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((Short description|Czech footwear and fashion accessory manufacturer))
((Use dmy dates|date=August 2023))
((Infobox company
| type        = [[Privately held company|Private]]
| industry    = [[Shoemaking]], retail
| founded     = ((start date and age|1894|09|21|df=y)) in [[Austria-Hungary]] (now the [[Czech Republic]])
| founder     = ((ubl|Antonín Baťa|[[Tomáš Baťa]]|Anna Baťová))
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people  = ((ubl|Graham Allan ((small|([[Chairman]])))<ref>((cite web |title=Thomas G. Bata ((!)) The IMD Global Family Business Award |url=http://www.globalfamilybusinessaward.com/about-the-award/jury/voting-members/thomas-g-bata/ |website=globalfamilybusinessaward.com |access-date=28 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828170258/http://www.globalfamilybusinessaward.com/about-the-award/jury/voting-members/thomas-g-bata/ |archive-date=28 August 2018 |url-status=dead ))</ref><ref>((cite web |author1=Female (Malaysia) |title=WHO: Thomas George Bata, Chairman, who's the third generation Bata family member to lead the company |url=http://www.pressreader.com/malaysia/female-malaysia/20170901/282613147922912 |via=PressReader |access-date=28 August 2018 |date=1 September 2017))</ref>|Sandeep Kataria ((small|([[Chief executive officer|CEO]])))<ref>((cite web |title=Sandeep Kataria has been elevated as the Global CEO of Bata |date= 15 May 2021 |url= https://www.zeebiz.com/companies/news-gunjan-shah-is-the-new-ceo-of-bata-india-156741 ))</ref>))
| products    = [[Footwear]] and [[Fashion accessory|accessories]]
| owner       = Bata family
| location    = [[Lausanne]], Switzerland<ref name="Dinger">((cite book |last1=Dinger |first1=Ed |title=International Directory of Company Histories |date=2006 |publisher=[[Gale (publisher)|Gale]] |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/books/politics-and-business-magazines/bata-ltd |quote=Bata began to reorganize the company, essentially running the business out of Switzerland. |access-date=28 August 2018))</ref>
| website     = ((ubl|((URL|bata.com))|((URL|thebatacompany.com))))
))

'''The Bata Corporation''' (known as '''Bata''', and in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, known as '''Baťa''', ((IPA-all|ˈbaca))) is a [[Multinational corporation|multinational]] [[footwear]], [[apparel]] and [[fashion accessories]] manufacturer and retailer of [[Moravia]]n (Czech) origin, headquartered in [[Lausanne]], Switzerland.

The corporation is one of the world's leading shoemakers by volume with 150 million pairs of shoes sold annually.<ref>((Cite web |last=s.r.o |first=Minion Interactive |title=Love living in Batas |url=https://thebatacompany.com/ |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=Bata Corporation |language=en))</ref> It has a retail presence of over 5,300 shops in more than 70 countries across five continents and 21 production facilities in 18 countries. Bata is an employer to over 32,000 people globally.

A family-owned business for over 125 years, the company is organized into three business units: Bata, Bata Industrials (safety shoes) and AW Lab (sports style). Bata is a portfolio company with more than 20 brands and labels, such as Bata, North Star, Power, Bubblegummers,sprint, Weinbrenner, Sandak, and Toughees.

==Origins and history==
===Foundation===
The T. & A. Baťa Shoe Company was founded on 21 September 1894<ref>((Cite web |last=s.r.o |first=Minion Interactive |title=Bata Corporation |url=https://thebatacompany.com/about-us/history/ |access-date=23 September 2022 |website=Bata Corporation |language=en))</ref> in the [[Moravia]]n town of [[Zlín]], [[Austria-Hungary]] (today in the [[Czech Republic]]), by [[Tomáš Baťa]], his brother Antonín and his sister Anna, whose family had been [[Shoemaking|cobblers]] for generations.<ref name="Dinger"/> The company employed 10 full-time employees with a fixed work schedule and a regular weekly wage.

[[File:Bata Shoe Company Founders.jpg|thumb|Tomáš, Antonín, and Anna Baťa]]

In the summer of 1895, Tomáš was facing financial difficulties.<ref name=":0">((Cite web |last=www.knowlimits.cz |first=KNOWLIMITS Group- |date=20 July 2020 |title=Baťa v datech - Nadace Baťa |url=https://www.nadacetomasebati.cz/odkaz-bata/bata-v-datech/ |access-date=8 November 2022 |language=cs-CZ))</ref> To overcome these setbacks, he decided to sew shoes from canvas instead of leather. This type of shoe became very popular and helped the company grow to 50 employees.<ref>((Cite web |last=www.knowlimits.cz |first=KNOWLIMITS Group- |date=20 July 2020 |title=Baťa v datech - Nadace Baťa |url=https://www.nadacetomasebati.cz/odkaz-bata/bata-v-datech/ |access-date=14 November 2022 |language=cs-CZ))</ref> Four years later, Baťa installed its first steam-driven machines, beginning a period of rapid modernisation. In 1904, Tomáš read a newspaper article about machines being made in the United States such as [[Jan Ernst Matzeliger]]'s [[automatic lasting machine|automatic laster]]. Therefore, he took three workers and journeyed to [[Lynn, Massachusetts|Lynn]], a city outside [[Boston]] that was then the center of the [[shoemaking|world footwear industry]], in order to study and understand the American system of mass production. After six months he returned to Zlín and he introduced mechanized production techniques that allowed the Baťa Shoe Company to become one of the first mass producers of shoes in Europe. Its first mass product, the "Baťovky," was a leather and textile shoe for working people that was notable for its simplicity, style, light weight and affordable price. Its success helped fuel the company's growth, and after Antonín's death in 1908, Tomáš brought two of his younger brothers, Jan and Bohuš, into the business. Initial export sales and the first ever sales agencies began in [[Germany]] in 1909, followed by the [[Balkans]] and the [[Middle East]]. Baťa shoes were considered to be excellent quality, and were available in more styles than had ever been offered before. By 1912, Baťa was employing 1500 full-time workers, plus another several hundred who worked out of their homes in neighbouring villages.<ref>((Cite book |last=Kudzbel |first=Marek |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/249435665 |title=Baťa - hospodársky zázrak |date=2001 |publisher=Marada Capital Services |isbn=80-968458-1-0 |edition=1. vyd |location=Marianka |oclc=249435665))</ref>

