The Royal houses, of which members ruled the Grand Duchy of Tuscany (and/or its predecessor or successor States), a central Italian monarchy that existed as the March of Tuscany (846–1198), the Republic of Florence (1115–1532), the Duchy of Florence (1532–1569), and the Grand Duchy of Tuscany (1569–1801 and 1815–1859), following which it was merged into the United Provinces of Central Italy.