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((Short description|French businessman and politician (1943–2021)))
((Multiple issues|
((More citations needed|date=October 2021))
((expand French|date=September 2022|Bernard Tapie))
))

((Use dmy dates|date=October 2021))

((Infobox officeholder
| name                = Bernard Tapie
| image               = Tapie en 2011 en tournée en Belgique pour "OSCAR"..jpg
| caption             = Tapie in 2011
| image_size          = 220px
| office1             = Minister of City Affairs
| president1          = [[François Mitterrand]]
| primeminister1      = [[Pierre Bérégovoy]]
| term_start1         = 26 December 1992
| term_end1           = 28 March 1993
| predecessor1        = [[François Loncle]]
| successor1          = [[Simone Veil]]
| president2          = [[François Mitterrand]]
| primeminister2      = [[Pierre Bérégovoy]]
| term_start2         = 2 April 1992
| term_end2           = 23 May 1992
| predecessor2        = [[André Laignel]]
| successor2          = [[François Loncle]]
| office3             = [[National Assembly (France)|Member of the National Assembly]]
| term_start3         = 2 April 1993
| term_end3           = 5 September 1996
| constituency3       = [[Bouches-du-Rhône's 10th constituency|Bouches-du-Rhône 10]]
| predecessor3        = [[Yves Vidal]]
| successor3          = [[Roger Meï]]
| term_start4         = 22 January 1989
| term_end4           = 26 December 1992
| constituency4       = [[Bouches-du-Rhône's 6th constituency|Bouches-du-Rhône 6]]
| predecessor4        = [[Guy Teissier]]
| successor4          = [[Jean-Claude Chermann]]
| birth_name          = Bernard Roger Tapie
| birth_date          = ((birth date|1943|1|26|df=yes))
| birth_place         = Paris, [[Occupied France]]
| death_date          = ((death date and age|2021|10|3|1943|1|26|df=yes))
| death_place         = Paris, France
| resting_place       = 
| party               = [[Radical Party of the Left]]
| profession          = ((Hlist|Businessman|politician|actor|singer|television presenter))
| allegiance          = ((flagu|France))
| branch              = ((flagicon image|Logo of the French Army (Armee de Terre).svg|90px|Emblem of French Army (Armee de Terre))) [[French Army]]
| serviceyears        = 1963–1964
| unit                = ((flagicon image|Insigne régimentaire du 93e Régiment d'Infanterie..jpg|50px|Emblem of 93e régiment d'infanterie)) 93e régiment d'infanterie
| children            = 4, including [[Sophie Tapie|Sophie]]
))

'''Bernard Roger Tapie''' (((IPA-fr|bɛʁnaʁ ʁɔʒe tapi|lang)); 26 January 1943 – 3 October 2021) was a French businessman, politician and occasional actor, singer, and TV host. He was Minister of City Affairs in the government of [[Pierre Bérégovoy]].

==Life and career==
((more citations needed|section|date=October 2021))
Tapie was born in Paris. He was a businessman who specialized in recovering bankrupt companies, among which [[Adidas]] is the most famous (he owned Adidas from 1990 to 1993); and owner of sports teams: his cycling team [[La Vie Claire]] won the Tour de France twice – in 1985 and 1986 – and his football club [[Olympique de Marseille]] won the French championship four times in a row, and the Champions League in 1993.

[[La Vie Claire (company)|La Vie Claire]], one of Tapie's former businesses, is a chain of health product stores. It sponsored one of the strongest cycling teams of all time, La Vie Claire, which was founded after the 1983 European cycling season, when multiple [[Tour de France]] winner [[Bernard Hinault]] had acrimoniously broken away from the [[Renault–Elf–Gitane]] team. Hinault and [[Greg LeMond]] won successive Tours with the La Vie Claire team in 1985 and 1986. 