===World War I===
In 1914, with the outbreak of [[World War I]], the company had a significant development due to military orders. From 1914 to 1918 the number of Baťa's employees increased ten times. The company opened its own stores in [[Zlín]], [[Prague]], [[Liberec]], [[Vienna]] and [[Plzeň]], among other towns.

In the global [[Great Depression|economic slump]] that followed [[World War I]], the newly created country of [[Czechoslovakia]] was particularly hard hit. With its currency devalued by 75%, demand for products dropped, production was cut back, and unemployment was at an all-time high. Tomáš Baťa responded to the crisis by cutting the price of Bata shoes in half.<ref name="Dinger"/> The company's workers agreed to a temporary 40 percent reduction in wages; in turn, Baťa provided food, clothing, and other necessities at half-price.<ref name="Dinger"/> He also introduced one of the first [[profit-sharing]] initiatives, transforming all employees into associates with a shared interest in the company's success (today's equivalent of performance-based incentives and stock options).<ref name="Dinger"/>

===Shoemaker to the world===
Consumer response to the price drop was dramatic. While most competitors were forced to close because of the crisis in demand between 1923 and 1925, Baťa was expanding as demand for the inexpensive shoes grew rapidly.<ref name="Dinger"/> The Baťa Shoe Company increased production and hired more workers. Zlín became a veritable factory town, a "Baťaville" covering several hectares. On the site were grouped tanneries, a brickyard, a chemical factory, a mechanical equipment plant and repair shop, workshops for the production of rubber, a paper pulp and cardboard factory (for production of packaging), a fabric factory (for lining for shoes and socks), a shoe-shine factory, a power plant and farming activities to cover food and energy needs. Workers, "Baťamen", and their families had at their disposal all the necessary everyday life services, including housing, shops, schools, and hospital.<ref>((Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/228597622 |title=Tomáš Baťa - doba a společnost : sborník příspěvků ze stejnojmenné zlínské konference, pořádané ve dnech 30. listopadu - 1. prosince 2006 |date=2007 |publisher=Pro nadaci Tomáše Bati vydalo nakl. Viribus Unitis |others=Marek Tomaštík, Nadace Tomáše Bati, Ústav pro soudobé dějiny |isbn=978-80-903948-0-3 |edition=Vyd. 1 |location=Brno |oclc=228597622))</ref>

Baťa combined the automated efficiency of the factory with social welfare; the early experiments in collectivism and profit-sharing laid the groundwork for a reinvention of industrial management. Not only did the company build employee housing, schools, shops and a hospital, but it also offered recreational amenities — everything from a cinema, library, department store, dance halls, and espresso bars to a swimming pool and airfield, all courtesy of Bata Shoes.<ref>((Cite web |date=30 April 2021 |title=Bata-Ville: A Shoe Company's Quest for Global Utopia |url=https://www.azuremagazine.com/article/bata-ville-a-shoe-companys-quest-for-global-utopia/ |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=Azure Magazine))</ref><ref>((Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/228597622 |title=Tomáš Baťa - doba a společnost : sborník příspěvků ze stejnojmenné zlínské konference, pořádané ve dnech 30. listopadu - 1. prosince 2006 |date=2007 |publisher=Pro nadaci Tomáše Bati vydalo nakl. Viribus Unitis |others=Marek Tomaštík, Nadace Tomáše Bati, Ústav pro soudobé dějiny |isbn=978-80-903948-0-3 |edition=Vyd. 1 |location=Brno |oclc=228597622))</ref> In Baťa's own words, "I have only found that a large plant can best be built when an entrepreneur aims to serve customers and employees, because that is the only way to ensure that customers and employees serve him and his ideas." (from the book "Reflections and speeches", page 208).<ref>((Cite web |title=Tomáš Baťa citát: "Zjistil jsem toliko, že veliký závod vybudovat lze nejlépe, když podnikatel vytkne si za cíl sloužit zákazníkům a zaměstnancům, protože jen tak lze dosíci, aby zákazníci a zaměstnanci sloužili jemu, tj. jeho věci, jeho myšlence." (Úvahy a projevy, str. 208)" ((!)) Citáty slavných osobností |url=https://vyznamemoji.top/quote/tomas-bata-zjistil-jsem-toliko-ze-veliky-zavod-vybudovat-lze/ |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=Vyznam Emoji |language=cs))</ref>

((Gallery
|title=The T. & A. Baťa Shoe Company
|width=120
|height=170
|align=center
|File:Bata Headquarters (1934).jpg|Baťa's Skyscraper
|File:Batovka_Shoe.jpg|Baťovka shoe
|File:Bata Corporate Town.jpeg|Baťa in Zlín
|File:Bata Housing.jpg|Baťa employee housing
|File:Bata 1922 advertising poster.jpg|1922 advertising (drahota - costliness)
|File:Bata_1920%27s_Store.jpg|Baťa store in the 1920s
|File:Bata_1920%27s_Store_(interior).jpg|Baťa store in the 1920s
))

