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((Short description|Castle in Verona, Italy))
((More sources needed|date=June 2019))
[[Image:Italy - Verona - Ponte Scaligero.jpg|thumb|Castelvecchio and the [[Castelvecchio Bridge]]]]
'''Castelvecchio''' (Italian: "Old Castle") is a [[castle]] in [[Verona]], northern [[Italy]]. It is the most important military construction of the [[Scaliger]] dynasty that ruled the city in the [[Middle Ages]].<ref>((Cite web |last=cie |first=G. Massiot & |title=Castle Scaliger, possibly Castelvecchio, Verona, Italy |url=https://curate.nd.edu/show/qr46qz23z0w |access-date=2022-09-30 |website=curate.nd.edu))</ref>

The castle is powerful and compact in its size with very little decoration - one square compound built in red bricks, one of the most prominent examples of [[Gothic architecture]] of the age, with imposing M-shaped merlons running along the castle and bridge walls. It has seven towers, a superelevated [[keep]] (''maschio'') with four main buildings inside. The castle is surrounded by a ditch, now dry, which was once filled with waters from the nearby [[Adige]].

Castelvecchio is now home to the [[Museo di Castelvecchio|Castelvecchio Museum]] and the local officer's club which can be accessed through the left door on Corso Cavour.

==History==
[[Image:Interno castelvecchio VR.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Interior view]]

The castle stands on the probable location of a [[ancient Rome|Roman]] fortress outside the Roman city. Lord [[Cangrande II della Scala]] had it built along with its [[Castelvecchio Bridge|bridge]] across the [[Adige River]] as a deterrent to his powerful neighbors such as Venice, the [[House of Gonzaga|Gonzaga]] and the [[Sforza]] families.<ref>((Cite web |last=Messalla |date=2022-08-02 |title=Verona: The Castelvecchio |url=https://corvinus.nl/2022/08/02/verona-the-castelvecchio/ |access-date=2022-09-30 |website=- Corvinus - |language=en-GB))</ref> Construction was carried out between 1354 and 1376 (Cangrande died in 1359). The fortified bridge was intended to allow the seigniors to escape safely northwards to the Tyrol in the event of a rebellion or a coup d'état (the Scaligeri were allies of the [[Holy Roman Empire]]) and when they eventually lost their hold on Verona, its surviving members left Italy to found a German branch of the family.

Later, during the [[Republic of Venice|Venetian domination]], the bridge was further fortified to defend it with cannons. The castle was damaged by French troops during the [[Napoleonic Wars]] (1796-7), in retaliation to the [[Pasque Veronesi]], when the local population staged a violent anti-French revolt. Napoleon had chosen to stay in Castelvecchio on his trips to Verona, but his widespread and arbitrary requisitions of citizens' and churches' property, the massive draft of male workers into the French army prompted the resistance that eventually drove out the invaders.

The bridge was destroyed by the retreating German army in 1945 and rebuilt in 1949.

Under the [[Austria]]ns, Castelvecchio was turned into barracks.
In 1923 the castle was restored, as well as in 1963–1965.

==See also==
((Commons category|Castelvecchio (Verona)))
*[[History of Verona]]
*[[Scaliger]]
*[[Castelvecchio Bridge]] <!--Don't remove please. To be done soon-->
*[[Verona trial]]

==References==
((Reflist))

((coord|45.440|N|10.988|E|display=title|source:dewiki))
((Authority control))

[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1376]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Verona]]
[[Category:Castles in Veneto]]
[[Category:Museums in Verona]]
[[Category:Gothic architecture in Verona]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Verona]]

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