From 1986 to 1994, Tapie was the president of the [[Olympique de Marseille]] [[association football|football]] club, which became champions of France five times in a row (from [[1988–89 French Division 1|1989]] to [[1992–93 French Division 1|1993]]) and won the [[1992–93 UEFA Champions League]].

In 1985, he bought the sailing ship ''Club Mediterrannee'' from the wife of disappeared French navigator [[Alain Colas]]. The boat was transported to Marseille, where Tapie had his football team, and restored for two years. It was renamed ''[[Phocea (yacht)|Phocea]]'' and was at that time the longest sailing ship in the world (((cvt|225|ft|m|order=flip|round=5|disp=or))). Tapie took command of it with a new crew in 1988 and broke the world record for crossing the Atlantic Ocean.

In 2021, Tapie and his wife were severely beaten in a home invasion robbery.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56632958|title = Bernard Tapie: French tycoon and wife attacked in home|work = BBC News|date = 5 April 2021))</ref>

===Controversies===
In 1993, the same year that [[Olympique de Marseille]] won the [[UEFA Champions League|Champions League]], he was accused of [[French football bribery scandal|fixing the match]] between his club and minor club [[Valenciennes FC|Valenciennes]]; the motivation seemed to be that he could thus save his best players for important matches and not waste their energy.

His club was stripped of its [[Ligue 1|French league]] championship, though not of the Champions League title, and later suffered a forced relegation to the [[Ligue 2|second division]] because of this match-fixing suspicion.

In 1994, Tapie was under criminal investigation for complicity of corruption and witness tampering. After a high-profile case against [[public prosecutor]] [[Éric de Montgolfier]], he was sentenced in 1995 by the [[Court of Appeals]] of [[Douai]] to two years in prison, including 8 months non-suspended and three years of deprivation of his civic rights.

From 1993 to 2008 there was a long legal battle between Tapie and the [[Crédit Lyonnais]] bank (state-owned bank). Crédit Lyonnais had defrauded Tapie in 1993 and 1994 when it sold [[Adidas]] on his behalf to [[Robert Louis-Dreyfus]], apparently by arranging a larger sale with Dreyfus without Tapie's knowledge.

A 600-million-franc (90-million-Euro) sum was granted in 1995 by the French justice system, and after an appeal from Crédit Lyonnais the Appeal Court increased the sanction to 150 million Euros in 2005. This ruling was partially dismissed in [[Court of Cassation (France)|Cassation]].
In 2008 a special judicial panel ruled that Tapie should receive compensation of €404&nbsp;million from the French Ministry of Finance, headed by [[Christine Lagarde]]. She decided not to challenge the ruling. On 3 December 2015, a French court ruled that Tapie should return this compensation with interest.<ref>((cite news |title=Bernard Tapie ordered to repay €403m to French state |author=Anne-Sylvaine Chassany |url=https://www.ft.com/content/f6180cb4-99cd-11e5-9228-87e603d47bdc |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/f6180cb4-99cd-11e5-9228-87e603d47bdc |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription |newspaper=[[Financial Times]] |date=3 December 2015 |access-date=25 December 2016))</ref> A few days later, the [[Cour de Justice de la République|Court of Justice of the Republic]] ordered that Lagarde should stand trial for negligence.<ref>((cite web|title=IMF chief Lagarde to stand negligence trial in France|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-35121022|publisher=BBC|access-date=18 December 2015|date=17 December 2015))</ref>

On 19 December 2016, Lagarde was convicted of negligence; however, the conviction was not deemed a criminal record and Lagarde was not sentenced to any punishment.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/19/christine-lagarde-avoids-sentence-despite-guilty-verdict-in-negligence-trial|title=Christine Lagarde avoids jail, keeps job after guilty verdict in negligence trial|publisher=CBC News|access-date=20 December 2016))</ref>
In 2012, the new French government held by the socialists announced they would challenge in courts the Arbitrage sentence ruled in favor of Tapie under the presidency of [[Nicolas Sarkozy]]. After four years of new trials, the Arbitrage was canceled on the basis of a "suspected fraud" in the nomination and impartiality of one of the three judges who ruled in favor of Tapie.