===Diversification and foreign growth===
[[File:Tomáš Baťa.jpg|thumb|Tomáš Baťa]]
[[File:Lockheed 10A N241M 7656 Denton TX 26.07.86 edited-3.jpg|thumb|right|[[Lockheed 10 Electra]] executive aircraft operated before the Second World War by Baťa in Europe]]

Baťa also began to build towns and factories outside of Czechoslovakia ([[Poland]], [[Latvia]], [[Romania]], Switzerland, [[France]]) and to diversify into such industries as tanning (1915),<ref name=":0" /> the energy industry (1917), agriculture (1917),<ref name=":0" /> forestry (1918),<ref name=":0" /> newspaper publishing (1918),<ref name=":0" /> brick manufacturing (1918), wood processing (1919),<ref name=":0" /> the [[rubber]] industry (1923), the construction industry (1924),<ref name=":0" /> railway and air transport (1924), book publishing (1926),<ref name=":0" /> the film industry (1927),<ref name=":0" /> food processing (1927),<ref name=":0" /> chemical production (1928),<ref name=":0" /> tyre manufacturing (1930),<ref name=":0" /> insurance (1930),<ref name=":0" /> textile production (1931),<ref name=":0" /> motor transport (1932),<ref name=":0" /> sea transport (1932),<ref name=":0" /> and [[coal]] mining (1932),<ref name=":0" /> airplane manufacturing (1934),<ref name=":0" /> [[synthetic fibre]] production (1935),<ref name=":0" /> and river transport (1938).<ref name=":0" /> In 1923 the company boasted 112 branches.

In 1924, Tomáš Baťa displayed his business acumen by calculating how much turnover he needed to make with his annual plan, weekly plans and daily plans. Baťa utilized four types of wages – fixed rate, individual order based rate, collective task rate and profit contribution rate. He also set what became known as Baťa prices: numbers ending with a nine rather than with a whole number. His business skyrocketed. Soon Baťa found himself the fourth richest person in Czechoslovakia. From 1926 to 1928 the business blossomed as productivity rose 75 percent and the number of employees increased by 35 percent. In 1927 production lines were installed, and the company had its own hospital.<ref>((Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/228597622 |title=Tomáš Baťa - doba a společnost : sborník příspěvků ze stejnojmenné zlínské konference, pořádané ve dnech 30. listopadu - 1. prosince 2006 |date=2007 |publisher=Pro nadaci Tomáše Bati vydalo nakl. Viribus Unitis |others=Marek Tomaštík, Nadace Tomáše Bati, Ústav pro soudobé dějiny |isbn=978-80-903948-0-3 |edition=Vyd. 1 |location=Brno |oclc=228597622))</ref> By the end of 1928, the company's head factory was composed of 30 buildings. Bat'a then created educational organizations such as the Baťa School of Work and introduced the five-day work week.<ref>((Cite book |last=Rybka |first=Zdeněk |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42604870 |title=Základní zásady Baťova systému pro podnikatele a vedoucí pracovníky : (studie) |date=1999 |publisher=Toko A/S |isbn=80-902411-3-1 |location=Praha |oclc=42604870))</ref><ref name=":0" /> In 1930 he established a shoe museum that maps shoe production from the earliest times to the contemporary age throughout the world. By 1931 there were factories in Germany, the [[United Kingdom]], the [[Netherlands]], Poland and in other countries.

In 1932, at the age of 56, Tomáš Baťa died in a plane crash during take off under bad weather conditions at Zlín Airport<ref name="Dinger"/> Control of the company was passed to his half-brother, Jan Antonín Baťa, and his son, Thomas John Baťa, who would go on to lead the company for much of the twentieth century guided by the founder's moral testament: the Baťa Shoe company was to be treated not as a source of private wealth, but as a public trust, a means of improving living standards within the community and providing customers with good value for their money. Promise was made to pursue the entrepreneurial, social and [[Humanitarianism|humanitarian]] ideals of their father.

The Baťa company was apparently the first big enterprise to systematically utilise aircraft for company purposes, including rapid transport of personnel on businesslike delivery of maintenance men and spares to a location where needed, originating the practice of business flying.<ref>((Cite web |last=Fact263 |date=23 September 2019 |title=HISTORY OF BATA COMPANY |url=https://simb19.wixsite.com/fact263/post/history-of-bata-company |access-date=14 November 2022 |website=Mysite |language=en))</ref>

===Jan Antonín Baťa and international expansion===
((Main articles|Jan Antonín Baťa))

At the time of Tomáš's death, the Baťa company employed 16,560 people, maintained 1,645 shops and 25 enterprises. Jan Antonín Baťa, following the plans laid down by Tomáš Baťa before his death, expanded the company more than six times its original size throughout [[Czechoslovakia]] and the world. Plants in Britain, the Netherlands, [[Yugoslavia]], [[Brazil]], [[Kenya]], [[Canada]] and the United States followed in the decade. In [[India]], [[Batanagar]] was settled near [[Calcutta]] and accounted from the late 1930s nearly 7500 Baťamen. The Baťa model fitted anywhere, creating, for example, canteens for vegetarians in India. In exchange, the demands on workers were the same as in Europe: "Be courageous. The best in the world is not good enough for us. Loyalty gives us prosperity & happiness. Work is a moral necessity!" Bata India was incorporated as Bata Shoe Company Pvt. Ltd in 1931<ref>((cite web|url=http://bata.in/|title=Bata India - Buy Shoes Online For Men, Women & Kids. Footwear From Leading Brands, Power, Hush Puppies etc|work=bata.in))</ref> and went on to become Bata India Ltd. in 1973. The Batanagar factory was the first Indian shoe manufacturing unit to receive the [[ISO 9000|ISO 9001]] certification in 1993.<ref>((cite web|url=http://bata.in/bataindia/faces/jsp/article.jsp?subcategoryid=179&categoryId=42|title=Categories|work=bata.in|access-date=29 January 2015|archive-date=7 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207001656/http://bata.in/bataindia/faces/jsp/article.jsp?subcategoryid=179&categoryId=42|url-status=dead))</ref>

