Army Group Centre Rear Area
Rückwärtiges Heeresgebiet Mitte
Victims hanged by the German security troops in the Soviet Union, August/September 1941
Active	1941–1944
Country	Nazi Germany
Branch	Army (Wehrmacht)
Part of	Army Group Centre and Army High Command
Engagements	World War II
Commanders
Notable commanders	Max von Schenckendorff Ludwig Kübler Edwin von Rothkirch und Trach

Army Group Centre Rear Area (German: Rückwärtiges Heeresgebiet Mitte) was one of the three Army Group Rear Area Commands, established during the 1941 German invasion of the Soviet Union. Initially commanded by General Max von Schenckendorff, it was an area of military jurisdiction behind Wehrmacht's Army Group Centre.

The Group Centre Rear Area's outward function was to provide security behind the fighting troops. It was also a site of mass murder during The Holocaust and other crimes against humanity targeting the civilian population. In the words of historian Michael Parrish, the army commander "presided over an empire of terror and brutality".^[1]

Organisation

The commander of the Army Group Centre Rear Area, General Max von Schenckendorff, was responsible for the rear area security. Its headquarters was subordinated to Army Group Centre, while also reporting to the Wehrmacht's Quartermaster General Eduard Wagner, who had the overall responsibility for rear area security.^[2]

Schenckendorff controlled three Security Divisions and oversaw the units of Secret Field Police of the Wehrmacht. He operated in parallel, and in cooperation, with Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski, the Higher SS and Police Leaders appointed by the head of the SS, Heinrich Himmler.^[2]

Security warfare and crimes against humanity

The area commanders' duties included security of communications and supply lines, economic exploitation and combatting guerillas (partisans) in Wehrmacht's rear areas, which were the primary tasks of the security divisions.^[3] In addition, security and police formations of the SS and the SD (SS Security Service) operated in the areas, being subordinated to the respective Higher SS and Police Leaders. These units included multiple Einsatzgruppen death squad detachments, Police Regiment Centre and additional Order Police battalions (see Police Battalion 45). These units perpetrated mass murder during The Holocaust and other crimes against humanity.^[4]

The security formations, often in coordination with or under the leadership of the Wehrmacht, conducted security warfare targeting civilian population. The so-called anti-partisan operations in "bandit-infested" areas amounted to destruction of villages, seizure of livestock, deporting of able-bodied population for slave labour to Germany and murder of those of non-working age.^[5]

References

Citations

^ Parrish 1996, p. 127.
^ ^a ^b Megargee 2007, p. 36.
^ Shepherd 2003, p. 70.
^ Brandon & Lower 2008, p. 276.
^ Shepherd 2004, p. 63.

Sources

Brandon, Ray; Lower, Wendy (2008). The Shoah in Ukraine: history, testimony, memorialization. Indiana University Press. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-253-35084-8.
Beorn, Waitman Wade (2014). Marching into Darkness: The Wehrmacht and the Holocaust in Belarus. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-72550-8.
Megargee, Geoffrey P. (2007). War of Annihilation: Combat and Genocide on the Eastern Front, 1941. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-7425-4482-6.
Parrish, Michael (1996). The Lesser Terror: Soviet State Security, 1939–1953. Praeger Press. ISBN 978-0-275-95113-9.
Shepherd, Ben H. (2003). "The Continuum of Brutality: Wehrmacht Security Divisions in Central Russia, 1942". German History. 21 (1): 49–81. doi:10.1191/0266355403gh274oa.
Shepherd, Ben H. (2004). War in the Wild East the German Army and Soviet Partisans. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0674043553.

v t e Wehrmacht Army Group Rear Areas during the German–Soviet War, 1941–45
Army Group Rear Area Command	North Centre South
Commanding organisations	Army High Command Kommandostab Reichsführer-SS Army Group North Army Group Centre Army Group South
Commanders	Erich Friderici Ludwig Kübler Kuno-Hans von Both Franz von Roques Karl von Roques Edwin von Rothkirch Max von Schenckendorff Joachim Witthöft
Security Divisions	201st 203rd 207th 213th 221st (Police Battalion (PB) 309) 281st 285th 286th 403rd 444th 454th 707th
HSS-PF	Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski Friedrich Jeckeln Hans-Adolf Prützmann
Order Police and SS Detachments	Einsatzgruppen (PB 9) Police Regiment North Police Regiment Centre (PB 307, PB 316, PB 322) Police Regiment South (PB 45, PB 303, PB 314) Police Regiment Special Purpose (PB 304, PB 315, PB 320) SS Cavalry Brigade 1st SS Infantry Brigade 2nd SS Infantry Brigade
Milestones	Hunger Plan Hitler's speech of 30 March 1941 Criminal orders (Barbarossa Decree * Commissar Order * Guidelines for the Conduct of the Troops in Russia) Mogilev conference Nazi security warfare
Major crimes	Babi Yar Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre Persecution of Soviet prisoners of war
War crimes trials	High Command Trial Kharkov Trial Krasnodar Trial Minsk Trial Riga Trial Ukase 43
Related articles	The Holocaust War of annihilation War crimes of the Wehrmacht Myth of the clean Wehrmacht
Historiography	Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945 Hitler’s Bandit Hunters Hitler's Generals on Trial Hitler's War in the East 1941−1945 Marching into Darkness: The Wehrmacht and the Holocaust The Wehrmacht: History, Myth, Reality