In 2019, a criminal case was conducted against Tapie and the suspected judge concluded there was no fraud and the arbitrage was fully legal. The French authorities, supervised by the French government, appealed this decision. After 26 years of proceedings, this legal battle was still ongoing at the time of Tapie's death in 2021.

===Acquisitions===
Tapie made his fortune in the late 1970s and 1980s by acquiring bankrupt companies. The first companies that he purchased were paper companies Duverger and Diguet-Denis. Later came larger companies such as Leclanché Wonder – a large producer of batteries. He later sold this company to [[Union Carbide|Ucar]].

In 1990, Tapie purchased Adidas for nearly 1.6&nbsp;billion francs. He took up a loan syndicated with a banking pool with a majority of foreign banks (German and Japanese banks for the main part), and in minority from French backers, in particular with the SdBO, the subsidiary of Crédit Lyonnais group hidden for several years.

The AGF, the UAP and Crédit Lyonnais entered the capital of the sporting brand.
Adidas was nearly bankrupt when Tapie took it over.
His five-year plan saved the company, the major change being the marketing with the recruiting of Bob Strasser (former Chief of Design from Nike), and the change of image of the brand (the logo for example was changed, from the lotus flower to the more modern (and still current logo) three stripes triangle). 
Manufacturing was largely moved to Asia, and the distribution network was completely redesigned.

In 1995, Adidas was listed on the Stock Exchange for a valuation of 11 billion francs, nearly six times the price paid by Robert to Tapie to acquire it.<ref>((Cite news |agency=Bloomberg Business News |date=1993-02-13 |title=FRENCH GROUP TO ACQUIRE 78% STAKE IN ADIDAS |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/02/13/business/company-news-french-group-to-acquire-78-stake-in-adidas.html |access-date=2022-12-05 |issn=0362-4331))</ref> 
He subsequently had a [[#Legal difficulties|number of legal difficulties]] associated with the sale of the company, conducted by the French state-owned Crédit Lyonnais, which was subsequently sanctioned for lack of loyalty (by not informing Tapie he could sell the company at a much higher price than Crédit Lyonnais declared) and for breaching the obligation not to buy the company themselves. (Crédit Lyonnais used offshore companies to buy Adidas on their behalf but without declaring it.)
 
The Tapie group, through Bernard Tapie's son Laurent Tapie, who had created a successful company in the sportsbetting business that he sold in 2008 to Partouche Group (n.1 casino Group in Europe at that time), also tried to dabble in the [[online poker]] world when Laurent Tapie tried to acquire [[Full Tilt Poker]]. However, they were unable to negotiate a successful deal with the [[United States Department of Justice]], and the deal fell through.<ref name="PS">((Cite web|url=http://www.playsolidpoker.com/poker-news/bernard-tapie-biography/|title=Bernard Tapie Biography|website=Playsolidpoker.com|access-date=24 October 2021))</ref>

===Media===
In 1995, Tapie turned to artistic endeavors because he was unable to pursue his previous interests: he was personally bankrupt and therefore unable to pursue business ventures, he was declared ineligible to run for political office, and he was banned from football. The first thing he turned to was film. He starred, together with [[Fabrice Luchini]], in [[Claude Lelouch]]'s 1996 movie ''[[Hommes, femmes, mode d'emploi]]'' (''Men, Women: A User's Manual'').<ref>((Cite web |date=27 September 2012 |title=Hommes, femmes, mode d'emploi (1996) |url=http://www.imdb.fr/title/tt0116555/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927222042/http://www.imdb.fr/title/tt0116555/ |archive-date=27 September 2012 |access-date=11 October 2021 |website=IMDb))</ref>

In 1998, he collaborated on a song written by [[Doc Gynéco]], "C'est beau la vie."