As of 1934, the firm owned 300 stores in [[North America]] (after World War II, many of theses stores were rebranded with the "Barrett Shoes" trademark), a thousand in [[Asia]], more than 4,000 in [[Europe]]. In 1938, the Group employed just over 65,000 people worldwide, including 36% outside Czechoslovakia and had stakes in the tanning, agriculture, newspaper publishing, railway and air transport, textile production, coal mining and aviation realms.<ref>((Cite web |title=Remembering the life of Thomas Bata 1914 - 2008 |url=https://nationalpost.remembering.ca/obituary/thomas-bata-1065369570/ |access-date=29 November 2022 |website=nationalpost.remembering.ca |language=en))</ref>

===Bata-villes===
Company policy initiated under Tomáš Baťa was to set up villages around the factories for the workers and to supply schools and welfare. These villages include [[Batadorp]] in the [[Netherlands]], Baťovany (present-day [[Partizánske]]) and [[Svit]] in Slovakia, Baťov (now Bahňák, part of [[Otrokovice]]) in the [[Czech Republic]], Borovo-Bata (now [[Borovo Naselje]], part of [[Vukovar]] in [[Croatia]] then in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia), Bata Park in [[Möhlin]], Switzerland, [[Bataville]] in [[Lorraine (region)|Lorraine]], France, [[Batawa]] ([[Ontario]]) in Canada, [[Batatuba]] ([[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]), [[Batayporã]] and [[Bataguassu]] ([[Mato Grosso do Sul]]) in Brazil, [[Bata shoe factory (East Tilbury)|East Tilbury]]<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.thurrock-community.org.uk/batamemories/homepage.html|title=batamemories|access-date=10 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021119133331/http://www.thurrock-community.org.uk/batamemories/homepage.html|archive-date=19 November 2002))</ref> in Essex, England, [[Batapur]] in [[Pakistan]] and [[Batanagar]] and [[Bataganj]] in India. There was also a factory in [[Belcamp, Maryland|Belcamp]], [[Maryland]], USA, northeast of [[Baltimore]] on [[U.S. Route 40 in Maryland|U.S. Route 40]] in [[Harford County, Maryland|Harford County]].<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.kilduffs.com/BATA.html |title=Bata Shoe Factory Belcamp Maryland |publisher=Kilduffs.com |access-date=19 November 2013))</ref>

The British "Bata-ville" in East Tilbury inspired the documentary film ''Bata-ville: We Are Not Afraid of the Future''.<ref>((cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/4188260.stm |title=Entertainment &#124; Road film follows shoe empire |work=BBC News |date=28 August 2005 |access-date=19 November 2013))</ref>

===World War II===
Just before the [[German occupation of Czechoslovakia]], Baťa helped re-post his [[History of the Jews in Czechoslovakia|Jewish]] employees to branches of his firm all over the world.<ref>[http://www.cet.ac.il/terezin/dk9e6.htm+tom+stoppard+mother+beck&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&client=safari] ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161106023725/http://www.cet.ac.il/terezin/dk9e6.htm%20tom%20stoppard%20mother%20beck%26cd%3D3%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26client%3Dsafari|date=6 November 2016))</ref><ref>((cite news|author=Stephen Moss |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2002/jun/22/books.featuresreviews |title=Profile: Tom Stoppard &#124; Film |work=[[The Guardian]] |date= 22 June 2002|access-date=19 November 2013 |location=London))</ref> Germany occupied the remaining part of pre-war Czechoslovakia on 15 March 1939; Jan Antonín Baťa then spent a short time in jail but was then able to leave the country with his family. Jan Antonín Baťa stayed in the United States from 1939–1940, but when the USA entered the war, he felt it would be safer for his co-workers and their families back in occupied Czechoslovakia if he left the United States. He was put on British and US [[Blacklisting#World Wars I and II|black lists]] for doing business with the [[Axis powers]], and in 1941 he emigrated to Brazil.
After the war ended, the Czechoslovak authorities tried Baťa as a traitor, saying he had failed to support the anti-Nazi resistance. In 1947 he was sentenced ''in absentia'' to 15 years in prison. The company's Czechoslovak assets were also seized by the state&nbsp;– several months before the communists came to power. He tried to save as much as possible of the business, submitting to the plans of Germany as well as financially supporting the [[Czechoslovak Government-in-Exile]] led by [[Edvard Beneš]].

