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((Short description|English Anglican theologian and biochemist))
((Moresources|date=December 2022))
((EngvarB|date=October 2015))
((Use dmy dates|date=October 2015))
((Infobox person
| honorific_prefix   = [[The Reverend]]
| name               = Arthur Peacocke
| honorific_suffix   = ((post-nominals|country=GBR|MBE|size=100%))
| image              = Arthur Peacocke.png
| alt                = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->
| caption            = 
| birth_name         = Arthur Robert Peacocke
| birth_date         = ((birth date|1924|11|29|df=yes))
| birth_place        = [[Watford]], England
| death_date         = ((death date and age|2006|10|21|1924|11|29|df=yes))
| death_place        = [[Oxford]], England
| spouse             = ((marriage|Rosemary Mann|1948))
| children           = ((hlist | [[Christopher Peacocke]] | Jane Brooke))
| awards             = [[Templeton Prize]] (2001)
| website            = <!-- ((URL|example.com)) -->
| module             = ((Infobox clergy |child=yes
| religion           = Christianity ([[Anglican]])
| church             = [[Church of England]]
| ordained           = 1971 (deacon((·))priest)
| congregations      = 
| offices_held       = 
))
| module2            = ((Infobox academic |child=yes
| alma_mater         = ((ubl | [[Exeter College, Oxford]] | [[University of Birmingham]]))
| thesis_title       = 
| thesis_year        = 
| school_tradition   = [[Theological critical realism]]((sfnm |1a1=Du Toit |1y=1997 |1pp=70–71 |2a1=McGrath |2y=2010 |2p=210 |3a1=Smedes |3y=2012 |3p=592))
| doctoral_advisor   = [[Cyril Norman Hinshelwood|Sir Cyril Hinshelwood]]<ref>((cite journal |last=Peacocke |first=Arthur |year=2002 |title=From DNA to Dean |url=http://www.cn.edu/libraries/tiny_mce/tiny_mce/plugins/filemanager/files/library/Carson_Newman_Studies/9-v10n1_2002.pdf |journal=Carson-Newman Studies |volume=10 |issue=1 |page=109 |issn=1081-7727 |access-date=1 September 2020 |archive-date=16 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130216053352/http://www.cn.edu/libraries/tiny_mce/tiny_mce/plugins/filemanager/files/library/Carson_Newman_Studies/9-v10n1_2002.pdf |url-status=dead ))</ref>
| academic_advisors  = 
| influences         = ((flatlist|
* [[Ian Barbour]]((sfn|Russell|2017|p=3))
* [[Geoffrey Lampe]]((sfn|Peacocke|1991|p=483))
* [[Charles E. Raven|Charles Raven]]((sfn|Hefner|2001|p=234))
* [[Pierre Teilhard de Chardin]]((sfn|Hefner|2001|p=234))
* [[William Temple (bishop)|William Temple]]((sfnm |1a1=Hefner |1y=2001 |1p=234 |2a1=Peacocke |2y=1991 |2pp=482–483))
))
| era                = 
| discipline         = ((hlist | [[Biochemistry]] | [[theology]]))
| sub_discipline     = ((hlist | [[Molecular biology]]((sfn|Du Toit|1997|p=68)) | [[physical biochemistry]]((sfn|Du Toit|1997|p=68))))
| workplaces         = ((ubl | [[St Peter's College, Oxford]] | [[Mansfield College, Oxford]] | [[Clare College, Cambridge]] | [[Tulane University]] | [[St Cross College, Oxford]]))
| doctoral_students  = [[David Fell (biochemist)|David Fell]]
| notable_students   = <!--only those with WP articles-->
| main_interests     = [[Relationship between religion and science]]
| notable_works      = ''Theology for a Scientific Age'' (1993)<ref name="Polkinghorne 2006"/>((sfn|Polkinghorne|2013|p=886))
| notable_ideas      = 
| influenced         = <!--must be referenced from a third-party source-->
))
| signature          = 
| signature_alt      = 
))
'''Arthur Robert Peacocke''' ((post-nominals|country=GBR|MBE)) (29 November 1924 – 21 October 2006) was an English [[Anglican]] theologian and biochemist.

