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Baba Ratan Hindi (Arabic: بابا رتن الهندي; Punjabi: رتن ہندی بابا) was one of the non-Arab companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.[1][2][3][4][5] Baba was born in the City of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. he was a trader who used to take goods from Pakistan, Afghanistan and India to Arabia. There is also a dargah named after him, the Haji Ratan Dargah in Bathinda, India.[6] People who migrated to Pakistan from modern-day India during the Partition of India in 1947 still remember him.[7]

Description

No authentic historical reference about Baba Ratan is available, whatever is known about him is based on the prevalent oral traditions.[8] According to local traditions, he was a companion of the Muhammad and was blessed to live over 700 years.[7][9] The first reference to Baba Ratan dates back to the 12th century.[7] There are several narratives around him, some ascribing him as a disciple of Gorakhnath. Others associate him with the prophet Muhammad, who foretold his birth at Mecca in Arabia where he travelled during Hajj, before finally settling in Bathinda in Punjab after his reported conversion to Islam.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ Heesterman, J. C. (1989). India and Indonesia: General Perspectives. BRILL. ISBN 9004083650.
  2. ^ Köprülü, Mehmet Fuat (2006). Early Mystics in Turkish Literature. Psychology Press. p. 79. ISBN 978-0-415-36686-1.
  3. ^ Suvorova, Anna (2004-07-22). Muslim Saints of South Asia: The Eleventh to Fifteenth Centuries. Routledge. p. 220. ISBN 978-1-134-37006-1.
  4. ^ Lindquist, Steven E. (2013-12-01). Religion and Identity in South Asia and Beyond: Essays in Honor of Patrick Olivelle. Anthem Press. p. 254. ISBN 978-1-78308-067-0.
  5. ^ Basham, A. L. (1997). A Cultural History of India. OUP India. ISBN 978-0-19-563921-6.
  6. ^ PARIHAR, SUBHASH (2001). "The Dargāh of Bābā Ḥājī Ratan at Bhatinda". Islamic Studies. 40 (1): 105–132. ISSN 0578-8072. JSTOR 20837077.
  7. ^ a b c d Snehi, Yogesh (2019-04-24). Spatializing Popular Sufi Shrines in Punjab: Dreams, Memories, Territoriality. Taylor & Francis. p. 190. ISBN 978-0-429-51563-7.
  8. ^ Parihar, Subhash (2001). "The Dargāh of Bābā Ḥājī Ratan at Bhatinda". Islamic Studies. 40 (1): 105–132. JSTOR 20837077.
  9. ^ Hanif, N. (2000). Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: South Asia. Sarup & Sons. p. 328. ISBN 978-81-7625-087-0.
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