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((about|the church in San Antonio, Texas, United States|the church in Royal Oak, Michigan, United States|National Shrine of the Little Flower|other uses|Little Flower (disambiguation)))
((Redirect|Our Lady of Mount Carmel and St. Therese Church|the shrine in Darien, Illinois, United States|National Shrine of St Therese|other topics|Mount Carmel (disambiguation)|and|Saint Therese (disambiguation)))
((Refimprove|date=October 2009))
((Infobox nrhp
| name         = Our Lady of Mount Carmel and St. Therese Church
| nrhp_type    =
| image        = Basicilica Minor SA5.jpg
| caption      =
| location     = 1715 N. Zarzamora St., [[San Antonio, Texas]]
| coordinates  = ((coord|29|26|45|N|98|31|30|W|display=inline,title))
| locmapin     = Texas
| built        = 1926-1931
| architect    = Monnot, Charles L. Jr.; Dennehy Construction Co.
| architecture = Beaux Arts
| added        = July 09, 1998
| area         = ((convert|2.4|acre))
| website      = ((URL|http://littleflowerbasilica.org/))
| refnum       = 98000843<ref name="nris">((NRISref|2009a))</ref>
))
The '''Basilica of the National Shrine of the Little Flower''', also called '''Our Lady of Mount Carmel and St. Thérèse Church''', is a historic [[Roman Catholic]] [[church (building)|church]], located in [[San Antonio]], [[Texas]], in the United States. The church is distinguished as one of 84 in the [[United States]] (and one of only four [[List of basilicas#United States|in the state of Texas]]) bearing the papal designation of "[[minor basilica]]."<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.gcatholic.org/churches/data/basUS.htm|title=Basilicas in the United States|access-date=2012-09-04))</ref> Despite its religious importance it is not the cathedral of the local diocese; that distinction belongs to [[Cathedral of San Fernando (San Antonio)|San Fernando Cathedral]].

==History==
The basilica is dedicated to St. [[Thérèse de Lisieux]] of the Child Jesus, and bearing her nickname, "The Little Flower" of Jesus. The cornerstone of her basilica was solemnly blessed and laid on October 15, 1929.<ref>[http://user.dcci.com/ocdokla/History.htm Basilica History<!-- Bot generated title -->] ((webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080104111033/http://user.dcci.com/ocdokla/History.htm |date=January 4, 2008 ))</ref> Its remarkable edifice and accompanying works of religious art are uniquely uncharacteristic of its relatively recent construction.

The basilica is a treasury of art, master craftsmanship, and relics. The [[Discalced Carmelite]] Friars began serving the surrounding parish community in San Antonio in 1926. The basilica was thus constructed during the [[Great Depression]] (1929–1931) and today stands as a monument to the great faith of devotees of St. Thérèse from throughout the United States and the world.

Perhaps the most treasured work of art at the basilica is a painting of St. Thérèse, a gift from the Carmel of Lisieux to the friars of San Antonio in 1927. The saint's blood sister [[Céline Martin]] (1869–1959), also a nun (Sr. Genevieve of the Holy Face) in the Carmel of Lisieux, created the model for this painting, referred to as the "Apotheosis," at the request of the Vatican during the canonization process for Thérèse, according to the Archives of Carmel in Lisieux. Another artist, Pascal Blanchard, painted several large canvases based on Celine's model. Céline and another nun, Sr. Marie of the Holy Spirit, then retouched the face on each copy. One of these paintings was the standard carried in the procession to St. Peter's during the canonization ceremony on May 17, 1925; it was returned to the nuns after the ceremony. The basilica's painting is one of the several others that were loaned out by the Convent of Lisieux to Carmels in France for the canonization events.

The painting was acquired for the friars of San Antonio by Fr. Raymon Gomez, one of the four original friars who arrived in San Antonio in 1926. He was instrumental in bringing to fruition the friars’ dream of building a national shrine to be dedicated to the newly canonized St. Thérèse.

