Bell 222/230
A Bell 222
Role Executive/utility helicopter
National origin United States
Manufacturer Bell Helicopter
First flight 13 August 1976
Introduction Bell 222: 1979
Bell 230: 1991
Produced Bell 222: 1980–1991
Bell 230: 1992–1995
Number built Bell 222: 199
Bell 230: 38[1]
Variants Bell 430
Developed into Bell D-292

The Bell 222 is an American twin-engine light helicopter built by Bell Helicopter. The Bell 230 is an improved development with different engines and other minor changes. A cosmetically modified version of the 222 was used as the titular aircraft in the American television series Airwolf.

Development

Origins

In the late 1960s, Bell began designing a new twin-turbine engine light helicopter. A mockup of the new helicopter was displayed in January 1974 at a helicopter convention.[2] Following interest at the convention the company announced the new Bell 222.[3] It was the first light commercial twin-turbine helicopter developed in the United States.[4]

The Bell 222 incorporated a number of advanced features including dual hydraulic and electrical systems, sponsons housing the retractable landing gear, and the Noda Matic vibration reduction system developed for the Bell 214ST.[1]

Manufacturing began in 1975.[2] The Model 222 first flew on August 13, 1976. It received certification from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on August 16, 1979 and was approved for visual flight rules (VFR) use on December 20, 1979. Helicopter deliveries began on January 16, 1980. The FAA approved the 222 for single-pilot instrument flight rules (IFR) operation on May 15, 1980.[5]

A Bell 222U

Improved versions

The more powerful Bell 222B was introduced in 1982 with a larger diameter main rotor. The 222B-based Bell 222UT Utility Twin, with skid landing gear, was introduced in 1983.[1]

A development of the 222 is the Bell 230, with the 222's LTS 101 engines replaced by two Allison 250 turboshafts, plus other refinements. A converted 222 first flew as the prototype 230 on August 12, 1991. Transport Canada awarded certification in March 1992, and the first production 230 was delivered that November. The 230 had optional skid or wheel undercarriage. Production ended in 1995 with 38 having been built, being replaced in Bell's lineup by the stretched, more powerful Bell 430.[1]

Design

LTS 101-750 engine installation (left engine) in a 222U

The design includes two main rotor blades of stainless-steel-fiberglass construction and rotor hub with elastomeric bearings, which are lubricant free.[4] Its cabin holds a maximum of ten persons with one-two pilots and eight-nine passengers. Seating configurations include standard seating for a pilot and seven passengers; or executive seating with one-two pilots and seating for five-six.[4] The Bell 222 and 230 are usually flown single-pilot (optional dual controls are available), and can be configured for corporate/executive, EMS or utility transport missions.[1]

Transmission installation in a 222U

The Bell 222 is powered by twin Lycoming/Honeywell LTS101-650 turboshaft engines, rated at 592 shp each.[5] Later 222 versions feature more powerful engines. Engine output is at 100% of rating at 9598 RPM. Two independent driveshafts deliver power from the engines to the transmission. The Bell 222's LTS engine exhaust stacks are located at the rear of the engines, while the 230's Allison engine exhaust stacks are located high on the cowling. Fuel is stored in three tanks, one in the fuselage and one in each sponson. The main rear landing gear retracts into the sponsons.[2]

The Bell 222's rotor systems include:

Variants

Bell 222
The original Model 222, sometimes unofficially called a Bell 222A to distinguish it from the Bell 222B. It was powered by two (618 hp takeoff rated, 591 hp max continuous rated) Honeywell (formerly Lycoming) LTS-101-650C-3 turboshafts.
Bell 222B
In 1982 the 222 was given a power upgrade (two Honeywell (formerly Lycoming) LTS-101-750Cs with takeoff rating of 680 hp each), a larger main rotor, and was renamed the Bell 222B.
Bell 222B Executive
This model had improved systems and a luxury interior.
Bell 222U rotor head and flight controls
Bell 222UT
A 222B variant with skids, introduced in 1983. The lack of retractable landing gear allowed for larger auxiliary fuel tanks.
Bell D-292
The Advanced Composite Airframe Program (ACAP) was a 1985 all-composite LHX proof-of-concept project. The Bell D-292 used the Avco Lycoming engines, transmission, two-bladed main and tail rotors, tailboom, vertical fin, and rotor pylon of the 222. The D-292 had a new composite airframe.
Bell 230
In 1991 the 222B design was updated, given more powerful engine versions, and renamed the Bell 230. Production ended in 1995.
Bell 230 Executive
Executive transport version.
Bell 230 Utility
Utility transport version.
Bell 230 EMS
Air ambulance version, equipped with one or two stretchers.
Bell 222SP
During the 1990s, some Bell 222s were modified with the 222B's engines and 230's Allison 250-C30G engines for improved single engine (engine-out) performance, and redesignated as 222SPs.[6]
Bell 430
In 1995 the Bell 430, a stretched 230 (adding another seating row), was launched, with more powerful engines and a four-blade main rotor.

