Ancestor: Qutalmish
Founder: Suleyman I
Capital: İznik, then Konya

Important centers and extension

Dynasty

Suleyman I (1077–1086)
Kilij Arslan I (1092–1107)
Melikshah (1107–1116)
Mesud I (1116–1156)
Kilij Arslan II (1156–1192)
Kaykhusraw I (1192–1196)
Süleymanshah II (1196–1204)
Kilij Arslan III (1204–1205)
Kaykhusraw I (2nd reign) (1205–1211)
Kaykaus I (1211–1220)
Kayqubad I (1220–1237)
Kaykhusraw II (1237–1246)
Kaykaus II (1246–1260)
Kilij Arslan IV (1248–1265)
Kayqubad II (1249–1257)
Kaykhusraw III (1265–1282)
Mesud II (1282–1284)
Kayqubad III (1284)
Mesud II (2nd reign) (1284–1293)
Kayqubad III (2nd reign) (1293–1294)
Mesud II (3rd reign) (1294–1301)
Kayqubad III (3rd reign) (1301–1303)
Mesud II (4th reign) (1303–1307)
Mesud III (1307)

Chronology

Timeline of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum

Wars and major battles

Culture

Arts	Seljuk architecture
Writers and scholars	Rumi Haji Bektash Veli Fakhr al-Din Iraqi Siraj al-Din Urmavi Karim al-Din Aqsarayi Ibn Bibi

Other notable people

Anatolian beyliks

Tzachas (1081 - 1092)
Founder Tzachas Capital İzmir
Important centers and extension:	Ephesus Lesbos Chios

Shah-Armens (1100–1207)
Founder Sökmen el Kutbi Capital Ahlat
Important centers and extension:	Silvan Malazgirt Erciş Adilcevaz Başkale Eleşkirt Van Tatvan Bitlis Muş Hani
Dynasty:	Sökmen el Kutbi (1100–1112) Ibrahim bin Sökmen (? - ?) Ahmed bin Ibrahim (? - ?) Sökmen the Second (1128–1185) Seyfeddin Begtimur (1185–1193) Aksungur (1193–1197) Muhammed bin Begtimur (1185–1207)
Important works:	Ahlat Tombs

Artuqids (1102 - )
Ancestors Eksük and his son Artuk, from Döğer Oghuz Türkmen clan Founder Muinüddin Sökmen Bey Capitals Three branches in Hasankeyf, Mardin and Harput
Important centers and extension:	Diyarbakır Hasankeyf Silvan Mardin Midyat Harput Palu Aleppo (temporarily in 1117)
Hasankeyf Dynasty or Sökmenli Dynasty:	Müinüddin Sökmen Bey (1102–1104) Sökmenli Ibrahim Bey (1104–1131)
Mardin Dynasty or Ilgazi Dynasty:	Necmeddin Ilgazi (1106–1122) Hüsameddin Timurtaş (1122–1154) Necmeddin Alp (1154–1176)
Harput Dynasty:	Belek Bey (1112–1124) Nureddin Muhammed (? - ?) Sökmen the Second (? - ?)

Danishmends (1071–1178)
Founder Danishmend Gazi Capitals Sivas Niksar
Important centers and extension:	Sivas Niksar Malatya Kayseri Tokat Amasya Kastamonu Ankara
Dynasty:	Danishmend Gazi (1071–1084) Gazi Gümüshtigin (1084–1104) Emir Gazi (1104–1134) Melik Mehmed (1134–1142) Melik Zünnun (1142–1143) Yağıbasan (1143–1164) Melik Ismail (1164–1175) Nasreddin Muhammed (1175-1178)

Mengujekids (1071–1277)
Founder Mengücek Bey Capitals Erzincan, later also Divriği
Important centers and extension:	Erzincan Divriği Kemah Şebinkarahisar
Dynasty:	Mengücek Bey (1071–1118) Mengücekli Ishak Bey (1118–1120) 1120–1142 Temporarily incorporated into the Beylik of Danishmends
Erzincan and Kemah Branch	Mengücekli Davud Shah (1142- ?) 1228 Incorporation into the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum
Divriği Branch	Mengücekli Süleyman Shah (1142- ?) 1277 Beylik destroyed by Abaka

Saltukids (1072–1202)
Founder Saltuk Bey Capital Erzurum
Important centers and extension:	Erzurum Tercan
Dynasty:	Saltuk Bey (1072–1102) Ali bin Ebu'l-Kâsım (1102 - ~1124) Ziyâüddin Gazi (~1124–1132) Izzeddin Saltuk (1132–1168) Nâsırüddin Muhammed (1168–1191) Mama Hatun (1191–1200) Melikshah bin Muhammed (1200–1202)