It's recorded in Basilica archives that he went to France in 1927 to visit the sisters of St. Thérèse's Discalced Carmelite Convent in Lisieux to ask for their blessing on the project. The nuns, including St. Thérèse's sister Pauline, who was then prioress of Lisieux, were delighted with the idea and pledged their support. Along with their blessings, the nuns sent gifts, including autographed books and photos, medals, printed collection cards, relics of all degrees, and this beautiful portrait to grace the Shrine upon its opening.

The original painting was restored with the support of the Strake Foundation of Houston and reinstalled in a place of honor in the basilica in 2007. It is ((convert|7|ft|m|abbr=on)) wide by ((convert|10|ft|m|abbr=on)) tall, and is located in the undercroft of the church.


==Significance==

Now that the National Shrine of the Little Flower has joined the ranks of a minor basilica, the church's ecclesiastical throne has become, symbolically, a papal throne. The throne is original to the basilica and has been used by various visiting prelates for over 70 years. Most recently it has been used by the archbishop and auxiliary bishops of the [[Archdiocese of San Antonio]] during special liturgies, such as feast day Masses and ordinations at the basilica.

===Relics===
The basilica of the Little Flower safeguards the [[relic]]s of both St. Thérèse and her parents, Sts. [[Louis Martin and Marie-Azélie Guérin]].

====St. Thérèse====
The basilica is home to three [[Relic#Classifications and prohibitions in the Catholic Church|first class relics]] of the Little Flower. Two are contained within the tomb chapel of St. Thérèse.<ref>((citation|title=About the Basilica|url=https://littleflowerbasilica.org/about-the-basilica/|access-date=23 May 2019))</ref>

The relics of Thérèse are regularly exposed on a weekly basis for public veneration.<ref>((cite news|title=First-class relics exposed for veneration this Tuesday|url=https://littleflowerbasilica.org/first-class-relics-exposed-for-veneration-weekly/|access-date=23 May 2019))</ref>

====The parents of St. Thérèse====
[[Relic#Classifications and prohibitions in the Catholic Church|First class relics]] of Sts. [[Louis Martin and Marie-Azélie Guérin|Louis and Zélie Martin]], the parents of St. Thérèse of Lisieux, were exposed October 18, 2015 at the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Little Flower for public veneration for the first time on the day of the couple's canonization in Rome by the Catholic Church. The relics were a gift to the [[Discalced Carmelite]] Friars of San Antonio from the Discalced Carmelite nuns of Lafayette, LA.<ref>((citation|title=St. Therese - Basilica of the National Shrine of the Little Flower|url=https://littleflowerbasilica.org/st-therese/|access-date=23 May 2019))</ref>

The back of the [[reliquary]] depicts the biblical couple Sara and Tobias, recalling the essential role of marriage as a vocation in human history and in the history of salvation. The theme of Sara and Tobias is taken from the medal that Louis Martin chose as a souvenir of his wedding with Zelie Guerin on July 13, 1858, in Notre Dame d’[[Alençon]]. The original medal was blessed during the exchange of the rings and is at the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Séez|Diocese of Séez]], France. The reliquary contains particles of the Martins’ hair.<ref>((citation|title=St. Therese - Basilica of the National Shrine of the Little Flower|url=https://littleflowerbasilica.org/st-therese/|access-date=23 May 2019))</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery class="center">
Image:Basicilica Minor SA4.jpg|
Image:Basicilica Minor SA3.jpg|
Image:Basicilica Minor SA2.jpg|
Image:Basicilica Minor SA1.jpg|
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[List of basilicas]]

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
((commons category|Basilica of the National Shrine of the Little Flower, San Antonio))
*[http://www.littleflowerbasilica.org/ Official website]

((San Antonio))

[[Category:Basilica churches in Texas|National Shrine of the Little Flower]]
[[Category:Towers in Texas]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic churches in San Antonio]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic churches completed in 1931]]
[[Category:1931 establishments in Texas]]
[[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in the United States]]

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