The Black Lives Matter movement has been depicted and documented in various artistic forms and mediums including film, song, television, and the visual arts. In some instances this has taken place in the form of protest art (also referred to as activist art or "artivism").[1] These cultural representations have also grown organically among artists who seek to partake in activist efforts in support or in recognition of the Black Lives Matter movement.[2][3] The themes conveyed in these artistic works address the history of racism and injustice toward people of color in the United States and typically express sentiments of anger and fear as well as solace and hope.[4]
The Provocateurs: A Master Series which features talks with established, provocative Black artists from all fields about their works within a politically radical framework. It was produced by Black Lives Matter Arts+Culture.[9]
Rest in Power: The Trayvon Martin Story (2018) is an American documentary television series that premiered on July 30, 2018 on Paramount Network. The six-episode series documents the shooting of Trayvon Martin and explores the racial tension in the United States that was brought about in its wake.[12]
13th (2016) is an American documentary film featuring scholars, activists, and politicians. It focuses on racial inequality in the United States, emphasizing the notion that incarceration is used as a way to control Black and Brown people.[14]
The ABC sitcom Black-ish featured a debate about Black Lives Matter in the episode "Hope".[15]
The primetime Fox drama Empire aired season 3 episode 2 on September 28, 2016, which portrays Black Lives Matter and police brutality when Andre Lyon is attacked by police officers for moving boxes outside his home, without any wrongdoing.[16]
The television drama Scandal depicted Black Lives Matter in its March 5, 2015, episode that showed a police officer shooting an unarmed black teenager.[19]
Station 19 season 4 (2021) deals intensively with BLM in nearly every episode.
Grey's Anatomy Season 17 (2021) deals less intensively with BLM than its spinoff Station 19, but it comes up in many episodes.
Literature
Books
All-American Boys (2015) is a young adult novel by Jason Reynolds and Brendan Kiely. The book is narrated and told from the points of view of Rashad Butler and Quinn Collins. Rashad is a sixteen-year-old African-American boy who is brutalized by Officer Galluzzo because he's mistaken for a shoplifter. Quinn Collins is a sixteen-year-old Caucasian-American boy who witnesses Rashad being beaten by his best friend's older brother. Rashad doesn't want to become a symbol or an icon even though he becomes a hashtag: #RashadIsAbsentAgainToday. Quinn wants to stay neutral in order to stay loyal to his friend but his conscience says otherwise. As protests are planned, each boy has to come to terms with the racism that still plagues the world in order to ensure that no one else will ever be absent again because of police brutality.
The Hate U Give (2017) is a young adult novel by Angie Thomas. It is Thomas's debut novel, expanded from a short story she wrote in college in reaction to the police shooting of Oscar Grant. The book is narrated by Starr Carter, a 16-year-old black girl from a poor neighborhood who attends an elite private school in a predominantly white, affluent part of the city.[20] Her two worlds collide when her childhood friend, Khalil Harris, is shot and killed by a cop. Since Khalil was unarmed, he soon becomes a hashtag and adds fuel to the BLM Movement. But only Starr can tell the world what happened the night Khalil died and it still might not be enough to help Khalil get justice. The film adaptation was released the following year.
Dear Martin (2017) is a young adult novel by Nic Stone. The novel is about an African-American teenage boy named Justyce McAllister who is forced to take a closer look at race relations during the rise of the BLM Movement after he's racially profiled. He writes to the late Martin Luther King Jr. in order to see if nonviolence can still work in the present-day.
I Am Alfonso Jones (2017) is the first graphic novel that focuses on police brutality and the BLM Movement. The graphic novel is written by Tony Medina and illustrated by Stacey Robinson and John Jennings. Alfonso Jones, an Afro-Latino teenage boy, is shot and killed by a New York City police officer after a customer mistakes a coat hanger he was holding for a gun. Alfonso's ghost rides a "Soul Train" composed of other black New Yorkers who were victims of police brutality. Alfonso's death adds fuel to the BLM Movement but his chances of getting justice and being allowed to rest and move on to the afterlife aren't very high.
Ghost Boys (2018) is a children's novel by Jewell Parker Rhodes. The novel is told from the point of view of a twelve-year-old boy named Jerome Rogers who is murdered by a Chicago police officer after his toy gun is mistaken for a real gun. Jerome's ghost sees how his death affects his family, his friend, and even the daughter of the cop who murdered him. He also meets the ghost of Emmett Till among other ghost boys who were victims of racist attacks. Jerome better understands how historical and systemic racism led to his own death and does what he can to help the living make the world a better place.
