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((Short description|Ethnic group in the United Kingdom))
((Infobox ethnic group
|group = Armenians living in the United Kingdom
|image = 
|population = 18,000
|popplace = [[London]], [[Manchester]], [[Liverpool]], [[Birmingham]], [[Edinburgh]]
|langs    = [[Armenian language|Armenian]], [[British English|English]], [[Russian language|Russian]], [[Persian language|Persian]], [[Arabic]], [[Turkish language|Turkish]], [[French language|French]], [[Greek language|Greek]]
|rels     = [[Armenian Apostolic Church]], [[Armenian Catholic Church]], [[Armenian Evangelical Church]] 
|related-c = [[Armenian diaspora]]
))
((Armenians))
((Lists of British people))
The '''Armenian community of the United Kingdom''' consists mainly of [[United Kingdom|British]] citizens who are fully or partially of [[Armenians|Armenian]] descent. There has been sporadic emigration from [[Armenia]] to the UK since the 18th century, with the biggest influx coming after the [[World War II|Second World War]]. The majority are based in the major cities of [[London]] and [[Manchester]]. The [[2001 UK Census]] recorded 589 Armenian-born people living in the UK,<ref name="OECD">((cite web|url=http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/18/23/34792376.xls |title=Country-of-birth data, 2001 |publisher=[[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]] |access-date=2008-09-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050511105416/http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/18/23/34792376.xls |archive-date=2005-05-11 ))</ref> and in 2013, the [[Office for National Statistics]] estimated that there were 1,235 people born in Armenia resident in the UK, with the number of Armenian nationals being 1,720,<ref name=ONS2013>((cite web|title=Nationality and country of birth by age, sex and qualifications Jan – Dec 2013|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/about-ons/business-transparency/freedom-of-information/what-can-i-request/published-ad-hoc-data/labour/april-2014/nationality-and-country-of-birth-by-age--sex-and-qualifications-jan---dec-2013.xls|publisher=[[Office for National Statistics]]|date=25 April 2014|access-date=20 June 2016))</ref> although it has been estimated by the Armenian Diaspora Conference that there are up to 18,000 ethnic [[Armenians]] including those who are British-born, and of part [[Armenians|Armenian]] descent, living in the UK.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.armeniadiaspora.com/followup/population.html|title=Population|publisher=Armenian Diaspora Conference|access-date=2008-09-14| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080327062045/http://www.armeniadiaspora.com/followup/population.html| archive-date = March 27, 2008))</ref>

==History==
[[Antonia Gransden]] (University of Nottingham) writes about the visit to the [[St Albans Cathedral|monastery of St. Albans]] in 1228 of the Armenian Archbishop, and in 1252 the group of Armenians.((clarify|date=July 2023))<ref>Antonia Gransden. Historical Writing in England: c. 500 to c. 1307. — Routledge, 1996. — P. 318. "''Matthew had excellent means of obtaining information. St Albans was within twenty miles of London, and had close connections, through its cells at Tynemouth, Belvoir, Binham and Wymondham, with the north, the midlands and East Anglia. Its guest-house served as a hotel for visitors from all over England and from abroad (in 1228 an Armenian archbishop, and in 1252 a group of Armenians, stayed in the abbey25). Henry III visited the abbey at least nine times before 1259.''"</ref> The first Armenian community in Britain was formed in Manchester in the 19th century. A mixture of textile traders, small manufacturers and retailers, in 1870 they opened the first Armenian church in Britain (the Holy Trinity Church located in [[Manchester]]).<ref>[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/faith/article458049.ece Celebrating the first Christian nation]</ref> In 1896 an estimated 500 Armenians lived in London.<ref>((cite journal|last1=Yeghiazaryan|first1=Ruben|title=Անգլիայի հայ գաղութը (1860–1920 թթ.) [Armenian Colony in England (1860–1920)]|journal=[[Patma-Banasirakan Handes]]|date=2002|issue=1|pages=65–87|url=http://hpj.asj-oa.am/4107/|language=hy))</ref>
[[File:Saint Sargis Armenian church in London-4.jpg|thumb|[[St. Sarkis Church (London)|Saint Sargis Armenian church]] in London]]
On 19 July 1920, [[Hovhannes Masehyan]] was appointed by the [[Armenian government]] to serve as "envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary" of [[First Republic of Armenia|Armenia]] to Britain. However, his appointment was disallowed by the [[Foreign Office]] which felt "discomfort and embarrassment" at such a "veteran diplomat" representing an "unstable state" to which Britain had not yet granted ''[[de jure]]'' recognition. On 12 November 1920, the Foreign Office (and later [[Lord Curzon]]) acknowledged the appointment of [[Jaques Bagratuni]] as the unofficial representative of Armenia in London.<ref name=":0" />

