CXCL11
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1RJT
Identifiers
Aliases	CXCL11, H174, I-TAC, IP-9, IP9, SCYB11, SCYB9B, b-R1, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 11
External IDs	OMIM: 604852 HomoloGene: 3944 GeneCards: CXCL11
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 4 (human)[1] Band 4q21.1 Start 76,033,682 bp[1] End 76,041,415 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in appendix body of pancreas lymph node rectum smooth muscle tissue islet of Langerhans monocyte Achilles tendon palpebral conjunctiva spleen n/a More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function chemokine activity cytokine activity heparin binding protein binding CXCR3 chemokine receptor binding Cellular component extracellular region extracellular space intracellular anatomical structure Biological process chemotaxis positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis T cell chemotaxis chemokine-mediated signaling pathway response to lipopolysaccharide cell-cell signaling positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling regulation of cell population proliferation immune response signal transduction defense response inflammatory response antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide regulation of signaling receptor activity G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway neutrophil chemotaxis leukocyte chemotaxis cellular response to lipopolysaccharide Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6373 n/a Ensembl ENSG00000169248 n/a UniProt O14625 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005409 NM_001302123 n/a RefSeq (protein) NP_001289052 NP_005400 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 76.03 – 76.04 Mb n/a PubMed search [2] n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

C-X-C motif chemokine 11 (CXCL11) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CXCL11 gene.^[3]

C-X-C motif chemokine 11 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also called Interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC) and Interferon-gamma-inducible protein 9 (IP-9). It is highly expressed in peripheral blood leukocytes, pancreas and liver, with moderate levels in thymus, spleen and lung and low expression levels were in small intestine, placenta and prostate.^[4]

Gene expression of CXCL11 is strongly induced by IFN-γ and IFN-β, and weakly induced by IFN-α.^[5] This chemokine elicits its effects on its target cells by interacting with the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3, with a higher affinity than do the other ligands for this receptor, CXCL9 and CXCL10.^[4][6] CXCL11 is chemotactic for activated T cells. Its gene is located on human chromosome 4 along with many other members of the CXC chemokine family.^[7][8]

Biomarkers

CXCL9, -10, -11 have proven to be valid biomarkers for the development of heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction, suggesting an underlining pathophysiological relation between levels of these chemokines and the development of adverse cardiac remodeling.^[9][10]