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((Use mdy dates|date=July 2023))
((Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Carbonado, Washington
|settlement_type          = [[Town]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    = 
<!-- Images --------------->
|image_skyline            = Welcome sign in Carbonado, Washington.jpg
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = Welcome sign in Carbonado
|image_flag               = 
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<!-- Maps ----------------->
|image_map                = Pierce_County_Washington_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Carbonado_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location of Carbonado, Washington
|image_map1               = 
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<!-- Location ------------->
|subdivision_type         = Country
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Washington|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Pierce County, Washington|Pierce]]
<!-- Government ----------->
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<!-- Area ----------------->
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|area_total_km2           = 1.08
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|area_total_sq_mi         = 0.42
|area_land_sq_mi          = 0.42
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
<!-- Population ----------->
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|population_footnotes     = <ref name="2020 Census (City)"/>
|population_total         = 734
|population_density_km2   = 681.61
|population_density_sq_mi = 1766.83
<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[Pacific Time Zone|Pacific (PST)]]
|utc_offset               = -8
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|elevation_footnotes      = 
|elevation_m              = 363
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|coordinates              = ((coord|47|4|47|N|122|3|5|W|region:US-WA|display=inline,title))
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 98323
|area_code                = [[Area code 360|360]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 53-09970
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 1517390<ref name="GR3">((cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=January 31, 2008|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=October 25, 2007))</ref>
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))

'''Carbonado''' (((IPAc-en|k|a:r|b|@|'|n|ei|d|ou)))<ref>((cite book | last = Phillips | first = James W. | title = Washington State Place Names | url = https://archive.org/details/washingtonstatep00phil | url-access = registration | publisher = University of Washington Press | year = 1971 | location = Seattle and London | pages = 22 | isbn = 0-295-95498-1))</ref> is a town in [[Pierce County, Washington|Pierce County]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]], United States. It is located near the [[Carbon River]] in the north of the county, approximately ((convert|50|mi|km)) southeast of [[Seattle]]. Carbonado is the last town before entering [[Mount Rainier National Park]] and is also a popular spot for [[off-roading]]. The town also served as an important [[coal mining]] community in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when the town operated the largest coal mine in Pierce County. The population was 734 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="2020 Census (City)">((cite web|title=2020 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US5309970 |work=American FactFinder |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=May 16, 2022))</ref>

==History==
((See also|Carbon River))

Carbonado was one of several in the [[Carbon River]] valley to be settled during an economic boom in the region. The boom was brought on by the demand for raw material in nearby growing cities such as [[Seattle]] and [[Tacoma, Washington|Tacoma]]. Starting with the town of [[Wilkeson, Washington|Wilkeson]] and moving on through [[Burnett, Washington|Burnett]], Carbonado, [[Montezuma, Washington|Montezuma]], [[Fairfax, Washington|Fairfax]], and finally [[Manley Moore]], these settlements sprawled up the valley to the very boundary of [[Mount Rainier National Park]]. Most of these towns were company towns, meaning that they specialized in the harvest of raw materials on the plot of land that the town was situated on ,which was owned by a commercial company. Often – and such was the case of Carbonado – the company owned the houses and energy resources as well. The energy resource in Carbonado was also the raw material that the citizens of the company town were harvesting, [[coal]].

More than 100 miners died in mining accidents in and around Carbonado, including 31 who were killed in an explosion in Carbon Hill Coal Company's Mine Number 7 on December 9, 1899.<ref>((cite book|isbn=978-1-4930-1322-7|title=Washington Disasters|last=McNair-Huff|first=Rob & Natalie|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|year=2016|pages=47–50))</ref>

During the time of the initial boom in the valley, Carbonado grew to rival the size of Tacoma. The railroad, integral to the transportation of people, supplies and exported materials, extended all the way up the valley, servicing the towns and several homesteads. These were settled predominantly by [[Polish American|Polish immigrants]], and supplied the towns down the valley with fresh milk and eggs. Two survive today, one known as Carbon River Ranch (the main house is the old Fairfax school and can be seen from [[Washington State Route 165]]) and the other formerly known as Huckle-Chuck. At Huckle-Chuck, the original house and one of the barns are still used and functional. At the peak of the boom both of these homesteads and the towns which they supplied were quite productive and lively.((citation needed|date=September 2023))