==Biography==
Arthur Robert Peacocke was born in [[Watford]], England, on 29 November 1924.((sfn|Craine|2019)) He was educated at [[Watford Grammar School for Boys]],<ref name="Polkinghorne 2006">((cite news |last=Polkinghorne |first=John |author-link=John Polkinghorne |date=6 November 2006 |title=Canon Arthur Peacocke |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/canon-arthur-peacocke-423175.html |work=The Independent |location=London |access-date=27 August 2020))</ref> [[Exeter College, Oxford]] (BA 1945, [[Master of Arts (Oxbridge)|MA]] 1948, BSc 1947, DPhil 1948, DSc 1962, DD 1982), and the [[University of Birmingham]] ([[Diploma|DipTh]] 1960, BD 1971).

He taught at the [[University of Birmingham]] from 1948 until 1959 when he was appointed [[Lecturer#United Kingdom|University Lecturer]] in Biochemistry in the [[University of Oxford]] and [[Fellow#Oxford, Cambridge and Dublin|Fellow and Tutor]] of [[St Peter's College, Oxford|St Peter's College]]. In 1960 he was licensed as a [[lay reader]] for the [[Diocese of Oxford]] and he held this position until 1971, when he was [[Ordination#Eastern.2C Roman.2C and Anglican Christianity|ordained]] [[Deacon#Anglicanism|deacon]] and [[Priest#Anglican or Episcopalian|priest]], unusually, both in the same year.((sfn|Smedes|2012|p=589))

From 1973 until 1984 he was [[Dean (education)#United Kingdom|Dean]], [[Fellow#Oxford, Cambridge and Dublin|Fellow]], and Tutor and Director of Studies in Theology of [[Clare College, Cambridge]],((sfn|Smedes|2012|p=589)) becoming a [[Doctor of Science]] by [[incorporation (academic)|incorporation]] of the [[University of Cambridge]].

In 1984 he spent one year as Professor of Judeo-Christian Studies at [[Tulane University]] in [[New Orleans]]. He returned to St Peter's College the following year, becoming Director of the Ian Ramsey Centre until 1988 and again from 1995 until 1999.((sfn|Schaab|2007|p=6)) He was appointed Honorary Chaplain of [[Christ Church, Oxford]], in ((circa|1988)) and [[Canon (priest)#Honorary canons|Honorary Canon]] in 1994.<ref name="Polkinghorne 2006"/>((sfn|Schaab|2007|p=6)) Apart from one year during which he was Royden B. Davis Professor of Interdisciplinary Studies at [[Georgetown University]] (1994), he spent the rest of his life in [[Oxford]], living in [[St John Street, Oxford|St John Street]], just across the road from another eminent theologian, [[Henry Chadwick (theologian)|Henry Chadwick]].

He had been Select Preacher before the [[University of Oxford]] in 1973 and 1975 and was [[Bampton Lectures|Bampton Lecturer]] in 1978.((sfnm |1a1=McGrath |1y=2010 |1p=210 |2a1=Smedes |2y=2012 |2p=589)) He was [[John Hulse|Hulsean Preacher]] at [[University of Cambridge|Cambridge]] in 1976 and [[Gifford Lectures#St Andrews|Gifford Lecturer]] at [[University of St Andrew's|St Andrew's]] in 1993.((sfn|McGrath|2010|p=210))

Among Peacocke's numerous subsidiary appointments he was the President of the Science and Religion Forum from 1995 until his death, having previous been chairman (1972–78) and Vice-President (1978–92). He became an academic fellow of the [[Institute on Religion in an Age of Science]] in 1986.((sfn|Schaab|2007|p=6)) He founded the [[Society of Ordained Scientists]] in ((circa|1986))((sfnm |1a1=McGrath |1y=2010 |1p=210 |2a1=Schaab |2y=2007 |2p=6 |3a1=Smedes |3y=2012 |3p=589)) and served as its first Warden from 1987 to 1992((sfn|Polkinghorne|2013|p=886)) and Warden Emeritus((sfn|Muray|2008|p=93)) from 1992 until his death. He was also a sometime Vice-President of the [[Modern Church People's Union]] and member of the council of the [[European Society for the Study of Science and Theology]].((sfn|Muray|2008|p=93))