==Population distribution==
According to Vered Amit's ''Armenians in London: The Management of Social Boundaries'', published in 1989, around 10,000 Armenians were living in [[Greater London]] at the time. The majority were thought to be first-generation immigrants from Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Iran and Cyprus.<ref name="Talai">((cite book|last=Talai|first=Vered Amit|title=Armenians in London: The Management of Social Boundaries|publisher=Manchester University Press|location=Manchester|year=1989|isbn=0-7190-2927-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RBoNAQAAIAAJ&q=Armenians%20in%20London%20%3A%20the%20management%20of%20social%20boundaries&pg=PA1|page=1))</ref> They also include Armenians from Ethiopia, India, Egypt, Israel, as well as individuals from other countries.

[[Manchester]] has been home to an Armenian population since 1835, with 30 Armenian businesses thought to have been operating in the city by 1862.<ref name="Manchester CC">((cite web|url=https://www.manchester.gov.uk/info/448/archives_and_local_studies/506/multi-cultural_manchester/8|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090907200315/https://www.manchester.gov.uk/info/448/archives_and_local_studies/506/multi-cultural_manchester/8|url-status=dead|archive-date=2009-09-07|title=Multi-Cultural Manchester: Armenians|publisher=Manchester City Council|access-date=2009-08-22))</ref> Silk merchants were the original Armenian settlers in Manchester. In Easter 1870 Holy Trinity Church, an Armenian church, opened in Manchester, making it the first religious institution of that kind of in Western Europe. The Armenian Ladies Association of Manchester was in existence by the 1920s.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.archivesplus.org/history/armenian-merchants-in-exile/|title=Armenian Merchants in Exile|work=Archives Plus|publisher=[[Manchester Central Library]]|access-date=2019-05-26))</ref> In the early 20th century, there were Armenian mercantile communities based in London and Manchester represented by [[James Aratoon Malcolm|James Malcolm]] and H. Kamberian—the latter later became the official consul of Armenia in Manchester with the approval of the Foreign Office in October 1920.<ref name=":0">((cite book |last=Hovannisian |first=Richard G. |title=The Republic of Armenia |publisher=University of California Press |year=1996 |isbn=0-520-01805-2 |volume=3 |location=Berkeley |pages=410–411 |author-link=Richard G. Hovannisian))</ref>

==Media==
The Tekeyan Cultural Union published "Erebuni" from 1979 to 1996. From 1979 to 1987, it was a bilingual Armenian/English monthly, turning into a biweekly from 1987 to 1996. For a brief period in 1993, it was published solely in English before reverting into a bilingual edition. It ceased publication in 1996.((Citation needed|date=May 2011))

==Churches==
There are three [[Armenian Apostolic Church]]es in Britain: [[St Sarkis, Kensington|Saint Sarkis]] in [[Kensington]] in London; [[Church of St Yeghiche, South Kensington|Saint Yeghiche]] in [[South Kensington]], also in London; and the Holy Trinity in [[Chorlton-on-Medlock]], Manchester. The Armenian church of the Holy Trinity was the first purpose-built Armenian church in Western Europe and was opened at Easter 1870. The architects were Royle & Bennett, 1869–70.<ref>The architects chose an eclectic neo-Gothic style. At the east end is a rounded apse and the interior is simple though the altar is elaborate.--Hartwell, Clare; Hyde, Matthew & Pevsner, Nikolaus (2004) ''Lancashire: Manchester and the South-East''. New Haven: Yale University Press; pp. 421–22</ref><ref>((cite web|url=http://www.armenianchurchmanchester.org/|title=The Holy Trinity Armenian Church of Manchester|year=2009|publisher=Holy Trinity Armenian Church|access-date=14 December 2010))</ref> There is also an Armenian Christian Fellowship in [[Chiswick]], West London, a non-denominational evangelical church with services in Armenian, English and [[Persian language|Persian]].<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.armenianicf.com/about-us |title=About us |website=www.armenianicf.com |access-date=2020-09-07))</ref> Nearby Chiswick New Cemetery has a significant number of Armenian burials.