Aydinids (1307–1425)
Founder Aydınoğlu Mehmed Bey Capitals Birgi, later Ayasluğ
Important centers and extension:	Tire İzmir Alaşehir Aydın Sakız/Chios (between 1336–1344)
Dynasty:	Aydınoğlu Mehmed Bey (1307–1334) Umur Beg (1334–1348) Aydınoğlu Hızır Bey (? - ?) Aydınoğlu Isa Bey (- 1390)
Events	1390 First period of incorporation (by marriage) into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I the Thunderbolt 1402–1414 Second period of Beylik reconstituted by Tamerlane to Aydınoğlu Musa Bey (1402–1403) Aydınoğlu Umur Bey (1403–1405) İzmiroğlu Cüneyd Bey (1405–1425 with intervals) 1425 Second and last incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman realm under Murad II

Candaroğulları (~1300–1461)
Founder Şemseddin Yaman Candar, commander descended from Kayı branch of Oghuz Turks in the imperial army of Seljuk Sultanate of Rum Capital Kastamonu
Important centers and extension:	Sinop Eflani Çankırı Kalecik Tosya Araç Samsun (temporarily)
Dynasty:	Candaroğlu Süleyman Pasha (1309 - ~1340) Candaroğlu Ibrahim Bey (1340–1345) Candaroğlu Adil Bey (1340–1361) Celaleddin Bayezid (1361–1385) Candaroğlu Süleyman Pasha the Second (1384–1392)
Sinop Dynasty or Isfendiyarid Dynasty :	Isfendiyar Bey (1385–1440) Taceddin Ibrahim Bey (1440–1443) Kemaleddin Ismail Bey (1443–1461)

Chobanids (1227–1309)
Founder Hüsamettin Çoban Bey, commander from Kayı Oghuz clan of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum Capital Kastamonu
Important centers and extension:	Kastamonu Taşköprü
Dynasty:	Hüsamettin Çoban Bey (1309 - ?) Alp Yürek (? - ?) Muzafferüddin Yavlak Arslan (? - ?) Çobanoğlu Mahmud Bey (? - 1309)

Dulkadirids (1348- ~1525)
Ancestor Hasan Dulkadir Founder Zeyneddin Karaca Bey Capital Elbistan
Important centers and extension:	Maraş Malatya Harput Kayseri Antep
Dynasty:	Zeyneddin Karaca Bey (1348–1348) Dulkadiroğlu Halil Bey (1348–1386) Sûli Bey (1386–1396) Nâsıreddin Mehmed Bey (1396–1443) Dulkadiroğlu Süleyman Bey (1443–1454) Melik Arslan (?-?) Shah Budak (?-1492) Şahsuvar (?-?) Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey (1492–1507) Şahsuvaroğlu Ali Bey (1507- ~1525)

Eretnids (1328–1381)
Founder Eretna Bey, brother-in-law of the Ilkhanid governor for Anatolia, Timurtash Capital Sivas, later Kayseri
Important centers and extension:	Sivas Kayseri Niğde Tokat Amasya Erzincan Şebinkarahisar Niksar
Dynasty:	Eretna Bey (1328–1352) Giyath al-Din Muhammad (1352–1365) Alâeddin Ali Bey (1365–1380) Mehmed Bey the Second (1380–1381)

Eshrefids (1288–1326)
Founder Seyfeddin Süleyman Bey, regent to the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum Capital Beyşehir
Important centers and extension:	Beyşehir Akşehir Bolvadin
Dynasty:	Seyfeddin Süleyman Bey (1288–1302) Eşrefoğlu Mehmed Bey (1302–1320) Eşrefoğlu Süleyman Bey the Second (1320–1326)

Germiyanids (1300–1429)
Ancestor Kerimüddin Alişir Founder Germiyanlı Yakub Bey the First Capital Kütahya
Important centers and extension:	Kula (District), Manisa Simav Yenicekent Yenicekent (Beylik of Lâdik between 1300–1368)
Dynasty:	Germiyanlı Yakub Bey the First (1300–1340) Germiyanlı Mehmed Bey (1340–1361) Germiyanlı Süleyman Shah (1361–1387)

Hamidids (~1280–1374)
Ancestors Hamid and his son Ilyas Bey, frontier rulers under Seljuk Sultanate of Rum Founder Hamidoğlu Feleküddin Dündar Bey Capital Isparta
Important centers and extension:	Eğirdir Uluborlu Gölhisar Korkuteli and Antalya transferred in 1301 to Dündar Bey's brother Tekeoğlu Yunus Bey
Dynasty:	Hamidoğlu Feleküddin Dündar Bey (~1280–1324) Hamidoğlu Hızır Bey (1324–1330) Hamidoğlu Necmeddin Ishak Bey (? - ?) Hamidoğlu Muzafferüddin Mustafa Bey (? - ?) Hamidoğlu Hüsameddin Ilyas Bey (? - ?) Hamidoğlu Kemaleddin Hüseyin Bey (? - 1391)

Karamanids (~1250–1487)

