictis †Pannonictis †Poecilictis Poecilogale †Sminthosinis †Stipanicicia †Trigonictis †Trochictis Vormela
Lutrinae	†Algarolutra Aonyx †Cyrnaonyx †Cyrnolutra †Djourabus Enhydra †Enhydriodon †Enhydritherium Hydrictis †Limnonyx Lontra Lutra †Lutraeximia †Lutrictis Lutrogale †Megalenhydris †Megencephalon †Melodon †Mionictis †Nesolutra †Paludolutra †Paralutra †Pelycictis Pteronura †Sardolutra †Satherium †Siamogale †Sivaonyx †Teruelictis †Torolutra †Tyrrhenolutra †Vishnuonyx
†Leptarctinae	Craterogale Leptarctus Trocharion
Melinae	†Arctomeles Arctonyx Meles †Promeles
Mellivorinae	†Ekorus †Eomellivora †Hoplictis Mellivora †Moralesictis
†Mustelavinae	Mustelavus
Mustelinae	†Baranogale †Dinogale †Lartetictis †Legionarictis Mustela Neogale †Putorius †Tisisthenes
†Oligobuninae	Brachypsalis Corumictis Floridictis Megalictis Oligobunis Parabrachypsalis Paroligobunis Promartes Zodiolestes
Taxidiinae	†Chamitataxus †Pliotaxidea Taxidea

Taxon identifiers
Amphictinae	Wikidata: Q65144472 uBio: 6028055
Amphictis	Wikidata: Q11905381 Fossilworks: 41090 GBIF: 4833082 IRMNG: 1396030 ZooBank: B67B8C03-27F9-476D-9D37-DCD538E999F5
Amphictis antiqua	Wikidata: Q120416105 Fossilworks: 174789 GBIF: 9451706 Paleobiology Database: 174789
Amphictis ambigua	Wikidata: Q120416118 GBIF: 11169411 Paleobiology Database: 433222
Amphictis borbonica	Wikidata: Q120416138 Fossilworks: 174790 GBIF: 8695450 Paleobiology Database: 174790
Amphictis cuspida	Wikidata: Q120416147 GBIF: 11189430 Paleobiology Database: 433224
Amphictis milloquensis	Wikidata: Q120416150 GBIF: 11137441 Paleobiology Database: 433223
Amphictis prolongata	Wikidata: Q120416153 Fossilworks: 174793 GBIF: 8508551 Paleobiology Database: 174793 ZooBank: D727307E-A2E2-4342-965B-FD176F6B8DD5
Amphictis schlosseri	Wikidata: Q120416159 Fossilworks: 174791 GBIF: 8485126 Paleobiology Database: 174791 ZooBank: 08B58BFE-991D-49E4-B9BB-C93ABAEDE6DA
Amphictis timucua	Wikidata: Q120416163 Fossilworks: 357761 GBIF: 9388867 Paleobiology Database: 357761
Amphictis wintershofensis	Wikidata: Q120416174 Fossilworks: 174792 GBIF: 8586550 Paleobiology Database: 174792

Taxonomy

References