The Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro (Serbo-Croatian: Војска Србије и Црне Горе, Vojska Srbije i Crne Gore, ВСЦГ / VSCG) included ground forces with internal and border troops, naval forces, air and air defense forces, and civil defense. Preceding the VSCG was the Yugoslav Army (1992–2003; Serbo-Croatian: Војска Југославије, BJ / Vojska Jugoslavije, VJ, lit.'Army [of] Yugoslavia')[1][2] from the remnants of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA), the military of SFR Yugoslavia. The state, then named Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, participated in the Yugoslav Wars with limited direct intervention of its own armed forces. Following the end of the Wars and the constitutional reforms of 2003 by which the state was renamed "Serbia and Montenegro", the military accordingly changed its name. The military was heavily involved in combating Albanian separatists during the Kosovo War and Preševo Valley conflict, and also engaged NATO airplanes during the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia.
Upon the dissolution of Serbia and Montenegro with the Montenegrin independence referendum (2006), a fraction of the joint military was given to Montenegro, with the bulk of the force remaining in Serbia. Montenegro inherited the navy as Serbia is landlocked.
Organization
Pre-2003 emblem of the Ground ForcesPre-2003 emblem of the Air Force
VJ
The Armed Forces of Yugoslavia (VJ) was organized into the following:
"Mi smo ratna mornarica!" (English: "We are the War Navy!")[4]
Insignia
Ensign
Jack
Military unit
The Navy, officially called the War Navy of the Army of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croatian: Ратна морнарица Војске Југославије, Ratna mornarica Vojske Jugoslavije, RMVJ) from 1992 to 2003 and the War Navy of Serbia and Montenegro (Serbo-Croatian: Ратна Морнарица Србије и Црне Горе, Ratna Mornarica Srbije i Crne Gore, lit. 'War Navy of Serbia and Montenegro') from 2003 to 2006, was based in Kotor and was largely made of vessels inherited from the pre-1992 Yugoslav War Navy (Serbo-Croatian: Југословенска ратна морнарица, Jugoslovenska ratna mornarica, lit. 'Yugoslav War Navy').[5][6] During NATO's Operation Allied Force in 1999, the Navy took control over civilian shipping around Kotor, despite NATO's blockade[7] and in several actions the navy's warships fired at NATO aircraft that were on their way to strike Yugoslav targets.[8] The Navy claimed to have shot down three UAVs over Boka Kotorska. The images of the remains of one of them were displayed online.[9]
Civilians fit for military service were estimated at about 4,888,595 (2001 est.). The 2002 estimate for military expenditures as percent of GDP was 4.6%. Significant reforms were undertaken in the military of Serbia and Montenegro. In 2002 the Serbo-Montenegrin Military force numbered around 117,500 soldiers, supported by some 450,000 reserves. The 100,000 strong Army had 1,500 main battle tanks and 687 armed infantry vehicles. The Navy had 3,500 personnel, of whom 900 were marines. The entire Navy was composed totally out of 6 submarines, 3 frigates, 41 patrol & coastal ships and 14 "other" vessels. The Air force 14,000 personnel had 192 combat aircraft and 72 armed helicopters.
Branches
Army or Ground Forces (Kopnena vojska – KoV VSCG)
Air Force and Air Defense (Ratno Vazduhoplovstvo i Protivvazdušna odbrana – RV i PVO VSCG)
Navy (Ratna Mornarica – RM VSCG)
Military manpower – military age: 19 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower – availability: males age 15–49: 3,579,620 (2003 est.)
Military manpower – fit for military service: males age 15–49: 3,077,660 (2003 est.)
Military manpower – reaching military age annually: males: 101,547 (2003 est.)
Military expenditures – dollar figure: $954 million (2002)
Military expenditures – percent of GDP: 4.6% (2002. est.)
Ground Forces
War Navy
Svetozar Marović (last)
Dragiša Pešić (last)
Zoran Stanković (last)
Lt. Col. General Ljubiša Jokić (last)
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