  Biruni Island Location in the South Shetland Islands  Biruni Island Location in Antarctica | |
| Geography | |
|---|---|
| Location | Antarctica |
| Coordinates | 61°06′32.5″S 54°59′04″W / 61.109028°S 54.98444°W |
| Archipelago | South Shetland Islands |
| Area | 3.59 ha (8.9 acres) |
| Length | 450 m (1480 ft) |
| Width | 150 m (490 ft) |
| Administration | |
| Administered under the Antarctic Treaty | |
| Demographics | |
| Population | uninhabited |
Biruni Island (Bulgarian: остров Бируни, romanized: ostrov Biruni, IPA: [ˈɔstrov biˈruni]) is the rocky island off the north coast of Elephant Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica 450 m long in southwest–northeast direction and 150 m wide, with a surface area of 3.59 ha. It is separated from Elephant Island by a passage narrowing to 70 m at points. The island was formed as a result of the retreat of Elephant Island's ice cap at the turn of the 21st century.
The feature is named after Abu Rayhan Biruni (973-1048), an Iranian scholar who proposed the use of triangulation to measure distances and position places; in association with other names in the area deriving from the early development or use of geodetic instruments and methods.