Peacocke was awarded the [[Pierre Lecomte du Noüy|Lecomte du Noüy Prize]]((sfn|Muray|2008|p=93)) in 1983. He received honorary doctorates from [[DePauw University]] (DSc 1983) and [[Georgetown University]] ([[Doctor of Humane Letters|DLittHum]] 1991). He was appointed [[Order of the British Empire|Member of the Order of the British Empire]] by [[Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth II]] in 1993.<ref name="Polkinghorne 2006"/>((sfn|Polkinghorne|2013|p=886)) In 2001 he was awarded the [[Templeton Prize]].((sfnm |1a1=Craine |1y=2019 |2a1=Polkinghorne |2y=2013 |2p=886 |3a1=Smedes |3y=2012 |3p=589))

Arthur Peacocke married Rosemary Mann in 1948.<ref name="Polkinghorne 2006"/> They had a daughter, Jane (born 1953), and a son<ref name="Polkinghorne 2006"/> who is the distinguished philosopher [[Christopher Peacocke]]. They also have five grandchildren and three great-grandchildren.

Peacocke died on 21 October 2006 in Oxford.<ref name="Polkinghorne 2006"/>((sfn|Polkinghorne|2013|p=886))

==Research in biochemistry==

Although Peacocke is best known today for his work in theology (see below) he also published more than eighty papers in biochemistry, particularly in relation to acridines,<ref>((cite journal | doi=10.1039/tf9565200261 | year = 1956 | pages = 261–279 | journal = Trans. Faraday Soc. | title = The interaction of aminoacridines with nucleic acids
| volume = 52 | number = 2 | last1 = Peacocke | first1 = A. R. | last2 = Skerrett | first2 = J. N. H.))</ref> spectroscopy<ref>((cite journal | doi= 10.1038/227242a0 | title = Determination of diffusion coefficients of haemocyanin at low concentration by intensity fluctuation spectroscopy of scattered laser light | journal = Nature  |  volume = 227 | number = 5255 | year = 1970
 | last1 = Foord | first1 = R. | last2 = Jakeman | first2 = E. | last3=Oliver | first3 =C. J. | last6 = Wood  | first6 = E. | last4 = Pike | first4 = E. R. | last5 = Blagrove | first5 = R. J. |  last7 = Peacocke | first7 = A. R. | pages = 242–245
| pmid = 5428189 | bibcode = 1970Natur.227..242F | s2cid = 4164149 ))</ref><ref>((cite journal | doi= 10.1002/bip.360101008 | title = Circular dichroism in ultraviolet of aminoacridines and ethidium bromide bound to {DNA} | last1 = Dalgleish | first1 = D. G. | last2 = Peacocke | first2 = A. R. | last3 = Key | first3 = G. | last4 = Harvey | first4 = C. | journal = Biopolymers | volume = 10 | number=10 | year=1971 | pages = 1853–1863| pmid = 5165064 | s2cid = 20990622 ))</ref>
and enzymology.<ref>((cite journal | journal = Eur. J. Biochem. | doi= 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1972.tb01957.x | year=1972 | volume= 29 | number=1 | pages = 67–73 | last1 = McVittie | first1 = J. D.| last2 = Peacocke | first2 = A. R.  | last3= Esnouf | first3 = M. P. | title = Preparation and properties of triosephosphate isomerase from chicken muscle and a comparison with that from rabbit muscle
| doi-access = free ))</ref>

==Peacocke's views==
Peacocke self-identified as a [[panentheism|panentheist]], which he was careful to distinguish from being a [[pantheism|pantheist]].<ref>Arthur Peacocke, [https://web.archive.org/web/20080623211029/http://www.metanexus.net/magazine/ArticleDetail/tabid/68/id/7422/Default.aspx "PATHS FROM SCIENCE TOWARDS GOD : The End of all our Exploring"], metanexus.net. Accessed 12 December 2022.</ref>

He is perhaps best known for his attempts to argue rigorously that [[evolution]] and Christianity need not be at odds (see ''[[Creation–evolution controversy]]''). He may be the most well-known theological advocate of [[theistic evolution]] as author of the essay "Evolution: The Disguised Friend of Faith?"

Arthur Peacocke describes a position which is referred to elsewhere as "front-loading", after the fact that it suggests that evolution is entirely consistent with an [[omniscience|all-knowing]], [[omnipotence|all-powerful]] God who exists throughout time, sets [[initial conditions]] and [[natural laws]], and knows what the result will be. An implication of Peacocke's particular stance is that all scientific analyses of physical processes reveal God's actions.  All scientific propositions are thus necessarily coherent with religious ones.