Operators

Bell 222 of Rotor-Lift Aviation at Agfest 2010

The Bell 222 has seen service with a large number of civil operators, but only limited military service.

 Albania
 United States

Specifications

A London Metropolitan Police Air Support Unit Bell 222 fitted with a Marconi Heli-Tele in 1982
Model 222 222B 222U 230
Announced 1974 1982 1982 1990
First Flight August 13, 1976 1982 1983 August 12, 1991
Certified December 1979 August 1982 April 1983 March 1992
Delivered 1980 1982 1983 November 1992
Seats Front: pilot + one.   Main: four–six (depending on seat types)
Maximum ten (pilot and nine passengers)[9]
Height 11 ft 8 in (3.56 m) 12 ft 2 in (3.71 m) 11 ft 8 in (3.56 m)
Fuselage length 42 ft 2 in (12.85 m) 42 ft 11 in (12.78 m) 42 ft 3 in (12.88 m)
Rotor diameter 40 ft (12.2 m) 42 ft (12.80 m)
Length overall 49 ft 6 in (15.1 m) 50 ft 3 in (15.32 m)
Engine (2x) Lycoming LTS-101-650C-3 Lycoming LTS-101-750C Rolls-Royce 250-C30G/2
Power (2x) 618 hp (461 kW) 680 hp (505 kW) 700 hp (520 kW)
Max speed 130 kt
(149 mph, 240 km/h)		 135 kt
(155 mph, 250 km/h)		 140 kt
(161 mph, 260 km/h)
Climb rate 1,580 ft/min (8.03 m/s) 1,730 ft/min (8.79 m/s) ~1,600 ft/min (8.13 m/s)
Service ceiling 12,800 ft (3,901 m) 15,800 ft (4,816 m) 15,500 ft (4,724 m)
Hover ceiling ~9,000 ft (2,743 m) 10,300 ft (3,139 m) 12,400 ft (3,780 m)
Fuel capacity 188+48 US gal (710+182 L) 188+122 US gal (710+460 L) 188+ US gal (710+ L)
Range 324 nmi
(372 mi, 600 km)		 378 nmi
(434 mi, 700 km)		 386 nmi
(559 mi, 900 km)		 378 nmi
(434 mi, 700 km)
Empty weight 4,555 lb (2,066 kg) 4,577 lb (2,076 kg) 4,537 lb (2,058 kg) 5,097 lb (2,312 kg)
Maximum takeoff weight 7,848 lb (3,560 kg) 8,250 lb (3,742 kg) 8,400 lb (3,810 kg)

Sources: Airliners.net,[10] Helicopterdirect,[11] others[12][13]

Notable appearances in media

The Bell 222 is widely known from the television series Airwolf, where a modified 222A was featured.

See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Frawley, Gerard, The International Directory of Civil Aircraft, 2003-2004, Aerospace Publications Pty Ltd, 2003, ISBN 1-875671-58-7
  2. ^ a b c Apostolo, Giorgio. "Bell Model 222". The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Helicopters. New York: Bonanza Books. 1984. ISBN 978-0-517-43935-7.
  3. ^ Frawley, Gerard, "Bell 222 & 230", The International Directory of Civil Aircraft, 2003-2004, p. 46, Aerospace Publications Pty Ltd, 2003, ISBN 1-875671-58-7
  4. ^ a b c Donald, David, ed. "Bell Model 222". The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft. Barnes & Nobel Books, 1997. ISBN 0-7607-0592-5.
  5. ^ a b Pelletier, Alain J. Bell Aircraft Since 1935. US Naval Institute Press, 1992. ISBN 1-55750-056-8.
  6. ^ "Bell 222". Jane's Helicopter Markets and Systems. Jane's Information Group, 2009. (subscription article)[permanent dead link].
  7. ^ "Albanian Govt. Bell 222UT AL-HOV". helis.com. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  8. ^ "Albania - Government / Bell 222UT". Demand media. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  9. ^ FAA Type Certificate Data Sheet[permanent dead link]
  10. ^ Bell 222 & 230 page on airliner.net
  11. ^ Bell helicopter technical data, helicopterdirect.com
  12. ^ Bell 222 technical data on airwolf.tv-series.com Archived 2007-12-27 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ "Helicopters - Manufacturers and Models of Helicopters A - BEL". aircraftone.com. Archived from the original on 20 June 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2016. ((cite web)): Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bell 222.
Manufacturer
designations
Fighter aircraft
Target drones
Attack helicopters
Observation and
utility helicopters
Commercial helicopters
Tiltrotors
UAVs
Non-production helicopters
Experimental aircraft
Names
1 Unknown/not assigned
Categories