The name comes from the Latin Aquinum, probably from aqua, meaning "water" as witnessed by the abundance of water that still crosses the territory today, including many small springs.
History
Indian troops advance across the Aquino aerodrome in 1944.
After the Roman conquest in the 4th century BC, Aquinum became an important commercial and production centre situated on the ancient Via Latina. In 211 BC it was given the title of urbs, previously the prerogative of Rome alone. In 125 BC the nearby town of Fregellae was destroyed and Aquinum grew to become the most important nucleus between Rome and Capua.
The diocese of Aquinum was established c. 450.
The patron saint of Aquino is St. Constantius of Aquino (San Costanzo), a 6th-century bishop.[4] After the death of bishop Jovinus, c. 593, the seat remained vacant.
The county of Aquino within the Norman kingdom of Sicily was established in the 12th century.
St. Thomas Aquinas, OP was born in 1225 in the castle of Roccasecca, 8 kilometres (5 mi) north of Aquino, to a collateral branch of the family of the counts of Aquino.
Main sights
One of the gates through which the Via Latina passed, now called Porta San Lorenzo, is still well preserved, and there are remains within the walls (portions of which, built of large blocks of limestone, still remain) of two (so called) temples, a basilica and an amphitheatre.[3]
Outside, on the south is a well-preserved 1st century BC triumphal arch with composite capitals, known as Arco di Marcantonio, and close to it the basilica of Santa Maria Libera, a 9th-century building in the Romanesque style erected over the remains of an ancient temple of Hercules Liberator, now roofless. Several Roman inscriptions are built into it, and many others that have been found indicate the ancient importance of the place, which, though it does not appear in early history, is vouched for by Cicero and Strabo.[3][5]