According to Peacocke, [[Darwinism]] is not an enemy to religion, but a friend (thus the title of his piece, "The Disguised Friend").  Peacocke offers five basic [[argument]]s in support of his position outlined below.

===Process as immanence===
The process-as-immanence argument is meant to deal with [[Phillip E. Johnson|Phillip Johnson]]'s contention that [[philosophical naturalism|naturalism]] reduces God to a distant entity.  According to Peacocke, God continuously creates the world and sustains it in its general order and structure; He makes things make themselves.  [[Biological evolution]] is an example of this and, according to Peacocke, should be taken as a reminder of God's immanence. It shows us that "God is the Immanent Creator ''creating in and through the processes of natural order'' [italics in original]".((sfn|Peacocke|2001|p=473)) Evolution is the continuous action of God in the world. All "the processes revealed by the sciences, especially evolutionary biology, are in themselves God-acting-as-Creator".((sfn|Peacocke|2001|p=474))

===Chance optimising initial conditions===
The chance-optimizing-initial-conditions argument runs as follows: the role of [[Randomness|chance]] in biological evolution can be reconciled with a purposive creator because "there is a creative interplay of 'chance' and law apparent in the evolution of living matter by natural selection."((sfn|Peacocke|2001|p=475)) There is no metaphysical implication of the physical fact of "chance"; [[randomness]] in mutation of DNA "does not, in itself, preclude these events from displaying regular trends of manifesting inbuilt propensities at the higher levels of organisms, populations and eco-systems."((sfn|Peacocke|2001|p=476)) Chance is to be seen as "eliciting the potentialities that the physical cosmos possessed ab initio."((sfn|Peacocke|2001|p=477))

===Random process of evolution as purposive===
The random-process-of-evolution-as-purposive argument is perhaps best considered an adjunct to the process-as-immanence argument,((Citation needed|date=April 2008)) and a direct response to Johnson's continued references to evolution as "purposeless". Peacocke suggests

((quote|that the evolutionary process is characterized by propensities towards increase in [[complexity]], information-processing and –storage, [[consciousness]], sensitivity to [[pain]], and even [[self-awareness|self-consciousness]]… the actual physical form of the organisms in which these propensities are actualized and instantiated is contingent on the history of the confluence of disparate chains of events, including the survival of the mass extinctions that have occurred.((sfn|Peacocke|2001|p=478))))

===Natural evil as necessity===
The natural-evil-as-necessity argument is meant to be a response to the classic [[philosophy|philosophical argument]] of the [[problem of evil]], which contends that an all-powerful, all-knowing and beneficent God cannot exist as such because [[natural evil]] ([[mudslides]] which crush the legs of innocent children, for instance) occurs.  Peacocke contends that the capacities necessary for consciousness and thus a relationship with God also enable their possessors to experience pain, as necessary for identifying injury and disease.  Preventing the experience of pain would prevent the possibility of consciousness. Peacocke also takes an [[Eastern religions|eastern argument]] for natural evil of that which made must be unmade for a new making to occur; there is no creation without [[wikt:destroy|destruction]]. To Peacocke, it is necessary that [[organisms]] go out of existence for others to come into it.  Thus, pain, suffering and death are necessary evils in a [[universe]] which will result in beings capable of having a relationship with God.  God is said to suffer with His creation because He loves creation, conforming the deity to be consistent with the [[Christian God]].

===Jesus as pinnacle of human evolution===
The Jesus-as-pinnacle-of-human-evolution argument proposed by Peacocke is that [[Jesus Christ]] is

<blockquote>
the actualisation of [evolutionary] potentiality can properly be regarded as the consummation of the purposes of God already incompletely manifested in evolving humanity&nbsp;.... The paradigm of what God intends for all human beings, now revealed as having the potentiality of responding to, of being open to, of becoming united with, God.((sfn|Peacocke|2001|pp=484–485))
</blockquote>

Similar propositions had previously been put by writers such as [[C.&nbsp;S. Lewis]] (in ''[[Mere Christianity]]'') and [[Teilhard de Chardin]].

