The camp occupies 955 acres (1.492 sq mi) of land.[4] During the construction of the base, two hills were flattened and the valley between them was filled. In August 1999, 52 helipads were constructed on the facility's west perimeter to handle helicopter aviation. The camp is built mainly of wooden, semipermanent SEA (Southeast Asian) huts[5] and is surrounded by a 2.5 m (8.2 ft) high earthen wall.
Camp Bondsteel was constructed by the 94th Engineer Construction Battalion, augmented by A Company, 864th Engineer Battalion and the 568th Combat Support Engineer Company, together with the Kellogg, Brown and Root Corporation (KBR). KBR was also the prime contractor for the operation of the camp. The planning, design, and construction management of the project was completed by the Construction Management Section of the 130th Engineer Brigade and a team from the Baltimore District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
Camp Bondsteel has several facilities on base, all built with US military aid, that are used by both soldiers and civilian employees alike. The base can house up to 7,000 soldiers, making it the largest American base in the Balkans. The post exchange (PX) is the largest military exchange in Southeastern Europe and contains various necessities and luxuries. All of this is housed in the PX's two-story building.[4][6]
The base also has a hospital, two gyms, and two recreation buildings with phones, computers, pool tables, and video games. Camp Bondsteel also has a chapel, a large dining facility, a fire station, a military police station, two cappuccino bars, a Burger King, Taco Bell, and an Anthony's Pizza. There is also a barber shop, a laundry facility employing local nationals, a dry cleaner, a tailor, various local vendors who sell Kosovo souvenirs and products, and sports fields.[4]
Prisoners
"Big Duke" (Mt. Ljuboten) looming over Camp Bondsteel
Camp Bondsteel is not open to inspections by the Committee for the Prevention of Torture (CPT), which has the right to visit all "places of detention" of the member states of the Council of Europe. Negotiations with KFOR were underway but were suspended because of Kosovo's unilateral declaration of independence, which was not recognised by the Council of Europe. The United States Army had been criticised for using the base as a detention facility for suspected terrorists.[7]
In November 2005, Álvaro Gil-Robles, the human rights envoy of the Council of Europe, described the camp as a "smaller version of Guantanamo" following a visit.[8][9][10] Robles confirmed that the detention facilities belonged to KFOR, not any U.S. government agency, and "..the then KFOR boss, General Marcel Valentin, helped me as much as he could during my visits. There was no attempt to hide anything or hush anything up." The prisoners at the site when Robles visited had been jailed by KFOR under KFOR authority. The US Army denied the accusation that the detention facilities "were a smaller version of Guantanamo" and stated that there were no secret detention facilities in the Camp.[11]
^DoD Flight Information Publication (Terminal) - High and Low Altitude Europe North Africa and Middle East. Vol. 6. St. Louis, Missouri: National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. 2020. p. 44.
^DoD Flight Information Publication (Enroute) - Supplement Europe, North Africa and Middle East. St. Louis, Missouri: National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. 2021. pp. B-111.
^Philips, John (2004). Macedonia: Warlords and Rebels in the Balkans. I.B.Tauris. p. 171. ISBN978-1-86064-841-0.
