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((refimprove|date=October 2022))
((Short description|German Nazi, SS-Obergruppenführer))
((Infobox military person
|honorific_prefix = 
|name             = August Heissmeyer
|honorific_suffix = 
|image            = Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R38093, August Heißmeyer.jpg
|image_upright    = 
|alt              = 
|caption          = 
|birth_name       = August Heißmeyer
|other_name       = 
|nickname         = 
|birth_date       = ((birth date|1897|1|11|df=y))
|birth_place      = [[Aerzen]], [[German Empire]]
|death_date       = ((death date and age|1979|1|16|1897|1|11|df=y))
|death_place      = [[Schwäbisch Hall]], [[West Germany]]
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|allegiance       = ((flag|German Empire))<br>((flag|Nazi Germany))
|branch           = ((Army|German Empire))<br>((flagicon image|Flag of the Schutzstaffel.svg)) ''[[Schutzstaffel]]''
|branch_label     = Branch
|serviceyears     = 1914–1918<br/>1939–1945
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|rank             = ''[[Obergruppenführer]]''
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|battles          = [[World War I]]<br />[[World War II]]
|battles_label    = 
|awards           = [[Iron Cross]], 1st and 2nd class
|memorials        = 
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))

'''August Heißmeyer''' or '''Heissmeyer''', (11 January 1897 – 16 January 1979), was a German [[Schutzstaffel|SS]] functionary during the [[Nazi era]]. He commanded the [[SS Main Office]] in 1935–1939. After [[World War II]], Heissmeyer was tried and convicted as a "major Nazi offender".

==Early life==
After finishing school, Heissmeyer joined the [[Prussia]]n military. In [[World War I]], in August 1914 he volunteered for the Prussian army. Participant of the First World War, from October 1914 he served in the 164th Infantry Regiment, lieutenant (August 6, 1916), company commander. From August 1917 until the end of the war he was a pilot. He was awarded the [[Iron Cross]] 1st and 2nd Class for his distinguished service. After the end of the war, Heissmeier was a member of the [[Freikorps]] and in 1920 participated in the [[Kapp Putsch]]. After giving up his studies, he was employed as a driving teacher. In 1923 he first came into contact with the [[Nazi Party]], which he joined in 1925. In early 1926, Heissmeyer joined the ''[[Sturmabteilung]]'' (SA) where he was responsible for building up the ''SA-Gausturm Hannover-Süd'' and was for a time, from 1927 to April 1928, the acting Deputy ''[[Gauleiter]]''.<ref>Michael D. Miller & Andreas Schulz: Gauleiter: The Regional Leaders of the Nazi Party and Their Deputies, 1925–1945, Volume 1 (Herbert Albrecht - H. Wilhelm Hüttmann), R. James Bender Publishing, 2012, p. 43 ((ISBN|978-1-932-97021-0 )).</ref> In 1940 Heissmeyer, previously married with six children in his custody, married [[Gertrud Scholtz-Klink]], the ''Reichsfrauenführerin'' (Reich Women's Leader), who had two previous marriages herself.

==SS career==
Heissmeyer joined the ''[[Schutzstaffel]]'' (SS) in January 1930. From 1932, Heissmeyer was posted to the [[SS Main Office]], becoming its leader in 1935 and relieving [[Heinrich Himmler]] from that specific position. On 9 November 1936, Heissmeyer was promoted to SS-''[[Obergruppenführer]]'' (general) and Inspector of the [[National Political Institutes of Education]]. In 1939, Heissmeyer was appointed ''SS Oberabschnittsleiter'' "East" and in 1940 as [[HSSPF]] (Higher SS and Police Leader) Spree, where he was in charge of the [[Berlin]]-[[Brandenburg]] area. 

August Heissmeyer took over the command of the ''SS Totenkopf Standarte'' in 1940 from the outgoing [[Theodor Eicke]], who in 1939 had begun commanding a combat SS division ([[SS Division Totenkopf]]) and therefore gave his supervision over the [[Nazi concentration camp|concentration camp]]s back to the [[SS Führungshauptamt|SS Leadership Main  Office]]. Heissmeyer was provisionally in charge of this bureau until May 1942. [[Richard Glücks]] took over the position, and became the chief of the [[Concentration Camps Inspectorate]]. In April 1945, Heissmeyer was given command of ''[[Kampfgruppe]]'' "Heissmeyer", a collection of ''[[Volkssturm]]'' militia and [[Hitler Youth]] who were given the task of protecting the [[Spandau]] airfield outside [[Berlin]]. 

==Post-war trial and conviction==
At the end of [[World War II]] in Europe, Scholtz-Klink and Heissmeyer fled from the [[Battle of Berlin]]. After the fall of Nazi Germany, in the summer of 1945, she was briefly detained in a Soviet prisoner of war camp near [[Magdeburg]], but escaped shortly afterwards. With the assistance of [[Princess Pauline of Württemberg (1877–1965)|Princess Pauline of Württemberg]], she and her third husband went into hiding in [[Bebenhausen]] near [[Tübingen]]. They spent the subsequent three years under the aliases of Heinrich and Maria Stuckebrock. On 29 February 1948, the couple were identified and arrested by French authorities near [[Tübingen]] and held for trial the following month. He served 18 months in prison before being released in 1949. The following year, he was sentenced by the [[denazification]] appeals court to three years of imprisonment and the forfeiture of property as a "major Nazi offender". His nephew [[Kurt Heissmeyer]], an SS physician, was also convicted.

After his release, Heissmeyer went to live in [[Schwäbisch Hall (district)|Schwäbisch Hall]] and became the director of the West German [[Coca-Cola]] bottling plant. He died on 16 January 1979, five days after his 82nd birthday.

== References ==
((reflist))

==External links==
* ((DNB portal|121027627|TYP=))
* ((PM20|FID=pe/007482))

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Heißmeyer, August))
[[Category:1897 births]]
[[Category:1979 deaths]]
[[Category:Coca-Cola people]]
[[Category:German Army personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Kapp Putsch participants]]
[[Category:Nazi Party officials]]
[[Category:Nazis convicted of crimes]]
[[Category:People from Hameln-Pyrmont]]
[[Category:People from the Province of Hanover]]
[[Category:Prussian Army personnel]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class]]
[[Category:SS and Police Leaders]]
[[Category:SS-Obergruppenführer]]
[[Category:Sturmabteilung officers]]
[[Category:20th-century Freikorps personnel]]
[[Category:Volkssturm personnel]]
[[Category:Waffen-SS personnel]]
[[Category:Prisoners and detainees of France]]

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