Ancestor: Nure Sûfi from Afshar Oghuz clan
Founder: Kerimeddin Karaman Bey
Capitals: successively Ereğli; Ermenek; Larende (Karaman); Konya; Mut

Dynasty:

Kerîmeddin Karaman (1256–1261)
Mehmet I (1261–1283)
Güneri (1283–1300)
Bedreddin Mahmut (1300–1308)
Yahşı Han (1308–1312)
Bedreddin Ibrahim I (1312–1333)
Alâeddin Halil Mirza (1333–1348)
Bedreddin Ibrahim I, 2nd reign (1348–1349)
Fahreddin Ahmed (1349–1350)
Şemseddin (1350–1351)
Burhaneddin Musa (1351–1356)
Seyfeddin Süleyman (1356–1357)
Alâeddin Ali (1357–1398)
Nasreddin Mehmed Bey (1398–1399)
Sultanzâde Mehmet II (1398–1399, 1402–1420, 1421–1423)
Bengi Alâeddin Ali (1418–1424)
Ibrahim II (1424–1464)
Sultanzâde Ishak (1464)
Sultanzâde Pîr Ahmed (1464–1469)
Kasım (1469–1483)
Turgutoğlu Mahmud Bey (1483–1487)

Karasids (1303–1360)
Ancestor Melik Danişmend Gazi Founder Karesi Bey Capital Balıkesir
Important centers and extension:	Aydıncık Bergama Edremit Bigadiç Ezine
Dynasty:	Karesi Bey (1307–1328) Demir Han (1328–1345) Yahşı Han (1328–1345) Süleyman Bey (1345–1360)

Ladik (~1300–1368)
Ancestor Germiyanlı Ali Bey Founder Inanç Bey Capital Denizli
Important centers and extension:	Denizli
Dynasty:	Inanç Bey (~1300 - ~1314) Murad Arslan (~1314 - ?) Inançoğlu Ishak Bey (? - ~1360) Süleyman Bey (1345–1368)

Menteshe (~1261–1424)
Founder Menteshe Bey Capitals Beçin castle and nearby Milas, later also Balat
Important centers and extension	present-day Muğla Province Muğla Finike Kaş Çameli Acıpayam Tavas Bozdoğan Çine temporarily Aydın and Güzelhisar, also Rhodes between 1300–1314
Dynasty:	Menteshe Bey (~1261 - ~1282) Mesut (~1282 - ~1320) Orhan (~1320 - ~1340) Ibrahim (~1340 - ~1360)

Pervâneoğlu (1261–1322)
Ancestor Mühezzibeddin Ali Kâşî (vizier of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum) Founder Süleyman Pervâne Capital Sinop
Important centers and extension:	Sinop
Dynasty:	Süleyman Pervâne (1261–1277) Pervâneoğlu Mehmed Bey (1277–1296) Pervâneoğlu Mesud Bey (1296–1300) Pervâneoğlu Gazi Çelebi (1300–1326)

Ramadanids (1352–1516)
Founder Ramazan Bey from Yüreğir Oghuz clan Capitals Adana
Important centers and extension:	Adana Tarsus
Dynasty:	Ibrahim Bey (1344-?) Ahmed Bey (?-1416) Ibrahim Bey (1416–1417) Hamza Bey (1417–1427) Mehmed Bey (1427-?) Eyluk Bey (? - ?) Dündar Bey (? - ?) Omer Bey (?-1490) Giyas al-Din Halil Bey (1490–1511) Hahmud Bey (1511–1516) Selim Bey (?-?) Kubad Bey (1517-?)

Sahib Ataids (1275–1341)
Founder Sahib Ata Fahreddin Ali, vizier of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum Capital Afyonkarahisar
Important centers and extension:	Akşehir Beyşehir Sandıklı Denizli
Dynasty	Sahib Ata Fahreddin Ali (1275–1288) and sons Nusreddin Ahmed (1288–1341)

Sarukhanids (1302–1410)
Founder Saruhan Bey Capital Manisa
Important centers and extension:	Demirci Nif (Kemalpaşa) Akhisar Gördes Menemen
Dynasty	Saruhan Bey (1302–1345) Fahreddin Ilyas Bey Muzafferuddin Ishak Bey (-1388) Hızır Shah (1388–1390)

Teke (1301–1423)
Ancestors Hamidoğlu dynasty Founder Tekeoğlu Yunus Bey Capitals Antalya Korkuteli
Important centers and extension:	Antalya (lost to the Kingdom of Cyprus between 1361–1373) Teke Peninsula
Dynasty:	Tekeoğlu Yunus Bey (1301-?) Tekeoğlu Mehmud Bey (?-1327) Tekeoğlu Hızır Bey (? - ?) Tekeoğlu Dadı Bey (?-?) Zincirkıran Mehmed Bey (~1360 - ~1375) Tekeoğlu Osman Bey (~1375–1390)

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