However, the boom did not last as the economy suffered a downturn, and with it came the end of the need for the lower-grade coal being mined at Carbonado and the [[timber]] being harvested for use in the settlements further up the valley. Since the decline of the mining era, Carbonado has experienced extreme shrinking and small booms ultimately ending with a steady population. All of the current residents work elsewhere and what was once an economic center for the valley is now a residential community. The railroad also pulled out of the town. The Rails to Trails project has most of the actual rail line land in its possession.((citation needed|date=September 2023))

The time that Carbonado did spend as a coal mining town is evidenced by the cemetery, abandoned mines, an overgrown coal slag pile, a school, and the company houses left behind. The cemetery holds the memories of older and more recent dead with many of the grave holders' family still living nearby. Huge concrete monoliths that once held that cables for the mining carts point straight towards the old mine shafts and openings and stand overgrown and now only utilized by the town's children. One hill in the town started out as the coal slag pile and now has been carpeted by ivy and trees. The school makes up what is known as the Carbonado Historical School District and grades K-8th still attend there. Many of the houses that the company built and originally owned still line main street. They look very similar to each other as was the style of the company builders at the time. Although many of the miners abandoned the town, the direct descendants of the original miners still live in some of the houses.((citation needed|date=September 2023))

Carbonado was officially incorporated on September 13, 1948.

==Geography==
Carbonado is located at ((coord|47.079724|-122.051433|type:city_region:US|format=dms|display=inline)) (47.079724, -122.051433).<ref name="GR1">((cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990))</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of ((convert|0.42|sqmi|sqkm|2)), all of it land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">((cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=December 19, 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=July 2, 2012 ))</ref>

==Demographics==
((refimprove|section|date=September 2023))
((US Census population
|1890= 705
|1950= 412
|1960= 424
|1970= 394
|1980= 456
|1990= 495
|2000= 621
|2010= 610
|2020= 734
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|author=United States Census Bureau|author-link=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=July 25, 2013))</ref><br>2020 Census<ref name="2020 Census (City)"/>
))

===2010 census===
As of the [[2010 United States census]],<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">((cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 19, 2012))</ref> there were 610 people, 208 households, and 153 families living in the town. The [[population density]] was ((convert|1452.4|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1)). There were 218 housing units at an average density of ((convert|519.0|/sqmi|/km2|1)). The racial makeup of the town was 93.1% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.7% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.0% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 1.1% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.2% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 1.5% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 2.5% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 4.8% of the population.

There were 208 households, of which 39.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.7% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 9.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 26.4% were non-families. 18.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.93 and the average family size was 3.37.

The median age in the town was 34.9 years. 43.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.2% were from 25 to 44; 24.7% were from 45 to 64; and 10.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 52.5% male and 47.5% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[2000 United States census]], there were 621 people, 200 households, and 158 families living in the town. The [[population density]] was 1,527.9 people per square mile (584.8/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 210 housing units at an average density of 516.7 per square mile (197.8/km<sup>2</sup>). The racial makeup of the town was 96.46% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.48% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.64% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 2.42% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.93% of the population.

There were 200 households, out of which 48.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 4.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.0% were non-families. 17.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.11 and the average family size was 3.56.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 34.9% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 7.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females, there were 110.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $50,250. Males had a median income of $38,583 versus $24,821 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $16,135. About 1.4% of families and 4.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 2.9% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

==Notable people==
* [[Frank D. Robinson|Frank Robinson]], founder and CEO of [[Robinson Helicopter Company|Robinson Helicopters]], was born in Carbonado in 1930.

* [[Paul Strand (baseball)|Paul Strand]], [[baseball pitcher]] (6-2), was born in Carbonado in 1893.

==Further reading==
* Hall, Nancy Irene (1994). ''Carbon River Coal Country'', Orting: Heritage Quest Press; ((ISBN|978-0945433330)).

===Archives===
* [https://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:80444/xv06375 Carbonado, Washington Photograph Collection.] 1890-1905. 6 photographs.
* [https://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:80444/xv46728 Marsh Morgan Corbitt Photograph albums.] 1905-1918. 1050 photographs (2 boxes); various sizes.
* [https://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:80444/xv63287 Arthur and Freda Hancy Photograph Collection .] 1909-1914. 10 photographic prints (3 folders); 5x7 inches (12.7&nbsp;cm x 17.78&nbsp;cm).
* [https://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:80444/xv74139 Pacific Coast Company records.] 1860-1927. Approximately 41.43 cubic feet (1173 liters, 1.17 m³) plus microfilm.

==References==
((commons category))
((Reflist))

((Pierce County, Washington))

((Authority control))

[[Category:Towns in Pierce County, Washington]]
[[Category:Towns in Washington (state)]]

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