Battle of Lomas Valentinas
Part of the Paraguayan War
The Marquis of Caxias leading the troops in Lomas Valentinas
Date December 21–27, 1868 Location Itá Ybaté, Central Department, Paraguay Result Allied victory
Belligerents
Paraguay Paraguayan Army Armed civilians	Empire of Brazil Imperial Army  Argentina Argentine Army  Uruguay Uruguayan Army
Commanders and leaders
Solano López	Marquis of Caxias
Strength
over 3,000[1]: 95	19,415[1]: 95
Casualties and losses
3,000[1]: 98  1,500 killed 1,500 captured	3,270:[1]: 97–98  Argentina: 64 killed and 283 wounded Brazil: 382 killed and 2,461 wounded Uruguay: 80 casualties

The Battle of Lomas Valentinas (also known as the Battle of Itá Ybaté) was fought in the Central Department of Paraguay on December 21–27, 1868. The Paraguayan Army, led personally by president Francisco Solano López, were decisively defeated, though López managed to escape. On 30 December 1868, the Paraguayan garrison at Angostura, with 1,907 men, surrendered to the Allies.^{[1]: 95–99}

Battle

Marshal Caxias had left Villeta at 02:00 on the 21st, and was ready to storm the Lomas Valentinas range by noon. Two columns of infantry, one under general José Luís Mena Barreto attacking the western defenses at Itá Ybaté, and another under general Jacinto Machado de Bittencourt [pt] aided by cavalry under general Andrade Neves attacking the northern defenses at Loma Acosta, where the hill of Cumbarity was located. The hill was taken by sundown.^{[1]: 95–96}

On December 22, Argentine and Uruguayan troops advanced towards Lomas Auxilio. Marshal Caxias spent the 23rd reorganizing his battalions. On the 24th, Caxias demanded the surrender of López, which he refused. The Allied assault commenced again with dawn on the 25th and the 26th. The Paraguayan defenses were finally taken on the 27th.^{[1]: 97–98}

Women

Nurse Ramona Martínez was enslaved by López, but due to her work fighting and encouraging troops at the battle, became known as "the American Joan of Arc".^[2]

Aftermath

López made his escape with the Aca Vera cavalry acting as his escort. Generals Resquín and Bernardino Caballero also escaped. This meant the war would continue.^[1]: 98

Gallery

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  Charge of the Argentine infantary at Lomas Valentinas