| Aphidiinae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Praon cocoon below hollowed aphid | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Braconidae |
| Subfamily: | Aphidiinae Haliday, 1833 |
| Diversity | |
| c. 50 genera, 400 species | |
The Aphidiinae are a subfamily of tiny parasitoid wasps that use aphids as their hosts. Several species have been used in biological control programs of various aphids.
Aphidiines are koinobiont endoparasitoids of adult and immature aphids. While the larva of the 2–3 mm long Praon leaves the hollowed shell of the aphid from below to pupate in a volcano-like cocoon, most other Aphidiinae pupate inside the dead aphid and break out afterwards.
These wasps are found worldwide, but are primarily found in the northern hemisphere. Several species have been introduced to countries outside of their natural range, both accidentally and purposefully for biocontrol.[1]
Although they have often been treated as a separate family, the Aphidiidae, the Aphidiinae are a lineage within the Braconidae. It is not yet clear to which braconid subfamilies they are most closely related.
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| Aphidiinae relationships (after Shi & Chen 2005) |
The Aphidiinae are subdivided into several tribes, the Ephedrini, Praini, Trioxini, Aclitini, and Aphidiini, with the latter subdivided into three subtribes.[2] Most species reside in the Aphidiini. The Praini's loss of internal pupation is likely to be secondary.[3]
There are ~400 spp. in ~50 genera worldwide.
Ephedrini
Praini
Trioxini
Aclitini[4]
Aphidiini