In occupied Europe, a Bata shoe factory was connected to the concentration camp [[Auschwitz-Birkenau]].<ref>[[Dwork, Deborah]]; [[van Pelt, Robert Jan]], ''Holocaust: A History'', W.W.Norton & Company, Inc., 2002. ((ISBN|9780393051889))</ref> The first [[Forced labour under German rule during World War II|slave labour]] efforts in Auschwitz involved the Bata shoe factory.<ref>Engle Schafft, Gretchen, ''From Racism to Genocide: Anthropology in the Third Reich'', University of Illinois Press, 2004. ((ISBN|0-252-02930-5))</ref> In 1942 a small camp was established to support the former Bata shoe factory (now under German administration and renamed "Schlesische Schuh-Werke Ottmuth, A.G") at [[Chełmek]] with Jewish slave labourers.<ref>Dwork, Deborah; van Pelt, Robert Jan, ''Auschwitz: 1270 to the Present'', New York: W.W. Norton and Company Inc. ((ISBN|0-393-03933-1))</ref> The prisoners, mostly from France, [[Belgium]], and the Netherlands, were tasked to clean the ponds from which the plant drew the water it needed.<ref>((Cite web |url=http://auschwitz.org/en/history/auschwitz-sub-camps/chelmek/ |title=Auschwitz sub-camps- Chelmek |access-date=15 January 2020 |archive-date=19 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200119153825/http://auschwitz.org/en/history/auschwitz-sub-camps/chelmek |url-status=live ))</ref> Also slave workers from the [[Radom Ghetto|ghetto of Radom]] were forced to work at the Bata factory for a soup a day.<ref>((Cite web |url=https://www.ushmm.org/online/hsv/source_view.php?SourceId=45130 |title=Jewish Workers of the Bata Shoe Company in Radom, Poland |access-date=3 January 2020 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418171213/https://www.ushmm.org/online/hsv/source_view.php?SourceId=45130 |url-status=live ))</ref>

The Baťa factory was bombed by the 15th AF, 455th BG at 1235 hrs using 254 x 500 RDX bombs (63.50 tons). The Strikes fell south in the workers dwellings and carried across eastern half of plant layout. Numerous strikes in this section including warehouses, machine shops and footwear production buildings.<ref>Air Force Historical CD C0111, 304th Bomb Wing bombing plots Page 1082</ref>

===Post-war: rebuilding===
[[File:Bata International Centre Toronto 1965-2004.jpg|thumb|240px|The now-demolished [[Bata Shoes Head Office|Bata International Centre]] was the global headquarters during its entire existence (1965–2004).]]

Tomáš's son [[Thomas J. Bata]], manager of the buying department of the British Bata Company, was unable to return until after the war. He was sent to Canada by his uncle Jan, to become the Vice President of the Bata Import and Export Company of Canada, which was founded in a company town named [[Batawa]], opened in 1939. Foreign subsidiaries were separated from the parent company, and ownership of plants in [[Bohemia]] and Moravia was transferred to another member of the family.

After World War II, governments in Czechoslovakia,<ref name="Dinger"/> [[East Germany]], Poland and Yugoslavia confiscated and nationalized Bata factories, stripping Bata of its Eastern European assets.

In 1945, the decision was taken that Bata Development Limited in Great Britain would become the service headquarters of the Bata Shoe Organisation. Now based in the West, Thomas J. Bata, along with many Czechoslovakian expatriates, began to rebuild the business.<ref name="Dinger"/>

From its new base, the company gradually rebuilt itself, expanding into new markets throughout Asia, the Middle East, Australia, Africa and Latin America. Rather than organizing these new operations in a highly centralized structure, Bata established a confederation of autonomous units that could be more responsive to new markets in developing countries.

Between 1946 and 1960, 25 new factories were built and 1,700 company shops were opened. In 1962, the company had production and sales activities in 79 countries.

In 1964, Bata moved their headquarters to Toronto, Ontario, Canada. In 1965 they were moved again, into an ultra-modern building, the [[Bata Shoes Head Office|Bata International Centre]]. The building, located on Wynford Drive, in suburban [[North York]], Ontario, Canada, was designed by architect [[John B. Parkin]].

In 1979, the Bata family established the Bata Shoe Museum Foundation to operate an international centre for footwear research and house of a collection that was started by [[Sonja Bata]], Thomas' wife, in the 1940s. As she travelled the world on business with her husband, she gradually built up a collection of traditional footwear from the areas she was visiting. The [[Bata Shoe Museum]] is in [[Toronto]].<ref>((Cite web|title=About Our Founder – Bata Shoe Museum|url=https://batashoemuseum.ca/about-our-founder/|access-date=10 September 2021|archive-date=30 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230031529/https://batashoemuseum.ca/about-our-founder/|url-status=dead))</ref>

In 1980, Bata-sponsored Eliseo Salazar won the [[Aurora Formula One]] Championship.<ref>((Citation |title=Eliseo Salazar - Formula 1 Aurora, Triunfo en el Grand Prix Thruxton 1980 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0n6zfvmja0 |language=en |access-date=19 July 2022))</ref> Bata was one of the official sponsors of the [[1986 FIFA World Cup]] held in Mexico,<ref>((Cite web |title=pe2xosdys58tlyzajyb7-pdf.pdf |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/75b4899d627e9834/original/pe2xosdys58tlyzajyb7-pdf.pdf))</ref> and Bata Power shoes were the official footwear for the [[1987 ICC Cricket World Cup]].<ref>((Cite web |title=Pin on Power Vintage |url=https://www.pinterest.ca/pin/power-vintage--534661786990157167/ |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=Pinterest |language=en))</ref> Bata also sponsored 2014 [[Electronic Sports World Cup]].<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.bata.com/blog/bata-announces-sponsorship-deal-with-esports-team/ |title=Bata Announces Sponsorship Deal with eSports Team |publisher=bata.com |access-date=22 January 2015))</ref>

===Czechoslovakia after 1989===
Thomas J. Baťa returned in December 1989, soon after the [[Velvet Revolution]] in November. The Czechoslovak government offered him the opportunity to invest in the ailing government-owned [[Svit (Company)|Svit]] shoe company. Since companies [[nationalisation|nationalised]] before 1948 were not returned to their original owners, the state continued to own Svit and [[privatised]] it during [[voucher privatization|voucher privatisation]] in Czechoslovakia. Svit's failure to compete in the free market led to its decline, and in 2000 Svit went bankrupt.<ref>((Cite web |title=[PDF] Jan Antonín Baťa - Free Download PDF |url=https://nanopdf.com/download/jan-antonin-baa_pdf |access-date=14 November 2022 |website=nanopdf.com |language=en))</ref>

===Present===
[[File:Bata Store Bangladesh.jpg|thumb|Photo of modern Bata store in [[Bangladesh]]]]

After the global economic changes of the 1990s, the company closed a number of its factories in developed countries and focused on expanding retail business. Bata moved out of Canada in several steps. In 2000, it closed its Batawa factory, then in 2001, it closed its Bata retail stores, retaining its "Athletes World" retail chain.

