August Adolf Eisenlohr (6 October 1832, Mannheim – 24 February 1902, Heidelberg) was a German Egyptologist.

He studied theology and sciences at the universities of Heidelberg and Göttingen, and spent several years involved in the chemical manufacturing business. In 1862 he introduced a process for producing aniline blue.^[1] In 1865 he resumed his education, taking classes in Egyptian language studies. In 1869 he received his habilitation for Egyptology at Heidelberg and in 1869/70 conducted research in Egypt. In 1885 he became an honorary professor at the University of Heidelberg, where he taught classes in Egyptian archaeology and Semitic languages.^[2][3]

In 1877 he was the first to publish an edition of the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus, considered to be the most important mathematical text discovered in Egypt.^[4]

Published works

• Analytische Erklärung des demotischen Theiles der Rosettana Z. 1–8, 1869 (habilitation thesis) – Analytical explanation of the Demotic part of Tabula Rosettana, lines 1-8.
• Der große Papyrus Harris : Ein wichtiger Beitrag zur ägyptischen Geschichte, ein 3000 Jahr altes Zeugniß für die mosaische Religionsstiftung enthaltend, 1872 – The Harris Papyrus: an important contribution to Egyptian history.
• Ein mathematisches Handbuch der alten Aegypter : (Papyrus Rhind des British Museum), 1877 – A mathematical handbook of the ancient Egyptians: (Rhind papyrus of the British Museum).
• Corpus papyrorum Aegypti a Revillout et Eisenlohr editum, 1885-1892 (with Eugène Revillout).
• Ein altbabylonischer Felderplan nach Mittheilungen von F. V. Scheil, 1896 (as editor) – An Old Babylonian field plan according to Father Jean-Vincent Scheil.^[5]