Baboon syndrome
SpecialtyDermatology

Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE), popularly known as baboon syndrome because of its resemblance to the distinctive red buttocks displayed by female baboons, is a systemic dermatitis characterized by well-demarcated patches of erythema distributed symmetrically on the buttocks.[1] The cause of the syndrome may be drug-related: i.e., induced by systemic administration of hydroxyzine,[2] penicillin,[3] iodinated radio contrast media,[4] and others.

Symptoms and signs

The typical rash commonly appears on buttocks. This then resembles the colour of a baboon's buttocks. Other areas like upper inner thigh and armpits, may be affected by the rash. The rashes are red and well-defined. The presentation is typically symmetrical and not associated with systemic symptoms.[5]

Cause

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Diagnosis

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Treatment

Treatment of symmetrical drug related intertriginous and flexural exanthema involves identifying and stopping the causative agent. Topical steroids can help to reduce the redness.[6]

Epidemiology

Baboon syndrome affects both sexes equally, and can occur at any age, but seems to be more common in childhood than in adulthood.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ Rapini RP, Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
  2. ^ Akkari H, Belhadjali H, Youssef M, Mokni S, Zili J (May 2013). "Baboon syndrome induced by hydroxyzine". Indian Journal of Dermatology. 58 (3): 244. doi:10.4103/0019-5154.110871. PMC 3667318. PMID 23723506.
  3. ^ Handisurya A, Stingl G, Wöhrl S (April 2009). "SDRIFE (baboon syndrome) induced by penicillin". Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 34 (3): 355–357. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.2008.02911.x. PMID 18699835. S2CID 205277115.
  4. ^ Arnold AW, Hausermann P, Bach S, Bircher AJ (2007). "Recurrent flexural exanthema (SDRIFE or baboon syndrome) after administration of two different iodinated radio contrast media". Dermatology. 214 (1): 89–93. doi:10.1159/000096920. PMID 17191055. S2CID 32523752.
  5. ^ Utaş S, Ferahbaş A (2009). "Baboon syndrome and segmental vitiligo coexistence". The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics. 51 (4): 392–394. PMID 19950853.
  6. ^ Duffill M, Oakley A, Vos A, Nixon R, Mitchell G. "Symmetrical drug related intertriginous and flexural exanthema". DermNet NZ. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
  7. ^ Moreno-Ramírez D, García-Bravo B, Pichardo AR, Rubio FP, Martínez FC (2004). "Baboon syndrome in childhood: easy to avoid, easy to diagnose, but the problem continues". Pediatric Dermatology. 21 (3): 250–253. doi:10.1111/j.0736-8046.2004.21313.x. PMID 15165206. S2CID 30607230.
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