In 2004, the Bata headquarters were moved to Lausanne, Switzerland and leadership was transferred to Thomas (Tomáš) G. Bata, grandson of the founder. The notable Bata headquarters building in Toronto was vacated and eventually demolished to much controversy. In 2007, the Athletes World chain was sold, ending Bata retail operations in Canada.<ref>((cite news |newspaper=The Globe and Mail |date=18 May 2007 |last=Strauss |first=Marina |title=Mogul snaps up Athletes World |page=B3))</ref> Bata maintains the headquarters for its "Power" brand of footwear in Toronto. The [[Bata Shoe Museum]], founded by Sonja Bata, and operated by a charitable foundation, is also located in Toronto.

Although no longer chairman of the company, the elder Bata remained active in its operations and carried business cards listing his title as "chief shoe salesman." On 1 September 2008 Thomas John Bata (Thomáš Jan Baťa) died at [[Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre]] in Toronto at the age of 93.((Citation needed|date=July 2022))

Bata estimates that it serves more than 1 million customers per day, employing over 32,000 people,<ref name="bata-about">''[http://www.bata.com/about-bata.php About Bata] ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115112804/http://www.bata.com/about-bata.php |date=15 January 2013 ))'' bata.com, 5 March 2013.</ref> operates more than 5,300 shops, manages 21 production facilities and a retail presence in over 70 countries across the five continents. Bata has a strong presence in countries including India where it has been present since 1931.

Bata India has four factories. The Batanagar Industrial Township in [[Kolkata]] (1930) is the largest shoe-maker in Asia.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.bataindia.com/corporate.htm |title=Bata India - C o r p o r a t e P r o f i l e - the world at your feet |access-date=29 January 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221140832/http://www.bataindia.com/corporate.htm |archive-date=21 December 2014 ))</ref>

The business is organised in five regions: Africa (with regional office based in [[Limuru]], [[Kenya]]), [[Asia-Pacific|APAC]] (with regional office based in Singapore), Latin America (with regional office based in [[Santiago|Santiago de Chile]], [[Chile]]), [[India]] (with regional office based in [[New Delhi]]) and Europe (with regional office based in [[Padua]], [[Italy]]).

==Bata brands==
[[File:Bata Stores Wenceslas 2005.jpg|thumb|160px|Bata shop on [[Wenceslas Square]] in Prague, built in 1927–1929]]
* '''Bata/Baťa'''
* '''North Star''' (urban shoes)
* '''Weinbrenner''' (outdoor shoes)
* '''Bubblegummers''' (children's shoes)
* '''Power''' (athletic shoes)
* '''Sparx''' (athletic shoes)
* '''Bata Industrials''' (work & safety)
* '''Toughees''' (school shoes)
* '''Verlon''' (school shoes)
* '''Teener''' (school shoes)
* '''B-First''' (school shoes)
* '''Footin''' (school shoes)
* '''Patapata''' (flip flops)
* '''Marie Claire''' (women's shoes)
* '''Leena''' (women's shoes)
* '''Tomy Takkies''' (urban shoes)

==Bata brand extensions==
* '''Ambassador''' (classic men's shoes)
* '''Bata 3D''' (urban sneakers)
* '''Bata Comfit''' (comfort shoes)
* '''Bata Flexible''' (comfort shoes)
* '''Bata Red Label''' (trendy shoes)

==Selected factories==
((More citations needed|section|date=August 2023))

'''Czechia'''
* [[Zlín]]
* [[Otrokovice]] – Baťov (1930–1934)<ref>((cite news|title=Historie města |url=https://www.otrokovice.cz/vismo/osnova.asp?id_org=11673&id_osnovy=1749&n=historie%2Dmesta |website=otrokovice.cz |access-date=30 August 2023 |language=cs |trans-title=Town history))</ref>
* [[Třebíč]] (1933)<ref>((cite news|title=Historie města Třebíč v datech |url=https://www.trebic.cz/historie-mesta-v-datech/d-1385/p1=30143 |website=trebic.cz |access-date=30 August 2023 |language=cs |trans-title=Třebíč town history in dates))</ref>
* [[Zruč nad Sázavou]] (1938)<ref>((cite news|title=Historie města |url=https://www.mesto-zruc.cz/mesto/historie-mesta/ |website=mesto-zruc.cz |access-date=30 August 2023 |language=cs |trans-title=Town history))</ref>
* [[Sezimovo Ústí]] (1939)<ref>((cite news|title=Sezimovo Ústí |url=https://www.sezimovo-usti.cz/turisticke-informace-mesto |website=sezimovo-usti.cz |access-date=30 August 2023 |language=cs))</ref>

