Baneh
Persian: بانه
City
Panorama view of Baneh
Panorama view of Baneh
Baneh is located in Iran
Baneh
Baneh
Baneh is located in Iran Kurdistan
Baneh
Baneh
Coordinates: 35°59′49″N 45°53′07″E / 35.99694°N 45.88528°E / 35.99694; 45.88528[1]
Country Iran
ProvinceKurdistan
CountyBaneh
DistrictCentral
Area
 • Total1,584.5 km2 (611.8 sq mi)
Elevation
1,554 m (5,098 ft)
Population
 (2016)[2]
 • Total110,218
 • Density70/km2 (180/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+3:30 (IRST)
Area code087-342
Websitewww.banehcity.ir

Baneh (Persian: بانه), also Romanized as Bāneh);[3] (Kurdish: بانە), also Romanized as Bane,[4][5] is a city in the Central District of Baneh County, Kurdistan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.[6] Baneh is approximately 30 km (18 miles) from Kurdistan Region in Iraq.

At the 2006 National Census, its population was 69,635 in 15,857 households.[7] The following census in 2011 counted 85,190 people in 22,149 households.[8] The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 110,218 people in 30,743 households.[2] After the cities of Sanandaj, Marivan and Saqqez.[clarification needed]

History

Historically, Baneh had a strategic and political importance due to its close proximity to the Ottoman Empire. The city was part of the three Kurdish principalities; Ardalan, Baban and Mokryan.[9]

The old city had two citadels and was generally ruled by the Eḵtīār-al-Dīn family who held both religious and secular power of the city. The family was held in high steem during the Safavid era and received the title 'sultan'. Moreover, rulers of Baneh had the responsibility of protecting the whole area from Khoy to Kermanshah. In the 16th century, Mīrzā Beg b. Mīr Moḥammad became the first virtually independent ruler of Baneh and its surroundings.[9]

During the 18th and 19th centuries, the city was plagued with epidemics which killed a large portion of the population. In 1944, the city experienced turmoil as part of the Hama Rashid revolt and was also bombed by both parties during the Iran–Iraq War in the 1980s. Most locals fled to Iraq during the war and much of the region was destroyed.[9]

Demographics

The population is mostly Shafiʽi Kurdish who speak Sorani.[9]

People

Gallery

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Baneh.

References

  1. ^ OpenStreetMap contributors (16 August 2023). "Baneh, Baneh County" (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  2. ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 12. Archived from the original (Excel) on 8 May 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  3. ^ Baneh can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3055216" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
  4. ^ "ئێوەش پشتیوانی ماڵی ڕێکخراوی مافی مرۆڤیی"هەنگاو" بن" (in Kurdish). Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  5. ^ "Hengaw- Li devera Bane ya Rojhilatê Kurdistanê kolberekî kurd di encama êrişa pasdarên Îranê de hat kuştin" (in Kurdish). Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  6. ^ Habibi, Hassan (21 June 1369). "Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of Kurdistan province, centered in the city of Sanandaj". Islamic Parliament Research Center of the Islamic Republic of Iran (in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Board. Archived from the original on 23 October 2018. Retrieved 22 January 2024.
  7. ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 12. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  8. ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)". Syracuse University (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 12. Archived from the original (Excel) on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  9. ^ a b c d Marduk, A. (1988). "BĀNA". Encyclopedia Iranica.
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