===Relationship between theology and science typology===
In the introduction to ''The Sciences and Theology in the Twentieth Century'',((sfn|Peacocke|1981|pp=xiii–xv, xviii)) Peacocke lists a set of eight relationships that could fall upon a two-dimensional grid. This list is in part a survey of deliberations that occurred at the [[World Council of Churches]] Conference on "Faith, Science and the Future", Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1979.

#''Science and theology are concerned with two distinct realms''
#*Reality is thought of as a duality, operating within the human world, in terms of natural/supernatural, spatio-temporal/the eternal, the order of nature/the realm of faith, the natural (or physical)/the historical, the physical-and-biological/mind-and-spirit.
#''Science and theology are interacting approaches to the same reality''
#*Accuracy of this view is widely and strongly resisted among those who otherwise differ in their theologies
#''Science and theology are two distinct non-interacting approaches to the same reality''
#*The idea that theology tries to answer the question why, while science tries to answer the question how
#''Science and theology constitute two different language systems''
#*Each are two distinct "language games" whose logical pre-conditions can have no bearing upon each other according to late-[[Wittgenstein]]ian theory
#''Science and theology are generated by quite different attitudes (in their practitioners)''
#*the attitude of science is that of objectivity and logical neutrality; that of theology personal involvement and commitment.
#''Science and theology are both subservient to their objects and can only be defined in relation to them''
#*Both are intellectual disciplines shaped by their object (nature or God) to which they direct their attention. Both include a confessional and a rational factor.<ref>E.g., ((harvnb|Torrance|1969)).</ref>
#''Science and theology may be integrated''
#''Science generates a metaphysic in terms of which theology is then formulated''
#*For example, [[Alfred North Whitehead]]'s [[metaphysics]] forms the basis of [[process theology]]

== See also ==
* [[Faculty of Theology and Religion, University of Oxford]]
* [[List of scholars on the relationship between religion and science]]
* [[Open theism]]
* [[Philosophical theology]]
* [[Religious naturalism]]
* [[Theological critical realism]]
* [[Theophysics]]

==References==
===Footnotes===
((reflist|22em))

