Anti-Soviet partisans may refer to various resistance movements that opposed the Soviet Union and its satellite states at various periods during the 20th century.

During Russian Civil War and Interwar Period

• Basmachi movement
• Green armies
• August Uprising
• Forest Guerrillas
• Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine

During Second World War and its aftermath

• Chechen rebels
• Cursed soldiers (Poland)
• Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
  • Latvian partisans
  • Lithuanian partisans
  • Estonian partisans
• Goryani (Bulgaria)
• Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1953)
• Romanian anti-communist resistance movement
• Armata Neagră (Moldova)
• Ukrainian Insurgent Army
• Organisations formed by Nazi Germany
  • GULAG Operation
  • Black Cats (Belarus)
  • Crusaders (guerrilla) (Croatia)
  • Werwolf (Germany)

During the Cold War

• Afghan Mujahideen
• NATO Operation Gladio