| Astrantia carniolica | |
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| Species: | A. carniolica
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| Astrantia carniolica Wulfen
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Astrantia carniolica is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae.
The specific epithet carniolica, meaning 'coming from Carniola'.[1] Carniola was a historical region that comprised parts of present-day Slovenia. distinguishes this species from its other relatives Astrantia minor and Astrantia major.
Astrantia carniolica reaches on average less than 60 centimetres (24 in) of height. The stem is erect and glabrous, with little branches and few leaves. The basal leaves have a long petiole 10–20 centimetres (3.9–7.9 in), 3 to 7 lobes and toothed segments. Size: 8–15 centimetres (3.1–5.9 in). The cauline leaves are generally two, sessile, amplexicaul and lanceolate-shaped with a trilobed apex. The inflorescence is umbrella-shaped, with 2–3 centimetres (0.79–1.18 in) of diameter. The floral bracts are numerous (10 - 20), 10–18 millimetres (0.39–0.71 in) long, reddish (sometimes white) with acuminate apex. The small flowers are pinkish-red. The central ones are hermaphrodite, while the external ones are male. The petals are pinkish-red, while the stamens are five and much longer. Size of the flowers: about 1 mm. The flowering period extends from June through September.
Astrantia carniolica is an entomophilous plant, mainly pollinated by beetles, but also by other insects. This perennial plant reproduces itself also by means of buds present at the ground level.
These plants native of Europe and Western Asia are widespread in southern Europe (Pyrenees, Carpathians and Balkans), but also in the Caucasus up to Anatolia. They have been introduced into the British Isles and are well established in various localities.
They are common in mountain meadows and grasslands, in forests and clearings and close to the streams, usually on calcareous soils, at an altitude of 100–2,300 metres (330–7,550 ft) above sea level.
(need to check if any available) − * Astrantia major L. subsp. carinthiaca (Hoppe) Arcang. : Larger umbels (4–5 cm in diameter) widespread mainly in the eastern Alps.
Many strains of Astrantia carniolicagrow well in the garden, given some shade and moisture. Their flowerheads provide summer colour in shades of red, pink and white.
The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:- Other cultivars include:-
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