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((Short description|Reform Jewish temple in Beachwood, Ohio, US))
((Use mdy dates|date=January 2024))
((Infobox religious building
| name                  = Anshe Chesed Fairmount Temple
| native_name           = 
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| caption               = the synagogue, in 
| religious_affiliation = [[Reform Judaism]]
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| organisational_status = [[Synagogue]]<!-- or |organizational_status= -->
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| leadership            = ((ubl|Rabbi Robert Nosanchuk|Rabbi Dr. Joshua Caruso|Rabbi Elle Muhlbaum ((small|(Associate)))))
| bhattaraka            = 
| patron                = 
| consecration_year     = 
| functional_status     = Active
| religious_features_label = 
| religious_features    = 
| location              = 23737 Fairmount Boulevard, [[Beachwood, Ohio|Beachwood]], [[Cleveland, Ohio|Cleveland]], [[Ohio]] 44122
| locale                = 
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| country               = United States
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| established           = 1842 ((small|(as a congregation)))
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| year_completed        = ((ubl|1846 ((small|(Eagle Street)))|1887 ((small|(East 25th Street)))|1912 ((small|([[Euclid Avenue (Cleveland)|Euclid Avenue]])))|1957 ((small|(Beachwood)))))
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))
'''Anshe Chesed Fairmount Temple''' ([[transliterated]] from [[Hebrew Language|Hebrew]] as "People of Loving Kindness"), commonly called the '''Fairmount Temple''',  is a [[Reform Judaism|Reform]] [[Jewish]] congregation and [[synagogue]], located at 23737 Fairmount Boulevard, in [[Beachwood, Ohio|Beachwood]], [[Ohio]], in the United States. The congregation is the oldest Jewish congregation in the [[Cleveland, Ohio|Cleveland]] area.<ref name="ECH">((cite encyclopedia |editor=Abrams, Sylvia |url=http://ech.case.edu/cgi/article.pl?id=AC4 |title=Anshe Chesed |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Cleveland History |publisher=[[Case Western Reserve University]] |date=February 22, 2023 |access-date= ))</ref> The congregation's membership exceeded 2,000 families in the mid-1990s.<ref name="OlitzkyRaphael1996">((cite book|author1=Olitzky, Kerry M. |author1-link=Kerry Olitzky |author2=Raphael, Marc Lee |title=The American Synagogue: A Historical Dictionary and Sourcebook |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=weL9M46TcU8C&pg=PA284 |year=1996 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-313-28856-2 |pages=284– |via=[[Google Books]] ))</ref>

The synagogue is a member of the [[Union for Reform Judaism]].

==History==
In 1841, the congregation was established as a [[German Jews|German Orthodox synagogue]] and officially chartered on February 28, 1842.<ref name="ECH"/> In 1845, the Israelitic Anshe Chesed Society was formed when the Israelite Society (part of the original congregation) merged with Anshe Chesed.<ref name="OlitzkyRaphael1996" /> The following year, the congregation built Cleveland's first synagogue on Eagle Street, now where [[Progressive Field]] is located.<ref name="ECH" />

In 1887, the congregation moved out of downtown toward the then newly built neighborhoods on the east side of Cleveland along with the rest of the Jewish community of Cleveland, and dedicated its second building on East 25th Street and Scovill Avenue.

In 1912, the congregation moved further east when it built a new synagogue on East 82nd Street and Euclid Avenue. The mammoth synagogue became known as the [[Euclid Avenue (Cleveland)|Euclid Avenue]] Temple.<ref name="OlitzkyRaphael1996" /><ref>((cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ExPRKjkAx0C&dq=Anshe+Chesed+Fairmount+Temple&pg=PA263 |title=Merging Traditions: Jewish Life in Cleveland |author1=Rubinstein, Judah |author2=Avner, Jane<!-- Bot generated title --> |publisher= Kent State University Press|date= February 3, 2024|page= |isbn=978-0-87338-776-7 |via=[[Google Books]] ))</ref><ref>((cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gfqgBwAAQBAJ&dq=Anshe+Chesed+Fairmount+Temple&pg=PA227 |title=The Synagogue in America: A Short History |author=Raphael, Marc Lee <!-- Bot generated title --> |publisher= NYU Press|date= April 18, 2011|page= |isbn=978-0-8147-7704-6 |via=[[Google Books]] ))</ref>

In the mid-1800s it became a member of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations for two years, then left, to rejoin in 1907 and adopt the Union Prayer Book when [[Louis Wolsey]], its first American-born American-educated rabbi became its spiritual leader. Wolsey led the congregation from 1907 to 1924.<ref name="OlitzkyRaphael1996"/> [[Barnett R. Brickner]] was rabbi of the congregation from 1925 until his death in 1953.<ref>((Cite web |date=2018-08-07 |title=BRICKNER, BARNETT ROBERT |url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/b/brickner-barnett-robert |access-date=2023-03-12 |website=[[Encyclopedia of Cleveland History]] |language=en))</ref>

