Bambusa oldhamii
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Genus: Bambusa
Species:
B. oldhamii
Binomial name
Bambusa oldhamii
Munro
Synonyms[1]
  • Arundarbor oldhamii (Munro) Kuntze
  • Leleba oldhamii (Munro) Nakai
  • Sinocalamus oldhamii (Munro) McClure
  • Dendrocalamopsis oldhamii (Munro) Keng f.
  • Bambusa atrovirens T.H.Wen
  • Dendrocalamopsis atrovirens (T.H.Wen) Keng f. ex W.T.Lin
  • Neosinocalamus revolutus (W.T.Lin & J.Y.Lin) T.H.Wen
  • Bambusa revoluta (W.T.Lin & J.Y.Lin) N.H.Xia, R.H.Wang & R.S.Lin

Bambusa oldhamii, known as giant timber bamboo or Oldham's bamboo, is a large species of bamboo. It is the most common and widely grown bamboo in the United States and has been introduced into cultivation around the world. It is densely foliated, growing up to 20 metres (65 feet) tall in good conditions, and can have a diameter of up to 10 centimetres (4 inches).

Description

Bambusa oldhamii grows to 17–20 m (56–66 ft) in height, with green culms reaching a maximum of 10 cm (4 in) in diameter.[2] Shoots grow rapidly in warmer months. The branches are short and leaves long.[3]

Taxonomy

It was first described by Munro in 1868, the type specimen collected in Taiwan by Oldham (after whom the species was named). It is grouped in the subgenus Dendrocalamopsis. Dendrocalamus latiflorus is a misapplied name, under which it has been sold in the United States. It has also been confused with the related species B. atrovirens of Zhejiang in mainland China.[2]

Distribution and habitat

B. oldhamii is native to the island of Taiwan and to southern China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Zhejiang). It is widely cultivated and has become naturalized in several places (Ryukyu Islands, New Zealand, Chiapas, Honduras, Peru, etc.)[1][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]

Cultivation

It has been introduced into cultivation around the world; it is grown under glass in Germany,[2] and in Australia, Puerto Rico, Florida, Texas, Tennessee, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Oklahoma, Kentucky, Georgia, Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, Arizona, Nevada, Hawaii, Louisiana, and California, where it is the most common clumping bamboo grown.[2] The maximum height in cultivation varies with the temperature. It tolerates temperatures down to -7 °C (20 °F).[3]

In Taiwan and China, the young shoots of B. oldhamii are highly sought after due to their crisp texture and sweet taste.[11] Cultivation in Taiwan has declined with many stands of bamboo converted to pineapple production, a number of subsidy and support programs have been established as the cultivated bamboo groves provide valuable wildlife habitat and their destruction challenges the endangered farmland green tree frog (Zhangixalus arvalis).[12]

The culms are used for furniture making, but are not suited to construction.[3]

References

  1. ^ a b "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew".
  2. ^ a b c d Ohrnberger, Dieter (1999). The Bamboos of the World. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 271–72. ISBN 0-444-50020-0.
  3. ^ a b c Meredith, Ted (2001). Bamboo for gardens. Timber Press. pp. 251–52. ISBN 0-88192-507-1.
  4. ^ Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 36, 绿竹 lü zhu, Bambusa oldhamii Munro, Trans. Linn. Soc. London. 26: 109. 1868
  5. ^ Walker, E.H. (1976). Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu islands: 1-1159. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C., U.S.A.
  6. ^ Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286.
  7. ^ Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181.
  8. ^ Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  9. ^ Edgar, E & Connor, H.E. (2010). Flora of New Zealand, ed. 2, 5: 1-650. R.E.Owen, Government Printer, Wellington.
  10. ^ Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  11. ^ 香筍入菜, 行政院農業委員會, archived from the original on 2016-10-06, retrieved 2015-08-12
  12. ^ Kuo-fang, Huang; Hsu, Elizabeth. "Forestry Bureau promotes new strategy to protect endangered tree frog". focustaiwan.tw. Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 4 February 2022.
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