'''Slovakia'''
* [[Bošany]] (1931–1934)
* [[Svit]] (1938)
* [[Nové Zámky]] (1935)
* [[Liptovský Mikuláš]] (1938)
* Baťovany (today [[Partizánske]], 1938)<ref>((cite news|title=História mesta Partizánske |url=http://www.partizanske.sk/main.php?id_menu=1629&firmy_slovenska_flag=0 |website=partizanske.sk | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213185431/http://www.partizanske.sk/main.php?id_menu=1629&firmy_slovenska_flag=0 |access-date=28 August 2023 | archive-date=13 February 2007 |language=sk |trans-title=History of the town of Partizánske))</ref>

'''Europe'''
* [[Best, Netherlands|Best]], the Netherlands (1933–1934)
* [[Bata shoe factory]], East Tilbury, England (1933–1934)
* [[Tubize]], Belgium (1947)<ref>((cite news|title=Bata's World – Belgium |url=https://world.tomasbata.org/europe/belgium/ |website=world.tomasbata.org |access-date=31 August 2023))</ref>
* [[Borovo, Croatia|Borovo]], Croatia (1931–1935)<ref>((cite news|title=Osnovna škola Borovo |url=http://os-borovo.skole.hr/skola/povijest |website=os-borovo.skole.hr |access-date=31 August 2023 |language=hr |trans-title=Elementary school Borovo))</ref>
* [[Möhlin]], Switzerland (1933)
* [[Chełmek]], Poland (1932)
* [[Martfű]], Hungary (1941)

'''Brazil'''
* [[Piracaia|Batatuba]] (1939)<ref name="Brazil">((cite news|title=Bata's World – Brazil |url=http://world.tomasbata.org/america/brazil/ |website=world.tomasbata.org |access-date=5 September 2023))</ref>
* [[Mariápolis]] (1943)<ref name="Brazil" />
* [[Bataguassu]] (1948)<ref name="Brazil" />
* [[Batayporã]] (1954)<ref name="Brazil" />
* [[Anaurilândia]] (1963)

'''Other'''
* [[Konnagar]], India (1931–1936)
* [[Batanagar]], India (1934–1935)
* [[Batapur]], Pakistan<ref>((cite news|title=Lahore Situationer (11/20/71) |url=http://www.bucksjournal.com/Essays/lahore.htm |website=bucksjournal.com |date=20 November 1971 |access-date=2 September 2023))</ref>
* [[Kalibata]], Indonesia (1938)<ref>((cite news|title=Bata's World – Indonesia |url=http://world.tomasbata.org/asia/indonesia/ |website=world.tomasbata.org |access-date=5 September 2023))</ref>
* [[Riverside, Harford County, Maryland|Belcamp]], Maryland, US (1936–1939)
* [[Batawa]], Canada (1939–2000)<ref>((cite news |title=Dalton |url=http://www.daltonbuild.com/dalton-company-batawa.php |website=daltonbuild.com |access-date=2 September 2023 |archive-date=6 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806181712/http://www.daltonbuild.com/dalton-company-batawa.php |url-status=dead ))</ref>
* [[Tongi]], Bangladesh (1962- Present) 
* [[Dhamrai Upazila|Dhamrai]], Bangladesh (1962-Present) [https://www.batabd.com/pages/about-us <small>62</small>]

