Carbery East (Irish: Cairbrigh Thoir^{[l 1]}) is a barony in County Cork in Ireland.^{[l 1]} It has been split since the nineteenth century into East and West Divisions (an Roinn Thoir/Thiar).^{[l 1][l 2]}

Legal context

Baronies were created after the Norman invasion of Ireland as divisions of counties and were used the administration of justice and the raising of revenue. While baronies continue to be officially defined units, they have been administratively obsolete since 1898. However, they continue to be used in land registration and in specification, such as in planning permissions. In many cases, a barony corresponds to an earlier Gaelic túath which had submitted to the Crown.

History

Originally Carbery East formed a single Barony of Carbery with Carbery West.^[1] This was essentially a small, semi-independent kingdom, ruled over by the MacCarthy Reagh dynasty from the 13th through 16th centuries, that broke away from the larger Kingdom of Desmond. Patrick Weston Joyce said the name Carbery comes from Uí Chairpre Áebda, of which a sept, the O'Donovans under Cathal Ua Donnubáin, migrated to the area c.1300 after being driven from County Limerick by the Fitzgeralds.^[2] The antiquarian Canon John O'Mahony disagreed, and offered three alternatives: Cairpre founder of Dál Riata; or Cairbre of Uibh Laoghaire; or the Ui Carbre of Corcu Loígde, from whom Rosscarbery in the barony is named.^[3] However, supporting the first theory is that the O'Donovans, such as Crom Ua Donnabáin, are closely associated with earliest MacCarthys in the area, and soon became their chief vassals, holding approximately 100,000 acres (400 km²) right in the middle of the medieval barony.^[4]

Location and settlements

Carbery East is bordered by the baronies of Carbery West to the west, Bantry to the northwest, Muskerry West to the north, Kinalmeaky to the northeast, and Kinsale and Courceys to the east.^[5] To the south is the Celtic Sea, broken by the two halves of the barony of Ibane and Barryroe. From east to west are Courtmacsherry Bay, Barryroe peninsula, Clonakilty Bay, Ibane peninsula, and the coast from Rosscarbery to Glandore.^[5]

East Division settlements

Settlements in the division include Ballinascarty,^{[l 3]} Ballineen,^{[l 4]} Bandon,^{[l 4]} Clonakilty,^{[l 4]} Desertserges,^{[l 3]} Innishannon,^{[l 4]} Kilbrittain,^{[l 4]} Kilmacsimon Quay,^{[l 3]} and Lyre.^{[l 3]}

Other features include Inchydoney^{[l 5]}

West Division settlements

Settlements in the division include Castletown Kinneigh,^{[l 6]} Cappeen,^{[l 6]} Drinagh,^{[l 6]} Dunmanway,^{[l 7]} Enniskean,^{[l 7]} Glandore,^{[l 6]} Leap,^{[l 7]} and Rosscarbery^{[l 7]}

Other features include the River Bandon and the River Ilen.^{[l 8]}