Bort
(also boort or boart)
mixed clump of both gem and non-gem grade (bort) particles
A mixture of bort and gem diamonds (larger inclusions) from the Crater of Diamonds State Park
General
CategoryMineral variety
Formula
(repeating unit)		C
Identification
Colorvaries (white to yellowish in powder form, yellow to brownish in larger shards)
Use/purpose
Major varieties
Similar occurrences

Bort, boart, or boort is an umbrella term used in the diamond industry to refer to shards of non-gem-grade/quality diamonds. In the manufacturing and heavy industries, "bort" is used to describe dark, imperfectly formed or crystallized diamonds of varying levels of opacity. The lowest grade, "crushing bort", is crushed by steel mortars and used to make industrial-grade abrasive grits. Small bort crystals are used in drill bits. The Democratic Republic of the Congo provides 75% of the world supply of crushing bort.[1][2][3]

Use and application

Bort-like heavily twinned diamond from Congo

Bort is commonly used as an abrasive. Smaller flakes and particles are used as an additive for scouring or polishing pastes and agents. Larger particles can be added to cutting, drilling and grinding tools to improve their lifespan and substantially increase their efficiency.[4]

Bort particles varying from one to two nanometers[5] are added to lubricants such as paraffin oil. These particles will embed themselves into minute irregularities and imperfections of moving-part surfaces. Particles that remain suspended in the lubricant oil act as both a polishing agent, further smoothening the surfaces, and as ball bearings between the surfaces. Such nanotechnology applications with paraffin oil containing approximately 1% of these nano-size bort particles may decrease the friction up to half of that without the nano-particles.[6][7]

See also

Necklace made of cut-off chips and low-quality rough diamonds
Look up bort in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

References

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Bort".
  1. ^ Spear, K.E; Dismukes, J.P. (1994). Synthetic Diamond: Emerging CVD Science and Technology. Wiley–IEEE. p. 628. ISBN 0-471-53589-3. Archived from the original on 2015-04-25.
  2. ^ Industrial diamond. Encyclopædia Britannica.
  3. ^ Bort. Encyclopædia Britannica.
  4. ^ MINES BUREAU (2010). Minerals Yearbook Metals and Minerals 2010 Volume I. pp. 21–22. ISBN 978-1-4113-3449-6. Archived from the original on December 30, 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2018.((cite book)): CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Scientific notation in SI unit(s): 1–2 × 10−9 m.
  6. ^ Ballengee, Jason (2016). "Nanodiamond and Lubrication Applications" (PDF). aiche.org. SP3 NANOTECH, LLC. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 6, 2018. Retrieved December 6, 2018.
  7. ^ GEORGE, BEEKMAN (January 6, 1997). "Betere smering met behulp van zeer fijn diamantpoeder (Better lubrication using diamond powder of very small particles)". nrc.nl (in Dutch). NRC Handelsblad. Archived from the original on December 6, 2018. Retrieved December 6, 2018.((cite news)): CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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