Bipattarini (Bipottarini), also termed as Bipodtarini or Bipadtarini is a Hindu goddess (Devi), worshipped in Bangladesh, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Orissa, Assam and surrounding areas. Closely associated with goddess Sankattarani and considered as one of the 108 Avatars of the goddess Durga, Bipadtarini is prayed to for help in overcoming troubles.[1] Her legends are recounted during the annual festival associated with her, the Bipadtarini Vrata, observed by women, on the Between Dwitiya (Ratha Yatra) to Dashami (Ulta Ratha Yatra or Bahuda Jatra) or Between 2nd day to 10th Day of the Shukla paksha (waxing moon) Tuesday or Saturday in month of Ashada according to the Hindu Calendar. Her legends established her name, Bipada – Tarini, which literally means deliverer from troubles.[2][3]

Legend

The hibiscus flower, holds a key place in the legend of Bipadtarini

The puja (ritual worship) of Bipodtarini - a vrata (vow) performed by women - is followed or preceded by the telling of the legend of the goddess. The legend is set in Vishnupur or Bishnupur (in the present West Bengal), the seat of the Mallabhum kingdom from 7th century AD to 19th century during the period of Malla kings who belonged to Bagdi caste (Barga Kshatriya). The queen had a friend belonging to Mochi caste who ate beef. The queen was horrified to learn this, out of curiosity the queen wanted to see the meat. One day, the queen asked her friend to show it to her. The girl initially refused, fearing the wrath of the pious Hindu king, however later she complied with the queen's request. However, the queen got betrayed and the furious king rushed to kill her. The queen hid the meat in her clothes and prayed to goddess Durga for help. Subsequently when the king tore her clothes to find what was hidden beneath them, all he could find there was a red jaba flower (hibiscus). Even today the goddess's puja remains part of women’s rites and is performed for the goddess' intervention during a family crisis.[3]

Like some other manifestations of Durga, who are invoked during time of specific crisis, or to help an ailing family member, Bipadtarini is also prayed as "cure deity".[4] The annual Bipadtarini-Puja is an important event in the religious calendar of most temples in the region.[5][6]

Worship

Act of performing Dandi considered a significant ritual during the Bipadtarini puja at Asansol

Bipodtarini is worshiped annually at Mahishilla Colony, Asansol, West Bengal. The ceremony or puja for Bipodtarini was first performed 20 years ago by Phani Bhusan Goswami and his wife Sabitri Goswami. The ceremony is attended by people from the Durgapur, Asansol, Burdwan and Birbhum areas.

The celebration goes on for four days. The first day is the aradhana ("worship") of the goddess, followed by two nights of celebrations which include performances of traditional Bengali folk songs, bhajans and kirtans by artists from Bolpur (Shantiniketan) and the Birbhum district. On the fourth day the traditional bisorjon or immersion of the goddess in water is performed.

Bipodtarini puja includes many rituals like the fasting observed by majority of women on the day of the puja. The tying of the red colored taga on the wrist is also one of the significant customs. The taga is a kind of thread considered to be made sacred through the various rituals on the event of the puja.[7]

The puja at Asansol also constitutes the performance of Dandi. While performing this act first the devotees have to take a holy bath, to cleanse of sin and purify themselves. Then from the place of holy bath to the place of worship, the devotees repeatedly prostrate before the goddess by lying down their full body on the ground with their arms on top and cover the full distance without walking.

Important shrines

People offering pooja to Bipadtarini Devi in Pramod Villa, Mahisilla Colony, Asansol

References

  1. ^ "See Durga's 51 avatars under a single roof". Indian Express. Oct 4, 2008.
  2. ^ Chakrabarti, S. B. (2002). A Town in the Rural Milieu Baruipur, West Bengal. Anthropological Survey of India, Ministry of Tourism and Culture, Dept. of Culture. p. 16. ISBN 978-81-85579-73-3.
  3. ^ a b Östör, Ákos (2004). The Play of the Gods: Locality, Ideology, Structure, and Time in the Festivals of a Bengali Town. Orient Blackswan. p. 43. ISBN 81-8028-013-6.
  4. ^ Roy, Sarat Chandra (1993). Man in India, Volume 73. A.K. Bose. p. 334.
  5. ^ Chaudhuri, Buddhadeb (1981). The Bakreshwar Temple: a study on continuity and change. Inter-India Publications. p. 42.
  6. ^ "Sarbamangala Mandir". Bardhaman district website.
  7. ^ Talukdar, Jaita (2008). A Sociological Study of the Culture of Fasting and Dieting of Women in Urban India. A project submitted in University of Cincinnati - Division of Research and advanced studies by Jayeeta Talukdar. p. 90.
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