===Bibliography===
((refbegin|35em|indent=yes))
* ((cite encyclopedia
|last=Craine
|first=Anthony G.
|year=2019
|title=Arthur Peacocke
|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Arthur-Peacocke
|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica
|access-date=25 August 2020
))
* ((cite book
|year=2001
|title=Crockford's Clerical Directory
|edition=97th
|location=London
|publisher=Church House Publishing
|page=578
))
* ((cite book
|year=1999
|title=Debrett's People of Today
|edition=12th
|location=London
|publisher=Debrett's Peerage
|page=1522
))
* ((cite journal
|last=Du Toit
|first=C.
|year=1997
|title=The Contribution of Arthur Peacocke to the Science–Theology Debate
|journal=Skrif en Kerk
|volume=18
|issue=1
|pages=67–85
|doi=10.4102/ve.v18i1.1125
|doi-access=free
|issn=0257-8891
|hdl=2263/20857
|hdl-access=free
))
* ((cite encyclopedia
|last=Hefner
|first=Philip
|author-link=Philip Hefner
|year=2001
|title=Evolution
|editor1-last=Fahlbusch
|editor1-first=Erwin
|editor1-link=Erwin Fahlbusch
|editor2-last=Lochman
|editor2-first=Jan Milič
|editor2-link=Jan Milic Lochman
|editor3-last=Mbiti
|editor3-first=John
|editor3-link=John Mbiti
|editor4-last=Pelikan
|editor4-first=Jaroslav
|editor4-link=Jaroslav Pelikan
|editor5-last=Vischer
|editor5-first=Lukas
|editor5-link=Lukas Vischer (theologian)
|encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Christianity
|volume=2
|location=Grand Rapids, Michigan
|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company
|pages=228–236
|isbn=978-0-8028-2414-1
))
* ((cite book
|last=McGrath
|first=Alister E.
|author-link=Alister McGrath
|year=2010
|title=Science and Religion: A New Introduction
|edition=2nd
|location=Malden, Massachusetts
|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell
|isbn=978-1-405-18790-9
))
* ((cite book
|last=Muray
|first=Leslie A.
|year=2008
|title=Liberal Protestantism and Science
|location=Westport, Connecticut
|publisher=Greenwood Press
|isbn=978-0-313-33701-7
))
* ((cite book
|year=1981
|editor-last=Peacocke
|editor-first=Arthur
|title=The Sciences and Theology in the Twentieth Century
|location=Notre Dame, Indiana
|publisher=University of Notre Dame Press
|isbn=978-0-268-01704-0
))
* ((cite journal
|last=Peacocke
|first=Arthur
|author-mask=((long dash))
|year=1991
|title=From DNA to Dean
|journal=Zygon
|volume=26
|issue=4
|pages=477–493
|doi=10.1111/j.1467-9744.1991.tb00901.x
|issn=0591-2385
))
* ((cite book
|last=Peacocke
|first=Arthur
|author-mask=((long dash))
|year=2001
|chapter=Welcoming the 'Disguised Friend'&nbsp;– Darwinism and Divinity
|editor-last=Pennock
|editor-first=Robert T.
|editor-link=Robert T. Pennock
|title=Intelligent Design Creationism and Its Critics: Philosophical, Theological, and Scientific Perspectives
|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts
|publisher=MIT Press
|pages=471–486
|isbn=978-0-262-66124-9
))
* ((cite encyclopedia
|last=Polkinghorne
|first=John
|author-link=John Polkinghorne
|year=2013
|title=Peacocke, Arthur Robert (1924–2006)
|editor-last=Goldman
|editor-first=Lawrence
|editor-link=Lawrence Goldman
|encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
|location=Oxford
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|isbn=978-0-19-967154-0
))
* ((cite journal
|last=Russell
|first=Robert John
|author-link=Robert John Russell
|year=2017
|title=Assessing Ian G. Barbour's Contributions to Theology and Science
|journal=Theology and Science
|volume=15
|issue=1
|pages=1–4
|doi=10.1080/14746700.2016.1265225
|doi-access=free
|issn=1474-6719
))
* ((cite book
|last=Schaab
|first=Gloria L.
|year=2007
|title=Creative Suffering of the Triune God: An Evolutionary Theology
|location=New York
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|doi=10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195329124.001.0001
|isbn=978-0-19-532912-4
))
* ((cite book
|last=Smedes
|first=Taede A.
|author-link=Taede A. Smedes
|year=2012
|chapter=Arthur Peacocke
|editor1-last=Stump
|editor1-first=J.&nbsp;B.
|editor2-last=Padgett
|editor2-first=Alan G.
|title=[[The Blackwell Companion to Science and Christianity]]
|location=Malden, Massachusetts
|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell
|pages=589–599
|doi=10.1002/9781118241455.ch51
|isbn=978-1-118-25650-3
))
* ((cite book
|last=Torrance
|first=Thomas F.
|author-link=Thomas F. Torrance
|year=1969
|title=Theological Science
|location=London
|publisher=Oxford University Press
))
((refend))

==Further reading==
((refbegin|35em|indent=yes))
* ((cite book
|last=Polkinghorne
|first=John
|author-link=John Polkinghorne
|year=1996
|title=Scientists as Theologians: A Comparison of the Writings of Ian Barbour, Arthur Peacocke and John Polkinghorne
|location=London
|publisher=SPCK
|isbn=978-0-281-04945-5
))
* ((cite book
|last=Smedes
|first=Taede A.
|author-link=Taede A. Smedes
|year=2004
|title=Chaos, Complexity, and God: Divine Action and Scientism
|location=Leuven, Belgium
|publisher=Peeters
|isbn=978-90-429-1521-3
))
((refend))

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130529005339/http://www.giffordlectures.org/Author.asp?AuthorID=255 ''Arthur Peacocke''] some biographical notes on the [[Gifford Lectures]] website, with some background on the lectures: ''Theology for a Scientific Age'' (published in book form during 1993 ((ISBN|978-0800627591))) 
*[http://www.faithnet.org.uk/AS%20Subjects/Philosophyofreligion/peacocke.htm Arthur Peacocke and Humanity's Place in Cosmic Evolution]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060707100930/http://home.earthlink.net/~jjkeggi/SOSc/22_Peacocke.html Society of Ordained Scientists article by him]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070206040429/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?view=DETAILS&grid=&xml=/news/2006/10/25/db2501.xml Daily Telegraph obituary]

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