==In popular culture==
* The 1968 Czech film ''[[All My Compatriots]]'' by [[Vojtěch Jasný]], in a scene set in 1948, refers to Bata putting small shoemakers out of business.
* Some of Bata's most famous advertising posters were produced in the 1940s and 50s - the golden age of advertising - by designers schooled in the plakatstil style such as [[Herbert Leupin]], Donald Brun, and [[Guy Georget Nostrud]]. [[Plakatstil]] (german for "poster style") was characterized by bold lettering, flat colours and simple compositions focusing on a single object.
* Kurt Cobain of Nirvana was often [https://lipstiq.com/celebrity-entertainment/158051/bata-hotshots-worn-kurt-cobain-70s-making-comeback/ seen wearing Bata Hotshots] trainers in the 1970s.<ref>((Cite web |title=History |url=https://thebatacompany.com/about-us/history/ |access-date=14 November 2022 |website=Bata Corporation |language=en))</ref>
* Hall of fame basketball player Earvin "Magic" [https://outsons.com/100-best-trainers/ Johnson launched his career wearing Wilson by Bata shoes]. Wilson by Bata used lightweight polyurethane for their soles years ahead of other manufacturers in 1977.<ref>((Cite web |title=History |url=https://thebatacompany.com/about-us/history/ |access-date=14 November 2022 |website=Bata Corporation |language=en))</ref>
* One of the popular collaborations, [https://www.insidehook.com/article/style/bata-tennis-bullet-shoes-history-magic-johnson "Wilson by Bata" John Wooden signature model], was made in partnership with the legendary UCLA basketball coach John Wooden.<ref>((Cite web |last=Wilson |first=Jamie |date=2 October 2019 |title=100 Best Trainers Of All Time - Outsons |url=https://outsons.com/100-best-trainers/ |access-date=14 November 2022 |website=outsons.com |language=en-GB))</ref>
* [[Richard LaClede]] "Dick" Stockton, the #8-ranked tennis player in the world in 1978, [[Anthony Jacklin]], the first British player to win the Open Championship, and [[Kristien Shaw]], who had a career-high singles ranking of No. 10 in 1977, were among the many athletes who endorsed Bata products in the 60s and 70s.<ref>((Cite web |title=History |url=https://thebatacompany.com/about-us/history/ |access-date=14 November 2022 |website=Bata Corporation |language=en))</ref>
* Bata shoes are featured in [[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]], Elle and other fashion magazines in the 70s.<ref>((Cite web |title=History |url=https://thebatacompany.com/about-us/history/ |access-date=14 November 2022 |website=Bata Corporation |language=en))</ref>
* Italian photographer [[Oliviero Toscani]] - best known for his controversial advertising campaigns for Benetton - was behind the 1992 European Bata campaign 'Facce di Bata'.<ref>((Cite web |title=History |url=https://thebatacompany.com/about-us/history/ |access-date=14 November 2022 |website=Bata Corporation |language=en))</ref>
* [[John Goodman]] sports Bata combat boots in the immensely popular cult film [[The Big Lebowski]] by the [[Coen brothers]].<ref>((Cite web |title=History |url=https://thebatacompany.com/about-us/history/ |access-date=14 November 2022 |website=Bata Corporation |language=en))</ref>
* The New York Times Magazine special "Times Capsule" edition in December 1999 featured [https://www.nytimes.com/1999/12/05/magazine/a-few-of-our-favorite-things-and-other-favorite-things-from-the-world-s-peorias.html Robin Williams and a Bata "Hawaii" flip-flop on the cover].<ref>((Cite web |title=History |url=https://thebatacompany.com/about-us/history/ |access-date=14 November 2022 |website=Bata Corporation |language=en))</ref>
* In [[Susan Elderkin]]'s 2000 novel ''[[Sunset Over Chocolate Mountains]]'' one of the three narrative voices is Eva, a worker in a Bata factory in [[Partizánske]], Slovakia.<ref>((cite web|author=Matthew J. Reynolds |url=http://spectator.sme.sk/articles/view/2494/9/ |title=Review: A Slovak-Arizona journey - The Slovak Spectator |publisher=Spectator.sme.sk |date= 8 October 2001|access-date=19 November 2013))</ref>
* [[Emil Zátopek]] worked in a Bata factory in Zlín.
* ''Bata-ville: We are not afraid of the future'' is a 2005 documentary produced and directed by the artistic duo [[Somewhere (artist collective)|Karen Guthrie and Nina Pope]] that documents a party of former UK Bata workers on a coach trip to the headquarters of the company at Zlín.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0495576/|title=Bata-ville: We Are Not Afraid of the Future (2005)|date=1 April 2005|work=IMDb))</ref>
* The East Tilbury Bata factory features in the 2013 BBC 4 programme, ''Jonathan Meades: The Joy of Essex'', presented by [[Jonathan Meades]].<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.theartsdesk.com/tv/jonathan-meades-joy-essex-bbc-four|title=Jonathan Meades: The Joy of Essex, BBC Four ((!)) The Arts Desk|website=www.theartsdesk.com|date=30 January 2013|access-date=16 July 2019))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01qfr95|title=BBC Four - Jonathan Meades: The Joy of Essex|website=BBC|language=en-GB|access-date=16 July 2019))</ref>
* The Praha Shoe Company of the novel ''[[A Suitable Boy]]'' by [[Vikram Seth]] is modeled on Bata Shoes.<ref>((Cite web |title=History |url=https://thebatacompany.com/about-us/history/ |access-date=14 November 2022 |website=Bata Corporation |language=en))</ref>
* French actress and supermodel Laetitia Casta is photographed by Mario Sorrenti for the December edition of Lui Magazine (France) in 2014 [https://models.com/work/lui-magazine-france-laetitia-castee/325184 wearing Bata Tennis shoes.]<ref>((Cite web |title=Laetitia Castee (Lui Magazine France) |url=https://models.com/work/lui-magazine-france-laetitia-castee |access-date=14 November 2022 |website=MODELS.com))</ref>

==See also==
* [[Baťa's Skyscraper]], Zlín
* [[Bata Shoe Museum]], Toronto, Canada

==References==
((Reflist))

==Further reading==
* ((cite book |last1=Dinger |first1=Ed |title=International Directory of Company Histories |chapter=Bata Ltd |date=2006 |publisher=[[Gale (publisher)|Gale]] |chapter-url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/books/politics-and-business-magazines/bata-ltd))
* Bata: Shoemaker to the World by Thomas J Bata (1990) ((ISBN|978-0773724167))

==External links==
((sisterlinks|wikt=no|n=no|v=no|s=no|b=no|voy=no|species=no|d=Q688082|m=no))
* ((official website))
* [https://thebatacompany.com/ corporate website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170911160325/http://batamemories.org.uk/ Bata Memories] history of Bata community in [[Essex]], UK
* "Bata-ville – We are not afraid of the future": [http://www.somewhere.org.uk/bata-ville/ somewhere.org.uk/bata-ville] / [http://www.bata-ville.com bata-ville.com], [[Somewhere (artist collective)|Somewhere]], 2007 United Kingdom ''"Against the backdrop of economic regeneration, former employees of two now closed UK Bata factories are led on a unique journey through Bata's legacy and across a changing Europe."''
* [http://www.bataindustrials.com/ Bata Industrials]
* ((PM20|FID=co/072842|TEXT=Documents and clippings about|NAME=))

((Bata Limited))
((Running shoe brands))
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[[Category:Bata Corporation| ]]
[[Category:Clothing companies of Switzerland]]
[[Category:Clothing companies established in 1894]]
[[Category:Swiss brands]]
[[Category:Shoe companies of Switzerland]]
[[Category:Zlín]]
[[Category:Companies based in Lausanne]]
[[Category:Multinational companies headquartered in Switzerland]]
[[Category:Shoe brands]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Swiss companies established in 1894]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India]]

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Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Ns has subpages (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Official website (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Separated entries (view source) (protected)
Module:Side box (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Side box/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Sister project links (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Sister project links/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:Time ago (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:URL (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unicode data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Wd (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wd/i18n (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Webarchive (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Webarchive/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/nolinks (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/titleformats (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

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