In 2000, he made his debut as a theater actor, receiving great reviews from French critics for his re-enactment of Jack Nicholson's role of Randle McMurphy in ''[[One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (film)|One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest]]''.

In 2001, a documentary titled ''Who is Bernard Tapie?'' was produced by American filmmaker [[Marina Zenovich]].<ref>((Cite web |date=19 October 2012 |title=Who Is Bernard Tapie? (2001) |url=http://www.imdb.fr/title/tt0307664/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019042737/http://www.imdb.fr/title/tt0307664/ |archive-date=19 October 2012 |access-date=11 October 2021 |website=IMDb))</ref>

From 2001 to 2005, Tapie acted in theater plays and appeared in the French TV series ''Valence'' as a police chief.

In 2018, Tapie was diagnosed with double cancer (stomach and esophagus). He was later treated in France and in Belgium, partially with experimental treatments.

In 2023, Netflix released the biographical limited series ''Class Act.''  <ref>((cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/12/i-deplore-it-bernard-tapies-family-oppose-netflix-series-about-tycoon|title=‘I deplore it’: Bernard Tapie’s family oppose Netflix series about tycoon|publisher=The Guardian))</ref>

== Death ==
In the morning of 3 October 2021, his family announced that he had died at the age of 78. Tapie had been suffering from stomach cancer for several years.<ref>((cite web|date=2021-10-03|title=Colourful French tycoon and former minister Bernard Tapie dies at 78|url=https://www.france24.com/en/france/20211003-controversial-french-tycoon-and-former-minister-bernard-tapie-dies-at-78|access-date=2021-10-03|website=France 24))</ref>

President [[Emmanuel Macron]], a lifelong supporter of [[Olympique de Marseille|Olymipique de Marseille]], expressed his condolences to Tapie's family in a statement, saying he and his wife "have been touched by the news of the death of Bernard Tapie, whose ambition, energy and enthusiasm were a source of inspiration for generations of French people". ((citation needed|date=October 2021))

[[Olympique de Marseille|OM]] said in a statement, "Olympique de Marseille learned with deep sadness of the passing of Bernard Tapie. He will leave a great void in the hearts of the Marseillais and will forever remain in the legend of the club".<ref>((cite news|date=2021-10-03|title=French businessman and former Olympique de Marseille chairman Tapie dies|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/french-businessman-former-olympique-de-marseille-chairman-tapie-has-died-2021-10-03/|access-date=2021-10-03))</ref>

==See also==
*[[Mouna Ayoub]]
*[[Phocea (yacht)|Phocéa]]

== References ==
((reflist))

== External links ==
((commons category|Bernard Tapie))
* [http://fr.calameo.com/read/000000009c8e3b3477360 Integral arbitration decision in the Tapie's case 2008]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130701221739/http://affairetapie.info/ affairetapie.info]
* [http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x6remz_l-audition-de-bernard-tapie_news Bernard Tapie hearing about the Adidas case arbitration]
* [http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x6repa_audition-de-jean-peyrelevade_news Jean Peyrelevade (former president of Crédit Lyonnais) hearing about the Adidas case arbitration]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130814153456/http://www.tapie.info/ Hervé Causse's analysis]

((Adidas))
((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Tapie, Bernard))
[[Category:1943 births]]
[[Category:2021 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century French businesspeople]]
[[Category:20th-century French male actors]]
[[Category:21st-century French male actors]]
[[Category:Adidas people]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Paris]]
[[Category:Deaths from cancer in France]]
[[Category:Deaths from stomach cancer]]
[[Category:Deputies of the 10th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic]]
[[Category:Deputies of the 9th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic]]
[[Category:Government ministers of France]]
[[Category:Male actors from Paris]]
[[Category:Musicians from Paris]]
[[Category:Olympique de Marseille chairmen]]
[[Category:Politicians from Paris]]
[[Category:Radical Party of the Left politicians]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Paris]]
[[Category:French actor-politicians]]

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