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((short description|Subfamily of the cactus family, Cactaceae))
((more citations needed|date=August 2018))
((automatic taxobox
| image = Warzenkaktus - Mammillaria elongata.JPG
| image_caption = ''[[Mammillaria elongata]]''
| taxon = Cactoideae
| authority = Eaton
| subdivision_ranks = Tribes or clades
| subdivision = [[#Tribes and genera|See text]].
))
The '''Cactoideae''' are the largest subfamily of the cactus family, [[Cactaceae]], and are widely distributed throughout the Americas. Around 80% of cactus species belong to this subfamily.<ref>((cite book |title=The Cactus Primer|author1=Arthur C. Gibson |author2=Park S. Nobel |isbn=9780674089914 |publisher=Harvard University Press |date=11 October 1990 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B1NEgtRguQMC&pg=PA23 |page=23))</ref> The genera of the Cactoideae are characterized by microscopic foliage leaves. All photosynthesis occurs in shoot cortex cells covered by a persistent epidermis and stomata. Another important characteristic of this subfamily is ribbed stems, which enable the inner cortex to expand radially without breaking the shoot surface to absorb large quantities of water. <ref>Mauseth, J. D. (2006). Structure–function relationships in highly modified shoots of Cactaceae. 
''Annals of Botany, 98''(5), 901-926.</ref> 

((As of|2018|August)), the internal classification of the [[family (biology)|family]] Cactaceae remained uncertain and subject to change. A classification incorporating many of the insights from the molecular studies was produced by Nyffeler and Eggli in 2010.<ref name=NyffEggl10>((Cite journal|last1=Nyffeler |first1=R. |last2=Eggli |first2=U. |year=2010 |title=A farewell to dated ideas and concepts: molecular phylogenetics and a revised suprageneric classification of the family Cactaceae |journal=Schumannia |volume=6 |pages=109–149 |doi=10.5167/uzh-43285 |s2cid=89650660 |name-list-style=amp))</ref> Various revisions have been published since, e.g. to the tribe [[Hylocereeae]] and the tribe [[Echinocereeae]].<ref name=KoroBorsAria17>((cite journal |last1=Korotkova |first1=Nadja |last2=Borsch |first2=Thomas |last3=Arias |first3=Salvador |date=2017 |title=A phylogenetic framework for the Hylocereeae (Cactaceae) and implications for the circumscription of the genera |journal=Phytotaxa |volume=327 |issue=1 |pages=1–46 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320829990 |doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.327.1.1 |name-list-style=amp))</ref> Classifications remained uncertain ((As of|2019|March|lc=yes)).

== Tribes and genera ==
((Unreferenced section|date=October 2023))
* [[Blossfeldieae]]
** ''[[Blossfeldia]]''
* ''[[Fraileeae]]''
**''[[Frailea]]''
*[[Cereeae]]
** [[Cereinae]]
*** ''[[Arrojadoa]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Brasilicereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Cereus (plant)|Cereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Cipocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Coleocephalocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Discocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Espostoopsis]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Facheiroa]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Leocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Melocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Micranthocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Pilosocereus]]''&nbsp;–  ''[[Praecereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Serrulatocereus]]''&nbsp;–  ''[[Xiquexique]]''
**[[Rebutiinae]]
*** ''[[Aylostera]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Browningia]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Gymnocalycium ]]''&nbsp;–  ''[[Lasiocereus]]''&nbsp;–  ''[[Rebutia]]''&nbsp;–  ''[[Stetsonia (plant)|Stetsonia]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Uebelmannia]]''
** [[Trichocereinae]]
***''[[Acanthocalycium]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Arthrocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Borzicactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Chamaecereus]]'' &nbsp;– ''[[Cleistocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Denmoza]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Echinopsis]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Espostoa]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Haageocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Harrisia (plant)|Harrisia]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Leucostele]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Lobivia]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Loxanthocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Matucana]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Mila (plant)|Mila]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Oreocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Oroya]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Rauhocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Reicheocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Samaipaticereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Setiechinopsis]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Soehrensia]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Trichocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Vatricania]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Weberbauerocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Yungasocereus]]''

* [[Cacteae]]
** ''[[Acharagma]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Ariocarpus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Astrophytum]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Aztekium]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Coryphantha]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Cumarinia]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Echinocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Echinomastus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Epithelantha]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Escobaria]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Ferocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Geohintonia]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Glandulicactus]]''&nbsp;– ''Homalocephala'' (see ''[[Echinocactus]]'')&nbsp;– ''[[Kadenicarpus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Leuchtenbergia]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Lophophora]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Mammillaria]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Obregonia]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Ortegocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Pediocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Pelecyphora]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Rapicactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Sclerocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Stenocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Strombocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Thelocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Turbinicarpus]]''

* [[Echinocereeae]]
** ''[[Armatocereus]]''&nbsp;– (''Acanthocereus'' is placed in Hylocereeae)<ref name=KoroBorsAria17/>&nbsp;–''[[Austrocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Bergerocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Brachycereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Carnegiea]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Cephalocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Corryocactus]]''&nbsp;–  ''[[Echinocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Escontria]]''&nbsp;–  ''[[Jasminocereus]]''&nbsp;–  ''[[Leptocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Lophocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Myrtillocactus]]''&nbsp;–  ''[[Neoraimondia]]''&nbsp;–''[[Pachycereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Peniocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Pfeiffera]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Pilosocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Polaskia]]''&nbsp;–  ''[[Stenocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Stephanocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Strophocactus]]''
* [[Hylocereeae]]<ref name=KoroBorsAria17/>
** ''[[Acanthocereus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Deamia]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Disocactus]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Epiphyllum]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Kimnachia]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Pseudorhipsalis]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Selenicereus]]'' (including ''Hylocereus'')&nbsp;– ''[[Weberocereus]]''
* [[Lymanbensonieae]]
** ''[[Calymmanthium]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Lymanbensonia]]''
* [[Notocacteae]]
** ''[[Copiapoa]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Eriosyce]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Neowerdermannia]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Parodia]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Thelocephala]]'' &nbsp;– ''[[Yavia]]''
* [[Rhipsalideae]]
** ''[[Hatiora]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Lepismium]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Rhipsalis]]''&nbsp;– ''[[Schlumbergera]]''

== References ==
((Reflist))

((Taxonbar|from=Q941876))

[[Category:Cactoideae| ]]
[[Category:Caryophyllales subfamilies]]

((Cactaceae-stub))

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