Arachis
Arachis hypogaea leaves and freshly dug pods
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Tribe: Dalbergieae
Genus: Arachis
L.
Species

See text

Synonyms[1]
  • Arachidna Plum. ex Boehm. (1760), nom. superfl.
  • Mundubi Adans. (1763)

Arachis is a genus of about 70 species of annual and perennial flowering plants in the family (Fabaceae), native to South America, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic Pterocarpus clade of the Dalbergieae.[2][3] At least one species, the peanut (Arachis hypogaea), is a major food crop species of global importance; some of the other species are cultivated for food to a small extent in South America. Other species such as A. pintoi are cultivated worldwide as forage and soil conditioner plants, with the leaves providing high-protein feed for grazing livestock and a nitrogen source in agroforestry and permaculture systems.

Arachis species, including the peanut, are used as food plants by some Lepidoptera species, including the flame shoulder, nutmeg, and turnip moth.[4]

Species

Arachis comprises the following sections and species:[5][6]

Section Arachis

Section Caulorrhizae

Section Erectoides

Section Extranervosae

Section Heteranthae

Section Procumbentes

Section Rhizomatosae

Series Prorhizomatosae

Series Rhizomatosae

Arachis glabrata

Section Trierectoides

Section Triseminatae


Hybrids

References

  1. ^ Arachis L. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  2. ^ Lavin M, Pennington RT, Klitgaard BB, Sprent JI, de Lima HC, Gasson PE (2001). "The dalbergioid legumes (Fabaceae): delimitation of a pantropical monophyletic clade". American Journal of Botany. 88 (3): 503–33. doi:10.2307/2657116. JSTOR 2657116. PMID 11250829.
  3. ^ Cardoso D, Pennington RT, de Queiroz LP, Boatwright JS, Van Wyk BE, Wojciechowskie MF, Lavin M (2013). "Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes". South African Journal of Botany. 89: 58–75. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.05.001.
  4. ^ "HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants". The Natural History Museum, London. Retrieved 2020-06-14.
  5. ^ "ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Arachis". International Legume Database & Information Service. Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
  6. ^ "GRIN species records of Arachis". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 5 February 2014.

External links

Taxon identifiers
Authority control databases: National
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