Magazines
The February 2015 issue of Essence magazine and the cover was devoted to Black Lives Matter.[22]
In December 2015, BLM was a contender for the Time magazine Person of the Year award, coming in fourth of the eight candidates.[23]
Black Lives Matter Movement: A movement in photosABC news published an issue featuring the Black Lives Matter movement in photos. The photos consist of BLM protests ranging from 2013 to 2021, showing protests that stemmed from the killings of Black and Brown people, at the hands of police.[24]
"Rockstar" (2020) is a song by American rapper DaBaby, featuring vocals from American rapper Roddy Ricch. The song was released on April 24, 2020 as the lead single from DaBaby's third studio album Blame It on Baby.[31]
"Black Women Artists for Black Lives Matter at Project Row Houses" exhibition - An exhibition of works by Black Women Artists for Black Lives Matter was held at Project Row Houses in Houston, Texas from March 25 through June 4 in 2017. "You gotta love us or leave us alone" is painted on the front of the center row-house.[35]
Taking a Stand in Baton Rouge is a photograph of Ieshia Evans, a nurse from Pennsylvania, being arrested by police officers dressed in riot gear during a protest in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, on 9 July 2016. The protest began in the aftermath of the shooting by police of Alton Sterling and Philando Castile.[36]
Street murals and art began to be created in the mid-twentieth century, but became a way of "reappropriating public space in the name of inclusion, diversity, and equality" in the 1960s, such as the Wall of Respect made in Bronzeville, Chicago in 1967. It features portraits of noted Black figures including Harriet Tubman, Muhammad Ali, and Malcolm X.[37]
Street painting
A number of cities have painted murals of "Black Lives Matter" in large yellow letters on their streets. While some find that the street paintings are an important validation of the movement, critics charge that it is a distraction from working on meaningful change.[37]
Black Lives Matter street painting of "Black Lives Matter" is painted in massive yellow letters and naming of Black Lives Matter Plaza on 16th Street in Washington, D.C. was ordered in early June 2020 by Muriel Bowser, the mayor of the city. The mural was painted near the White House on several blocks of 16th Street by local artists and volunteers, such as several people from the Department of Public Works.[37][38]
And we had the opportunity to send that message loud and clear on a very important street in our city. That message is to the American people that black lives matter, black humanity matters, and we as a city raise that up.
— Muriel Bowser, Mayor of Washington, D.C. and painting Black Lives Matter on the street near the White House[39]
Black Lives Matter street painting in Birmingham, Alabama — "Black Lives Matter" was painted in massive yellow letters on 1st Avenue South between 16th and 17th Streets.[40]
New York street art — The murder of George Floyd, the deaths of Breonna Taylor, Eric Garner, Elijah McClain, and others due to police violence triggered the creation of street art in New York City. The art represents a memorial to those who died as well as a means to support the Black Lives Matter movement.[41] The works include Taking the knee, Breonna Taylor, Color is not a crime, and Say their names.[42]
Various artists took to the streets of New York, in the Harlem and Lower Manhattan areas to express their support of the movement by painting the words Black Lives Matter in the streets in Bold letters, adding their own twist and using some of the letters to promote a message.[43]
Portraits — Works of art are also circulated through social media, like Instagram, by artists who are grappling with the tragedies that have sparked and continue throughout the Black Lives Matter movement. In some cases their works are portraits of the victims of police violence, such as George Floyd by Teddy Phillips or Breonna Taylor by Naimah Thomas.[44]
Messages — In other cases, images are meant to convey a specific message. Dani Coke's image is illustrated with the words "Just a reminder that MLK Jr was not a quiet, gentle, law-abiding peacekeeper but a radical disrupter who rejected passive inaction & fought for justice through organized civil disobedience." She also created "Why COVID-19 is Ravaging Black America".[44] Ciara LeRoy, a lettering artist by trade, created embroidered works. One is FREEDOM, FREEDOM, FREEDOM. Another states "tragedy. shock. sadness. outrage. blame. blame. blame. what do we do? talk. talk. talk. post. post. post. DO NOTHING IN YOUR DAILY LIFE TO DISMANTLE OPPRESSION... repeat."[44] A picture of Kristin Garvey's handwritten poster was seen over social media by Jennifer Rosen Heinz who then recruited Kristin Joiner locally to transform it into the Black Lives Matter-themed image "In this house, we believe" that has since gone viral nationwide.[45][46]
^Wingate, J. (2018). CHAPTER THIRTEEN# MUSEUMSRESPOND: SOCIAL JUSTICE AND THE ENGAGED MUSEUM. Museums and Public Art?, 238.
^Greenberg, A. (2017). Arts Awareness at the Metropolitan Museum of Art: Art Museum Education as Artistic and Political Practic (Doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois at Chicago).