=== Beachwood zoning and antisemitism conflict ===
In 1948, a heated village wide debate was sparked in Beachwood after the proposal of the construction of the Anshe Chesed Fairmount Temple following the purchase of 32 acres of land on which the temple currently stands.<ref name="clevelandhistorical.org">((Cite web |url=https://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/404 |title=The Fairmount Temple |website=Cleveland Historical |language=en |date= |access-date=2018-05-29))</ref> The debate was started due to the rapidly growing popular trend of families moving to the suburbs due to the booming post WWII economy. Considering that Beachwood at the time was a relatively small community with few Jews, the sudden proposal of the large synagogue of 1,800 families sparked [[Antisemitism|anti-Semitic]] worries among the village's community due to the imminent demographics change that the establishment of a large synagogue would bring.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.clevelandjewishnews.com/features/special_sections/destination/beachwood-from-anti-semitic-roots-to-thriving-jewish-community/article_62ad5e8a-1a97-11e5-bca6-c7b87ad53157.html|title=Beachwood: From anti-Semitic roots to thriving Jewish community |author=Rosenblum, Jonah |work=Cleveland Jewish News |date= |access-date=2018-05-29 |language=en))</ref> The village council, no member of which was Jewish, cited in 1952 that the establishment of Anshe Chesed "''would be detrimental to the public safety, welfare, and convenience of the village''".<ref name="Freedman 2001">((Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xctIjOjW8cwC&q=village+of+beachwood+v.+anshe+chesed&pg=PA294 |title=Jew Vs. Jew: The Struggle for the Soul of American Jewry |last=Freedman |first=Samuel G. |date=2001 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=9780684859453 |language=en |page= |via=[[Google Books]] ))</ref> One morning in May 1952, following Anshe Chesed's threat to sue the village of Beachwood, residents opened their mailboxes and found a [[White supremacy|white supremacist]] newspaper called ''[[The Plain Truth]]'', with the message:

((block quote|''"The battle is on. No longer should we sit idly by and watch our country be taken from us. Act now. Let not the Jew plan succeed."''|''[[The Plain Truth]]'', May 1952.<ref name="Freedman 2001"/>))

Zoning arguments between the village and the congregation regarding the temple's construction sparked an Ohio Supreme Court Case which ruled in 1954 that the synagogue must be allowed to be built, as well as with issuing state building permits to the congregation. The temple's construction was finished in 1957<ref name="clevelandhistorical.org"/> and the congregation's present home, the Fairmount Temple, was dedicated.<ref name="OlitzkyRaphael1996"/> In 1958, Rabbi [[Arthur Lelyveld]], former national director of [[B'nai B'rith]] [[Hillel International|Hillel Foundation]] was hired.<ref name="ECH"/>

== Present day ==
The current((when?|date=January 2024)) clergy team consists of Senior Rabbi Robert A. Nosanchuk, Rabbi Joshua L. Caruso, Associate Rabbi Elle Muhlbaum, Cantor Vladimir Lapin, and Cantor Laureate Sarah Sager.

On April 13, 2023, a fire broke out on the roof of the building. Firefighters from eight neighboring cities responded. No one was injured and all the [[Torah|Torahs]] were safely removed from the sanctuary.<ref>((Cite news |last=Jacob |first=Bob |date=April 13, 2023 |title='Scary afternoon' as fire breaks out at Fairmount Temple |work=Cleveland Jewish News |url=https://www.clevelandjewishnews.com/news/local_news/fire-at-fairmount-temple-beachwood/article_3f82ceb6-da3a-11ed-8f9b-3317f36d5745.html |access-date=April 16, 2023))</ref>

== Notable members ==
((more references|section|date=January 2024))
*[[David Mark Berger]], American-born Israeli Olympian who was killed during the [[Munich massacre]] at the [[1972 Summer Olympics]].
*[[Brad Goldberg]], major league baseball pitcher, became [[bar mitzvah]] at Anshe Chesed Fairmount Temple.<ref name=autogenerated7>[http://www.clevelandjewishnews.com/features/sports/local_sports/white-sox-draft-former-beachwood-pitcher-goldberg/article_2e0c0120-d36a-11e2-a6cd-0019bb2963f4.html "White Sox draft former Beachwood pitcher Goldberg,"<!-- Bot generated title -->] ''Cleveland Jewish News''.</ref>
*[[Howard Metzenbaum]], the only [[Jewish]] Senator from [[Ohio]].
* Rebecca Alison Meyer, a daughter of web designer and author [[Eric A. Meyer]]. The [[hex color]] #663399 ((Color box|#663399|border=darkgray)) was named "rebeccapurple" and added to the CSS color list in her memory.

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
*((official website|http://www.fairmounttemple.org/))

((Synagogues in the United States))

[[Category:1842 establishments in Ohio]]
[[Category:20th-century synagogues in the United States]]
[[Category:Beachwood, Ohio]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Cuyahoga County, Ohio]]
[[Category:German-American culture in Ohio]]
[[Category:Jewish organizations established in 1842]]
[[Category:Reform synagogues in Ohio]]
[[Category:Synagogues completed in 1957]]

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