Republican tribe in Iron-Age India
Buli (Pāli: Buli) was an ancient Indo-Aryan tribe of north-eastern South Asia whose existence is attested during the Iron Age. The population of Buli, the Bulayas, were organised into a gaṇasaṅgha (an aristocratic oligarchic republic), presently referred to as the Buli Republic.
Location
The territory of the Bulayas was located near Magadha, and their neighbours were the Brāhmaṇa tribe of Veṭhadīpa-Droṇagrāma.
The capital city of the Bulayas was the city of Allakappa.
Name
The exact origin of the name of the Buli tribe is unknown, although it might have been derived from the Sanskrit root bul (Sanskrit: बुल्), meaning to "cause to sink" or "to submerge."
The name of the Bulaya capital of Allakappa might have been a compound of the terms alla, meaning "moist" or "wet," and kappa (kalpa in Sanskrit), meaning "anything made with a definite object in view" or "that which is fit and suitable." The name Allakappa would thus have meant "suitably damp" or "almost damp."
History
The Bulayas became Buddhists during the life of the Buddha, and after he passed away and was cremated in the city of Kusinārā, the Bulayas sent a messenger to the Mallakas of Kusinārā to demand a share of his relics.
Political and social organisation
Republican institutions
The Bulayas were a kṣatriya tribe organised into a gaṇasaṅgha (an aristocratic oligarchic republic).
The Assembly
Like the other gaṇasaṅgha, the ruling body of the Buli republic was an Assembly of the kṣatriya elders who held the title of rājās (meaning "chiefs").
The Council
The Assembly met rarely, and the administration of the republic was instead in the hands of the Council, which was a smaller body of the Assembly, whose members were elected from the assembly. The Council met more often than the Assembly.
The Consul
The Bulaya Assembly elected for life a consul rājā who held the title of Allakappa-rājā ("chief of Alakappa"). The consul rājā administered the republic with the assistance of the Assembly and Council.
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