This Brookings list of metropolitan economies in the United Kingdom was compiled by the Brookings Institution in Washington, D.C. and based upon the UK metropolitan areas as defined by the ESPON project of the European Union,[1] which in turn is based on the 2001 Census. The ESPON database is the most consistent with United States definitions of metropolitan areas.[1]

A metropolitan economy is the economy of a metropolitan area, made up of one or more cities and the surrounding suburban and rural areas to which they are closely economically tied through commuting.[2] These areas therefore reflect a city's actual economic footprint, unconstrained by the artificial political barriers of city boundaries.[2]

List of metropolitan economies by size

Metropolitan area GDP
(2012, $bn, PPP) 		Population (2012) GDP per capita
(2012, $) 		GDP per capita change
(2011–2012, %) 		Employment
(2012) 		Employment change
(2011–2012, %)
London 731.2 8,961,989 51,978 -1.0 7,889,910 +1.8
Birmingham 114.3 3,701,107 30,896 -1.1 1,698,066 +0.6
Manchester 88.3 2,568,711 34,385 -1.0 1,277,921 +0.8
Leeds-Bradford 69.8 2,262,749 30,833 -1.5 1,059,414 +0.7
Liverpool 57.3 2,017,132 28,414 -1.0 904,822 +0.4
Glasgow 55.5 1,459,513 38,027 -0.6 782,821 +0.8
Nottingham-Derby 50.6 1,572,501 32,170 -0.7 773,369 +1.2
Portsmouth-Southampton 50.0 1,349,259 37,088 -0.5 686,059 +1.8
Bristol 46.2 1,140,064 40,561 -0.8 606,804 +1.3
Newcastle-Sunderland 44.4 1,495,557 29,703 -1.2 656,818 +0.3
Sheffield 38.8 1,481,830 26,157 -1.1 645,559 +0.9
Cardiff-Newport 35.2 1,190,835 29,527 -1.4 522,726 +0.3
Edinburgh 33.1 558,243 59,332 -1.5 365,628 +0.9
Leicester 27.5 795,920 34,535 -1.0 414,918 +1.3
Brighton 20.6 596,735 34,483 -0.3 306,661 +1.9

Source[3]

List of metropolitan economies by industry sector

Metropolitan area GDP (2012, $bn, PPP) Commodities (%) Commodities ($bn) Construction (%) Construction ($bn) Business and Finance (%) Business and Finance ($bn) Manufacturing (%) Manufacturing ($bn) Local and non market (%) Local and non market ($bn) Trade and Tourism (%) Trade and Tourism ($bn) Transportation (%) Transportation ($bn) Utilities (%) Utilities ($bn)
London 731.2 6.9 50.5 4.9 35.8 47.8 349.5 5.5 40.2 15.2 111.1 12.1 88.5 6.9 50.5 0.8 5.8
Birmingham 114.3 5.0 5.7 6.4 7.3 29.7 33.9 13.5 15.4 20.6 23.5 15.7 17.9 6.3 7.2 2.7 3.1
Manchester 88.3 4.7 4.2 5.6 4.9 35.0 30.9 12.5 11.0 18.5 16.3 14.2 12.5 7.0 6.2 2.5 2.2
Leeds-Bradford 69.8 4.8 3.4 5.8 4.0 29.5 20.6 15.7 11.0 20.6 14.4 14.8 10.3 6.0 4.2 2.8 2.0
Liverpool 57.3 5.0 2.9 5.7 3.3 28.4 16.3 14.7 8.4 23.0 13.2 14.6 8.4 7.3 4.2 1.3 0.7
Glasgow 55.5 4.4 2.4 5.8 3.2 36.2 20.1 9.7 5.4 22.0 12.2 12.3 6.8 7.5 4.2 2.2 1.2
Nottingham-Derby 50.6 6.0 3.0 7.8 3.9 25.8 13.1 17.2 8.7 19.8 10.0 14.4 7.3 5.8 2.9 3.2 1.6
Portsmouth-Southampton 50.0 5.1 2.6 6.3 3.2 35.3 17.7 10.7 5.4 19.1 9.6 15.0 7.5 6.9 3.5 1.7 0.9
Bristol 46.2 4.7 2.2 6.2 2.9 36.6 16.9 9.3 4.3 20.5 9.5 13.8 6.4 7.2 3.3 1.6 0.7
Newcastle 44.4 4.9 2.2 6.9 3.1 27.3 12.1 15.0 6.7 24.5 10.9 12.4 5.5 6.6 2.9 2.5 1.1
Sheffield 38.8 5.1 2.0 7.8 3.0 24.6 9.5 14.8 5.7 24.3 9.4 14.8 5.7 7.5 2.9 0.9 0.3
Cardiff-Newport 35.2 5.7 2.0 5.8 2.0 28.0 9.9 13.9 4.9 25.5 9.0 13.3 4.7 5.5 1.9 2.3 0.8
Edinburgh 33.1 4.7 1.6 3.4 1.1 47.8 15.8 4.6 1.5 20.4 6.8 11.2 3.7 5.7 1.9 2.2 0.7
Leicester 27.5 5.6 1.5 6.5 1.8 25.5 7.0 16.4 4.5 18.9 5.2 14.8 4.1 7.0 1.9 5.1 1.4
Brighton 20.6 6.2 1.3 5.6 1.2 32.9 6.8 6.7 1.4 21.5 4.4 15.4 3.2 9.1 1.9 2.7 0.6

Source[3]

Industry sectors

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Istrate & Nadeau 2012, p. 36.
  2. ^ a b Istrate & Nadeau 2012, p. 4.
  3. ^ a b Global MetroMonitor, The Brookings Institution, 2012, archived from the original on 2013-06-05, retrieved 2013-12-24
  4. ^ Istrate & Nadeau 2012, p. 37.

Bibliography

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