Astara
Ostoro | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Astara | |
| Coordinates: 38°27′22″N 48°52′43″E / 38.45611°N 48.87861°E | |
| Country | Azerbaijan |
| District | Astara |
| Elevation | −22 m (−72 ft) |
| Population (2008) | |
| • Total | 16,130[1] |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (AZT) |
| Area code | +994 195 |
Astara (Talysh: Ostoro) is a city in and the capital of the Astara District of Azerbaijan. Astara is a short walk across the border from Astara, Iran.
Astara has a borderline humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfa) and a hot-summer mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa). Astara has cool, wet winters and very warm, highly humid summers, nevertheless with lower precipitation. The annual precipitation of the city, however, is one of the highest in Azerbaijan.
| Climate data for Astara (1971-1990 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.7 (45.9) |
7.7 (45.9) |
10.5 (50.9) |
16.4 (61.5) |
21.5 (70.7) |
26.6 (79.9) |
29.9 (85.8) |
29.0 (84.2) |
25.5 (77.9) |
19.6 (67.3) |
14.7 (58.5) |
10.9 (51.6) |
18.3 (65.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.5 (40.1) |
4.7 (40.5) |
6.4 (43.5) |
11.4 (52.5) |
16.6 (61.9) |
21.2 (70.2) |
24.2 (75.6) |
23.3 (73.9) |
20.3 (68.5) |
15.4 (59.7) |
10.7 (51.3) |
6.8 (44.2) |
13.8 (56.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.4 (36.3) |
2.5 (36.5) |
4.9 (40.8) |
9.6 (49.3) |
14.2 (57.6) |
18.7 (65.7) |
20.8 (69.4) |
20.6 (69.1) |
18.3 (64.9) |
13.6 (56.5) |
8.5 (47.3) |
4.3 (39.7) |
11.5 (52.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 85.0 (3.35) |
89.0 (3.50) |
99.0 (3.90) |
54.0 (2.13) |
56.0 (2.20) |
35.0 (1.38) |
34.0 (1.34) |
64.0 (2.52) |
190.0 (7.48) |
288.0 (11.34) |
167.0 (6.57) |
103.0 (4.06) |
1,264 (49.77) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 9 | 9 | 12 | 7 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 14 | 11 | 9 | 100 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 5.1 | 6.7 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 8.0 | 6.2 | 4.1 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 5.5 |
| Source: DWD[2] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Astara | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.1 (71.8) |
26.1 (79.0) |
28.8 (83.8) |
29.0 (84.2) |
33.4 (92.1) |
38.0 (100.4) |
38.0 (100.4) |
40.0 (104.0) |
40.0 (104.0) |
31.3 (88.3) |
28.7 (83.7) |
25.7 (78.3) |
40.0 (104.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.8 (47.8) |
8.8 (47.8) |
10.6 (51.1) |
15.6 (60.1) |
21.2 (70.2) |
25.8 (78.4) |
29.5 (85.1) |
29.0 (84.2) |
25.1 (77.2) |
19.6 (67.3) |
14.6 (58.3) |
10.7 (51.3) |
18.5 (65.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.2 (37.8) |
3.2 (37.8) |
5.5 (41.9) |
9.5 (49.1) |
14.5 (58.1) |
18.0 (64.4) |
21.1 (70.0) |
21.1 (70.0) |
18.2 (64.8) |
13.7 (56.7) |
8.8 (47.8) |
4.7 (40.5) |
12.0 (53.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −7.8 (18.0) |
−13 (9) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−3.9 (25.0) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
6.0 (42.8) |
11.1 (52.0) |
10.0 (50.0) |
10.0 (50.0) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
−15 (5) |
−15 (5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 85 (3.3) |
89 (3.5) |
99 (3.9) |
54 (2.1) |
56 (2.2) |
35 (1.4) |
34 (1.3) |
64 (2.5) |
190 (7.5) |
288 (11.3) |
167 (6.6) |
103 (4.1) |
1,264 (49.7) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 113.3 | 99.4 | 110.9 | 152.4 | 208.9 | 268.3 | 284.9 | 248.5 | 185.9 | 127.3 | 101.5 | 110.9 | 2,012.2 |
| Source: climatebase.ru[3] | |||||||||||||
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Main article: Caspian Sea |
The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. It is an endorheic basin (a basin without outflows) located between Europe and Asia, to the east of the Caucasus Mountains and to the west of the broad steppe of Central Asia. The sea has a surface area of 371,000 km2 (143,000 sq mi) (excluding the detached lagoon of Garabogazköl) and a volume of 78,200 km3 (18,800 cu mi). It has a salinity of approximately 1.2% (12 g/L), about a third of the salinity of most seawater that is found in the region.
|
Main article: Astara TV Tower |
As the demand for television broadcasting and telecommunication rises during the early 1980s, the Astara TV Tower was built. The television tower was uniquely designed, as its pinnacle is guyed to a horizontal cross-like steel structure.[1][4]
Located next to the Iranian border, Astara attracts numerous visitors from Iran, going to Azerbaijan to purchase goods and services that may not be as readily available in Iran.[5]
Astara is currently served by a broad gauge railway only headed north. A standard gauge connection to the Iranian railway network along the shore of the Caspian Sea is planned. This break of gauge station is likely to be equipped with bogie exchange and SUW 2000 variable gauge axle track gauge changing facility.[citation needed]