== Academia ==
Kevork Tahta Armenian Community Sunday School in London operates under the auspices of Armenian Community of UK, providing inclusive education to promote a better knowledge of the Armenian language and culture.<ref>((Cite web|title=History – K. Tahta Armenian Community Sunday School|url=https://www.kevorktahtaarmenianschool.org/about-us/history/|access-date=2022-01-16|language=en-US))</ref>

The Armenian Institute cultural centre opened in London in 2001.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.armenianinstitute.org.uk/about|title=About|website=Armenian Institute|accessdate=29 January 2024))</ref>

==List of notable British Armenians==
((More citations needed section|date=December 2010))
((See also|Category:British people of Armenian descent|Category:Armenian expatriates in the United Kingdom))
* [[Armen Sarkissian]], 4th president of Armenia 
* [[Levon Chilingirian]] OBE, musician, the founder of the [[Chilingirian Quartet]]
* [[Ara Darzi, Baron Darzi of Denham]] KBE, surgeon and first British-Armenian peer
* [[Sonia Proudman|Dame Sonia Rosemary Susan Proudman]] judge of the [[High Court of Justice|High Court]] of England and Wales
* [[David Dickinson]], antiques expert and television presenter
* [[Calouste Gulbenkian]], one of the founders of [[Royal Dutch Shell]] and oil magnate
* [[Robert Istepanian]], professor of Data Communication at [[Kingston University]]<ref>((Cite web|url=http://cism.kingston.ac.uk/people/details.php?AuthorID=317|title = Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing – Kingston University London))</ref>
* [[Baret Magarian]], novelist
* [[Kevork Malikyan]], actor, various TV roles including ''[[Mind Your Language]]'', and films including ''[[Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade]]'', ''[[Flight of the Phoenix (2004 film)|Flight of the Phoenix]]''
* [[Roland Manookian]], actor, major role in the ''[[The Football Factory (film)|Football Factory]]'' by [[Nick Love]]
* [[Demis Ohandjanian]], football player
* [[Kev Orkian]], musician, comedian, actor
* Zareh Soghomonian, engineer, was included in the list of global 500 leaders of the last century in Science and Engineering International Who's Who of Professionals.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://ewh.ieee.org/conf/isgt/2012/bio_files/ZarehSoghomonian.htm|title = Dr. Zareh Soghomonian))</ref>
* [[Alexander Raphael]], first person of Armenian descent to become a member of the [[British House of Commons|House of Commons]]<ref name="Seth">((cite book|last=Seth|first=Mesrovb Jacob|title=Armenians in India: From the Earliest Times to the Present|location=Calcutta|year=1937|page=595|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BlreO8bmK30C&q=Alexander%20Raphael%2C%20first%20%20Armenian&pg=PA595 | isbn=978-81-206-0812-2 | publisher=Asian Educational Services))</ref>
* [[Ara Paiaya]], producer, director, and actor best known for [[Skin Traffik]].
* [[Andy Serkis]], actor, director, and author best known for playing [[Gollum|Sméagol/Gollum]], in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' film trilogy]]
* [[Joe Strummer]], lead singer of [[The Clash]], musician
* [[Dikran Tahta]], mathematician and teacher
*[[Cosmo Jarvis]], actor

==See also==
* [[Armenia–United Kingdom relations]]
* [[Armenian diaspora]]
* [[Immigration to the United Kingdom]]

==References==
((Reflist))

==Further reading==
* ((Cite journal|doi=10.1080/01419870.1986.9993523|last=Talai|first=Vered Amit|year=1986|title=The circumscription of ethnicity: a case study of the London Armenian community|journal=Ethnic and Racial Studies|volume=9|issue=2|pages=211–18))
* ((Cite book|title=Armenians in London: the management of social boundaries|first=Vered Amit|last=Talai|publisher=Manchester University Press|year=1989|isbn=978-0-7190-2927-1))
* ((Cite book|title=A Survey of the Armenian Community in London|publisher=London Research Centre|year=1990|isbn=978-1-85261-100-2|last=Malik|first=Farah))

==External links==
* [http://www.accc.org.uk/ Armenian Community and Church Council of Great Britain]
* [http://www.caia.org.uk/ Centre for Armenian Information and Advice]
* [http://www.homenetmen.org.uk/ Homenetmen London Armenian Community]

((Armenian diaspora))
((AsiansinUK))

[[Category:British people of Armenian descent|*]]
[[Category:Armenian diaspora by country|United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Armenian diaspora in Europe|United Kingdom]]
[[Category:European diaspora in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Asian diaspora in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Armenia–United Kingdom relations]]

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